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The Role of Mg Homeostasis in Disease: 2nd Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2025 | Viewed by 381

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Guest Editor
Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital, 25198 Lleida, Spain
Interests: bone disease; mineral metabolism; renal disease; vascular calcification; calcium-sensing receptor; fibroblast growth factor 23; sclerostin; vitamin D; parathyroid hormone
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Magnesium is the fourth most abundant mineral in the body, with the vast majority stored in bone. Maintaining adequate magnesium levels is key to health. In this regard, hypomagnesemia has been related to diseases such as osteoporosis or cardiovascular diseases and has also been associated with mortality. At the molecular level, magnesium is capable of modulating membrane receptors, such as the transient receptor potential melastatin-subfamily member 7 (TRPM7) or the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), and regulating signaling pathways involved in many cellular functions such as cell differentiation, proliferation, inflammation, etc.

The aim of this Special Issue is to compile the latest scientific advances on the role of magnesium homeostasis in disease, such as kidney disease, diabetes, osteoporosis, genetic diseases, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, among others. In addition, the role of magnesium in the control of cellular processes such as oxidative stress or inflammation will also be discussed.

Dr. Juan Miguel Diaz-Tocados
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • magnesium
  • chronic diseases
  • diabetes
  • bone disease
  • mineral metabolism
  • renal disease
  • inflammation
  • cardiovascular disease

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

20 pages, 1039 KiB  
Review
Magnesium Balance in Chronic Kidney Disease: Mineral Metabolism, Immunosuppressive Therapies and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors
by Juan Miguel Díaz-Tocados, Maria Jesús Lloret, Juan Diego Domínguez-Coral, Adria Patricia Tinoco Aranda, Leonor Fayos de Arizón, Elisabet Massó Jiménez, Jordi Bover, José Manuel Valdivielso and María Encarnación Rodríguez-Ortiz
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(12), 5657; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26125657 - 13 Jun 2025
Abstract
It is now widely recognized that maintaining magnesium (Mg) homeostasis is critical for health, especially in the context of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Patients with CKD commonly develop hyperphosphatemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism, which are controlled by therapies targeting intestinal phosphate absorption and circulating [...] Read more.
It is now widely recognized that maintaining magnesium (Mg) homeostasis is critical for health, especially in the context of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Patients with CKD commonly develop hyperphosphatemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism, which are controlled by therapies targeting intestinal phosphate absorption and circulating calcium levels or by modulating parathyroid calcium sensing. Notably, Mg supplementation may provide dual benefits by promoting bone formation and maintaining normal mineralization with slightly elevated serum levels. Importantly, low Mg levels are associated with mortality risk in CKD, highlighting the importance of maintaining adequate serum Mg levels in these patients. Particularly, kidney transplant (KT) patients have lower circulating Mg levels, likely due to interactions with immunosuppressive treatments. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have shown survival benefits in CKD and increased serum Mg levels, suggesting that Mg regulation may contribute to these outcomes. Overall, Mg plays a key role in CKD-associated mineral and bone disorders (CKD-MBD). Thus, understanding the mechanisms underlying the alteration of Mg homeostasis in CKD could improve clinical outcomes. This review summarizes the basic and clinical studies demonstrating (1) the key actions of Mg in CKD-MBD, including secondary hyperparathyroidism and bone abnormalities; (2) the distinctive profile of KT patients for Mg homeostasis; and (3) the interaction between commonly used drugs, such as SGLT2 inhibitors or immunosuppressive treatments, and Mg metabolism, providing a broad understanding of both the key role of Mg in the context of CKD and the treatments that should be considered to manage Mg levels in CKD patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Mg Homeostasis in Disease: 2nd Edition)
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