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Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidant Effects of Extracts from Plants
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Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidant Effects of Extracts from Plants

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactives and Nutraceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2026 | Viewed by 2768

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sheila Leone

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
Interests: emotional behavior; anxiety; depression; inflammation; oxidative stress; obesity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Lucia Recinella

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
Interests: pharmaco-toxicological evaluations of herbal extracts; neuroendocrine regulation; GHRH deficiency
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

We are pleased to invite you to contribute original research papers or review articles to the Special Issue "Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidant Effects of Extracts from Plants".

Since ancient times, different plants have been used for therapeutic uses. In this context, a wide body of evidence suggested the potential activities of a number of plant extracts commonly used in traditional medicine as well as natural compounds exhibiting innovative action modes as possible remedies for various diseases. In particular, plant extracts have long been reported to contrast oxidative stress and inflammatory response related to various diseases, including diabetes, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases, prostatitis, and cancer. The protective effects induced by plant extracts were related to a reduction in various pro-inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers, such as reactive oxygen/nitrogen (ROS/RNS) species, prostaglandins, and cytokines.

The aim of this Special Issue is to further deepen current knowledge of plant extracts for the prevention and treatment of both inflammation- and oxidative stress-related disorders. 

Dr. Sheila Leone
Dr. Lucia Recinella
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oxidative stress
  • inflammation
  • herbal extracts

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 2340 KB  
Article
Biological Activities Underlying the Cardiovascular Benefits of Olive Oil Polyphenols: Focus on Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Atherogenic Effects
by Kaoutar Boumezough, Mehdi Alami, Tamas Fulop, Nada Zoubdane, Ikram Salih, Mhamed Ramchoun, Abdelouahed Khalil and Hicham Berrougui
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(22), 11165; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262211165 - 19 Nov 2025
Viewed by 388
Abstract
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) polyphenols are recognized for their beneficial effects on human health, yet how their concentration shapes biological outcomes remains insufficiently explored. While a daily intake of 25 mL EVOO is generally regarded as beneficial for cardiovascular protection, the high-phenolic [...] Read more.
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) polyphenols are recognized for their beneficial effects on human health, yet how their concentration shapes biological outcomes remains insufficiently explored. While a daily intake of 25 mL EVOO is generally regarded as beneficial for cardiovascular protection, the high-phenolic EVOO examined in this study contains markedly higher levels of polyphenols than most EVOOs reported previously. This suggests that oils richer in polyphenols may exert distinct biological effects. To investigate this, we compared extracts from a standard EVOO and a naturally high-phenolic EVOO, along with their key phenolic compounds, hydroxytyrosol (HT) and tyrosol (Tyr). Antioxidant effects were assessed by quantifying intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in THP-1-derived macrophages stimulated with LPS by analyzing inflammatory surface markers’ expression, cytokines’ production, and the NLRP3-inflammasome pathway. Atheroprotective potential was investigated by measuring cholesterol efflux in J774 macrophages. Both EVOO polyphenols extracts and (HT and Tyr) significantly reduced ROS and lipid peroxidation. High phenolic EVOO extract (EVOOPE+) displayed superior antioxidant activity at lower concentrations, while standard EVOO phenolic extract (EVOOPE) showed more consistent effects across doses. Both extracts favored an anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype, as indicated by increased CD163 and IL-10 expression and reduced CD86, IFN-α, and NLRP3. Moreover, all treatments enhanced cholesterol efflux in a dose-dependent manner, with EVOOPE+ and HT producing the strongest effects. Collectively, these results highlight the capacity of EVOO polyphenols to modulate, through key bioactivity mechanisms, cardioprotective effects and emphasize the importance of polyphenols concentration in their biological efficacy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidant Effects of Extracts from Plants)
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16 pages, 7796 KB  
Article
Glycine soja Leaf and Stem Extract Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis-like Skin Inflammation by Inhibiting JAK/STAT Signaling
by Yoon-Young Sung, Misun Kim, Dong-Seon Kim and Eunjung Son
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(10), 4560; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26104560 - 9 May 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1768
Abstract
Wild soybean (Glycine soja, GS) is a traditional medicine used to treat inflammation. In this study, the anti-atopic properties of GS leaf and stem extract on skin inflammation were evaluated in the Dermatophagoides farinae-extract-induced mouse model and keratinocytes. Oral administration [...] Read more.
Wild soybean (Glycine soja, GS) is a traditional medicine used to treat inflammation. In this study, the anti-atopic properties of GS leaf and stem extract on skin inflammation were evaluated in the Dermatophagoides farinae-extract-induced mouse model and keratinocytes. Oral administration of the GS extract reduced scratching, dermatitis score, transepidermal water loss, thickness of epidermis, inflammatory cell accumulation, and serum concentrations of thymic stromal lymphopoietin and immunoglobulin E. GS downregulated the expression of inflammatory gene markers of atopic dermatitis (AD), including interleukin (IL)-6; regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES); thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC); and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) and upregulated the expression of filaggrin, a keratinocyte differentiation marker, in skin tissue. GS downregulated Janus kinase 1, signal transducer and activation of transcription (STAT) 1, and STAT3 pathways. Using ultra-performance liquid chromatography, we identified seven flavonoids in GS extract, including apigenin, epicatechin, genistein, genistin, daidzin, daidzein, and soyasaponin Bb. GS, apigenin, and genistein reduced the expression of IL-6, MDC, TARC, and RANTES and increased filaggrin via the downregulation of STAT3 phosphorylation in interferon-γ/tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated keratinocytes. Our results suggest that GS leaf and stem extract ameliorates AD-like skin inflammation by regulating the immune response and restoring skin barrier function. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidant Effects of Extracts from Plants)
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Review

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31 pages, 1080 KB  
Review
Modulation of Toll-like Receptors with Natural Compounds: A Therapeutic Avenue Against Inflammaging?
by Corina Andrei, Ciprian Pușcașu, George Mihai Nitulescu and Anca Zanfirescu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(23), 11305; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262311305 - 22 Nov 2025
Viewed by 255
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation, or “inflammaging,” is a defining feature of aging and a key driver of functional decline. Among innate immune sensors, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are central mediators linking cellular stress to sterile inflammation, yet their modulation in physiological aging remains largely overlooked. [...] Read more.
Chronic low-grade inflammation, or “inflammaging,” is a defining feature of aging and a key driver of functional decline. Among innate immune sensors, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are central mediators linking cellular stress to sterile inflammation, yet their modulation in physiological aging remains largely overlooked. This review bridges that gap by integrating molecular and clinical evidence on age-associated TLR remodeling and summarizing preclinical data on natural compounds that suppress TLR signaling. Across diverse inflammatory models, phytochemicals such as curcumin, quercetin, resveratrol, baicalin, and glycyrrhizin consistently downregulate Toll-like receptor 2- (TLR2-), Toll-like receptor 4- (TLR4-), and Toll-like receptor 9- (TLR9-) dependent myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, lowering interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α) while enhancing IL-10. These mechanisms mirror the molecular signature of inflammaging, supporting TLRs as actionable targets for restoring immune balance. Collectively, the evidence positions natural TLR modulators as a promising, yet untapped, avenue for promoting healthy aging and extending healthspan. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidant Effects of Extracts from Plants)
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