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Electrochemical Behavior and Application of Advanced Electrode Materials 2.0
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Electrochemical Behavior and Application of Advanced Electrode Materials 2.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 January 2025) | Viewed by 8815

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jing Yu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
Interests: electrocatalysis; supercapacitor; energy storage and conversion
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The excessive use of traditional fossil fuels has led to a serious energy crisis and environmental pollution, so it is urgent to develop efficient, clean and sustainable energy. Energy storage and conversion devices are considered effective approaches to solve this energy problem, including batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, electrocatalysis and so on. The development of advanced electrode materials is the key to achieving efficient energy storage and conversion, which include positive electrode materials, negative electrode materials, electrolytes, separators, etc. The rational design of electrode materials at the molecular level is helpful to improve their electrochemical performance, such as energy density, power capability, safety, durability and catalytic efficiency. At the same time, studying the evolution behavior of electrode materials during the electrochemical process is of great significance to reveal the operational and failure mechanisms of materials, thus helping to further optimize their performance.

This Special Issue on “Electrochemical Behavior and Application of Advanced Electrode Materials” seeks high-quality works on the latest advances in various electrode materials. The topic focuses on the design and electrochemical behavior of advanced electrode materials and their application in batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, electrocatalysis, etc. We are pleased to invite you to contribute related original articles or reviews.

Dr. Mohammad R. Thalji is a research professor at the Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), South Korea (Topical Advisory Panel Member of IJMS), who will assist Dr. Jing Yu in managing this special issue.

Dr. Jing Yu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • batteries
  • fuel cells
  • supercapacitors
  • electrocatalysis
  • energy materials
  • electrodes
  • separators
  • electrochemical behavior

