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Chronic Inflammation: Pathophysiological Process and Nutritional Interventions

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A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 March 2024) | Viewed by 4342

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sara Bindoli

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Guest Editor

Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
Interests: autoinflammatory diseases; inflammation; rheumatic diseases; autoimmunity

Dr. Francesca Oliviero

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Guest Editor

Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
Interests: pathogenetic mechanisms in crystal-induced inflammation; the role of calcium crystals in osteoarthritis; biomarkers in psoriatic arthritis; synovial fluid analysis; the influence of bioactive compounds in inflammation and crystal-induced arthritis; diet in rheumatic diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chronic inflammation encompasses a variety of conditions that range from the immuno-rheumatological field to cardiovascular diseases, oncological, gastroenterological, and metabolic disorders and cover all ages, from the pediatric population to elderly patients. It is well known that diet plays a major role in limiting or promoting the risk factors of all these diseases. In particular, individual dietary habits have been shown to influence specific molecular mechanisms, impacting both the onset and progression of chronic inflammatory conditions. The present issue collects original articles and reviews presenting new insights into pathophysiological processes of chronic inflammation affected by nutritive or bioactive compounds. Nutritional interventions affecting clinical patients’ phenotype and features and exploring the underlying mechanisms at molecular level are also welcome.

This Special Issue focuses on but is not restricted to the following topics:

Chronic inflammatory disorders (rheumatology, gastroenterology, metabolic diseases, endocrinology, cardiovascular diseases, pediatric and geriatric pathologies);
Pediatric patients affected by inflammatory chronic disorders;
Elderly patients affected by chronic inflammatory disorders;
Experimental models of chronic inflammation.

Dr. Sara Bindoli
Dr. Francesca Oliviero
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

chronic disorders
inflammatory diseases
dietary habits
nutraceuticals
bioactive compounds

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 3603 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effects of SKCPT on Osteoarthritis in Beagle Meniscectomy and Cranial Cruciate Ligament Transection Models

by Hye-Min Kim, Minseok Kang, Yoon-Seok Jung, Yoon-Jung Lee, Wonjae Choi, Hunseung Yoo, JeongHoon Kim and Hyo-Jin An

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(19), 14972; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914972 - 7 Oct 2023

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Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) affects >500 million people globally, and this number is expected to increase. OA management primarily focuses on symptom alleviation, using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including Celecoxib. However, such medication has serious side effects, emphasizing the need for disease-specific treatment. The meniscectomy and cranial cruciate ligament transection (CCLx)-treated beagle dog was used to investigate the efficacy of a modified-release formulation of SKI306X (SKCPT) from Clematis mandshurica, Prunella vulgaris, and Trichosanthes kirilowii in managing arthritis. SKCPT’s anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties have been assessed via stifle circumference, gait, incapacitance, histopathology, and ELISA tests. The different SKCPT concentrations and formulations also affected the outcome. SKCPT improved the gait, histopathological, and ELISA OA assessment parameters compared to the control group. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases were significantly lower in the SKCPT-treated groups than in the control group. This study found that SKCPT reduces arthritic lesions and improves abnormal gait. The 300 mg modified-release formulation was more efficacious than others, suggesting a promising approach for managing OA symptoms and addressing disease pathogenesis. A high active ingredient level and a release pattern make this formulation effective for twice-daily arthritis treatment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chronic Inflammation: Pathophysiological Process and Nutritional Interventions)

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Review

Jump to: Research

16 pages, 603 KiB

Open AccessReview

Stress, Allostatic Load, and Neuroinflammation: Implications for Racial and Socioeconomic Health Disparities in Glaucoma

by Colleen E. McDermott, Rebecca J. Salowe, Isabel Di Rosa and Joan M. O’Brien

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(3), 1653; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25031653 - 29 Jan 2024

Viewed by 1026

Abstract

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness, and its pathophysiology includes neuroinflammatory changes. The present therapies for glaucoma target pressure-lowering mechanisms with limited success, making neuroinflammation a target for future interventions. This review summarizes the neuroinflammatory pathways seen in glaucoma and their interplay with stress. Glucocorticoids have been shown to activate proinflammatory glial cells, contributing to the neuroinflammation in glaucoma. Glucocorticoids have also been shown to increase the IOP directly. Stress-associated autonomic dysfunction can affect the vascular homeostasis in the retina and create oxidative stress. Diabetes, hyperglycemic-mediated endothelial damage, and vascular inflammation also play important roles in the neuroinflammation in glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. Psychosocial stress has been implicated in an increased IOP and glaucoma outcomes. People who experience maladaptive chronic stress suffer from a condition known as allostatic load, which describes pathologic neuroendocrine dysregulation. The effects of allostatic load and chronic stress have been studied in patients affected by a lower socioeconomic status (SES) and marginalized racial identities. A lower SES is associated with higher rates of glaucoma and also affects the access to care and screening. Additionally, people of African ancestry are disproportionately affected by glaucoma for reasons that are multifactorial. In conclusion, this review explores neuroinflammation in glaucoma, highlighting opportunities for future investigation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chronic Inflammation: Pathophysiological Process and Nutritional Interventions)

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31 pages, 1268 KiB

Open AccessReview

Use of Cells, Supplements, and Peptides as Therapeutic Strategies for Modulating Inflammation after Spinal Cord Injury: An Update

by Elisa Garcia, Vinnitsa Buzoianu-Anguiano, Raúl Silva-Garcia, Felipe Esparza-Salazar, Alejandro Arriero-Cabañero, Adela Escandon, Ernesto Doncel-Pérez and Antonio Ibarra

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(18), 13946; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241813946 - 11 Sep 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1581

Abstract

Spinal cord injury is a traumatic lesion that causes a catastrophic condition in patients, resulting in neuronal deficit and loss of motor and sensory function. That loss is caused by secondary injury events following mechanical damage, which results in cell death. One of the most important events is inflammation, which activates molecules like proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) that provoke a toxic environment, inhibiting axonal growth and exacerbating CNS damage. As there is no effective treatment, one of the developed therapies is neuroprotection of the tissue to preserve healthy tissue. Among the strategies that have been developed are the use of cell therapy, the use of peptides, and molecules or supplements that have been shown to favor an anti-inflammatory environment that helps to preserve tissue and cells at the site of injury, thus favoring axonal growth and improved locomotor function. In this review, we will explain some of these strategies used in different animal models of spinal cord injury, their activity as modulators of the immune system, and the benefits they have shown. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chronic Inflammation: Pathophysiological Process and Nutritional Interventions)

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