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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14 pages, 4247 KiB  
Article
Zn-Based Three-Dimensional Metal-Organic Framework for Selective Fluorescence Detection in Zwitterionic Ions
by Hongbin Liu, Yue Zhao, Biyi Huang, Hui Liu, Putao Zhang, Wen Gu and Tingli Ma
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(8), 3566; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26083566 - 10 Apr 2025
Viewed by 238
Abstract
Zinc-based MOFs exhibit significant advantages in ion detection due to their unique structure and chemical properties. They can efficiently and selectively recognize and detect specific ions, making them powerful analytical tools for applications in environmental monitoring, biomedical fields, and more. In this work, [...] Read more.
Zinc-based MOFs exhibit significant advantages in ion detection due to their unique structure and chemical properties. They can efficiently and selectively recognize and detect specific ions, making them powerful analytical tools for applications in environmental monitoring, biomedical fields, and more. In this work, we used a simple ligand to improve the coordination environment of Zn2+ ions and successfully synthesized a 3D coordination compound Zn(all-bdc)(Py) MOF through a straightforward hydrothermal method at low temperature. Additionally, we explored the potential of this MOF as a bifunctional ion fluorescence probe for both cationic and anionic recognition. The results showed that this 3D porous MOF exhibited excellent recognition ability for trivalent iron ions (Fe3+) and potassium permanganate (KMnO4−) ions due to its highly porous structures and efficient ion recognition. When iron ions were added to 500 μL and potassium permanganate ions were added to 100 μL, the fluorescence of the compound was effectively quenched, and the detection limits for these two ions were 0.95 μM and 0.13 μM, respectively. The mixed-ion experiments also demonstrated that even in the presence of similar ions, this 3D MOF still maintained good selective recognition ability, specifically identifying Fe3+ and KMnO4− ions. This work provides a novel synthetic strategy for the design of MOFs capable of mixed-ion recognition and detection, expanding their application potential in ion sensing and analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Behavior and Application of Advanced Electrode Materials 2.0)
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18 pages, 4934 KiB  
Article
Cu-Ion Hybrid Porous Carbon with Nanoarchitectonics Derived from Heavy-Metal-Contaminated Biomass as Ultrahigh-Performance Supercapacitor
by Jieni Wang, Xiaobo Han, Shuqin Zhang, Haodong Hou, Chenlin Wei, Chenxiao Liu, Leichang Cao, Jinglai Zhang, Li Wang and Shicheng Zhang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(2), 569; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26020569 - 10 Jan 2025
Viewed by 747
Abstract
It is challenging to handle heavy-metal-rich plants that grow in contaminated soil. The role of heavy metals in biomass on the physicochemical structure and electrochemical properties of their derived carbon has not been considered in previous research. In this study, Cu-ion hybrid nanoporous [...] Read more.
It is challenging to handle heavy-metal-rich plants that grow in contaminated soil. The role of heavy metals in biomass on the physicochemical structure and electrochemical properties of their derived carbon has not been considered in previous research. In this study, Cu-ion hybrid nanoporous carbon (CHNC) is prepared from Cu content-contaminated biomass through subcritical hydrocharization (HTC) coupling pyrolytic activation processes. The CHNCs are used as advanced electrode material for energy storage applications, exhibiting an impressively ultrahigh capacitance of 562 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1 (CHNC-700-4-25), excellent energy density of 26.15 W h kg−1, and only 7.59% capacitance loss after enduring 10,000 cycles at a current density of 10 A g−1, making CHNCs rank in the forefront of previously known carbon-based supercapacitor materials. These comprehensive characterizations demonstrate that copper ions introduce new electrochemically active sites and enhance the conductivity and charge transport performance of the electrode material, elevating the specific capacitance of CHNC from 463 to 562 F g−1. These findings offer valuable insights into the effective energy storage application of heavy-metal-contaminated biomass wastes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Behavior and Application of Advanced Electrode Materials 2.0)
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17 pages, 3194 KiB  
Article
Enhancing Efficiency of Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia by Fe and Co Nanoparticle-Based Bimetallic Electrocatalyst
by Irina Kuznetsova, Olga Lebedeva, Dmitry Kultin, Mikhail Mashkin, Konstantin Kalmykov and Leonid Kustov
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(13), 7089; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137089 - 28 Jun 2024
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2535
Abstract
The green and sustainable electrocatalytic conversion of nitrogen-containing compounds to ammonia is currently in high demand in order to replace the eco-unfriendly Haber–Bosch process. Model catalysts for the nitrate reduction reaction were obtained by electrodeposition of metal Co, Fe, and bimetallic Fe/Co nanoparticles [...] Read more.
The green and sustainable electrocatalytic conversion of nitrogen-containing compounds to ammonia is currently in high demand in order to replace the eco-unfriendly Haber–Bosch process. Model catalysts for the nitrate reduction reaction were obtained by electrodeposition of metal Co, Fe, and bimetallic Fe/Co nanoparticles from aqueous solutions onto a graphite substrate. The samples were characterized by the following methods: SEM, XRD, XPS, UV–vis spectroscopy, cyclic (and linear) voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In addition, the determination of the electrochemically active surface was also performed for all electrocatalysts. The best electrocatalyst was a sample containing Fe-nanoparticles on the layer of Co-nanoparticles, which showed a Faradaic efficiency of 58.2% (E = −0.785 V vs. RHE) at an ammonia yield rate of 14.6 μmol h−1 cm−2 (at ambient condition). An opinion was expressed to elucidate the mechanism of coordinated electrocatalytic action of a bimetallic electrocatalyst. This work can serve primarily as a starting point for future investigations on electrocatalytic conversion reactions to ammonia using model catalysts of the proposed type. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Behavior and Application of Advanced Electrode Materials 2.0)
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13 pages, 3655 KiB  
Article
Loading of Single Atoms of Iron, Cobalt, or Nickel to Enhance the Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction of Two-Dimensional Titanium Carbide
by Kaijin Wang, Jing Yu, Qi Liu, Jingyuan Liu, Rongrong Chen and Jiahui Zhu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(7), 4034; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25074034 - 4 Apr 2024
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1545
Abstract
The rational design of advanced electrocatalysts at the molecular or atomic level is important for improving the performance of hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs) and replacing precious metal catalysts. In this study, we describe the fabrication of electrocatalysts based on Fe, Co, or Ni [...] Read more.
The rational design of advanced electrocatalysts at the molecular or atomic level is important for improving the performance of hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs) and replacing precious metal catalysts. In this study, we describe the fabrication of electrocatalysts based on Fe, Co, or Ni single atoms supported on titanium carbide (TiC) using the molten salt method, i.e., TiC-FeSA, TiC-CoSA, or TiC-NiSA, to enhance HER performance. The introduction of uniformly distributed transition-metal single atoms successfully reduces the overpotential of HERs. Overpotentials of TiC-FeSA at 10 mA cm−2 are 123.4 mV with 61.1 mV dec−1 Tafel slope under acidic conditions and 184.2 mV with 85.1 mV dec−1 Tafel slope under alkaline conditions, which are superior to TiC-NiSA and TiC-CoSA. TiC samples loaded with transition-metal single atoms exhibit high catalytic activity and long stability under acidic and basic conditions. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the introduction of transition-metal single atoms effectively reduces the HER barrier of TiC-based electrocatalysts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Behavior and Application of Advanced Electrode Materials 2.0)
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21 pages, 9177 KiB  
Article
Structural and Electromagnetic Signatures of Anatase and Rutile NTs and Sheets in Three Different Water Models under Different Temperature Conditions
by Eduardo Patricio Estévez Ruiz, Saravana Prakash Thirumuruganandham and Joaquín Cayetano López Lago
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(19), 14878; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914878 - 4 Oct 2023
Viewed by 2385
Abstract
Experimental studies of TiO2 nanotubes have been conducted for nearly three decades and have revealed the remarkable advantages of this material. Research based on computer simulations is much rarer, with research using density functional theory (DFT) being the most significant in this [...] Read more.
Experimental studies of TiO2 nanotubes have been conducted for nearly three decades and have revealed the remarkable advantages of this material. Research based on computer simulations is much rarer, with research using density functional theory (DFT) being the most significant in this field. It should be noted, however, that this approach has significant limitations when studying the macroscopic properties of nanostructures such as nanosheets and nanotubes. An alternative with great potential has emerged: classical molecular dynamics simulations (MD). MD Simulations offer the possibility to study macroscopic properties such as the density of phonon states (PDOS), power spectra, infrared spectrum, water absorption and others. From this point of view, the present study focuses on the distinction between the phases of anatase and rutile TiO2. The LAMMPS package is used to study both the structural properties by applying the radial distribution function (RDF) and the electromagnetic properties of these phases. Our efforts are focused on exploring the effect of temperature on the vibrational properties of TiO2 anatase nanotubes and an in-depth analysis of how the phononic softening phenomenon affects TiO2 nanostructures to improve the fundamental understanding in different dimensions and morphological configurations. A careful evaluation of the stability of TiO2 nanolamines and nanotubes at different temperatures is performed, as well as the adsorption of water on the nanosurface of TiO2, using three different water models. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Behavior and Application of Advanced Electrode Materials 2.0)
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