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Molecular Pathology and Diagnosis of Endometriosis

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 December 2024) | Viewed by 4554

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce this Special Issue of the International Journal of Medical Sciences, entitled “Molecular Pathology and Diagnosis of Endometriosis”. We invite researchers and experts in the field to submit their original research articles and reviews for consideration.

Endometriosis affects up to ten percent of women of reproductive age and causes symptoms that include different chronic pelvic pain manifestations and infertility. The therapeutic strategies include the surgical resection of ectopic lesions, pain management, and different hormonal treatments. At present, some subtypes of this benign disease can only be diagnosed by laparoscopy, as a valid non-invasive diagnostic marker has not yet been established.

As endometriosis is estrogen-dependent, many therapeutic strategies are based on hormonal agents. However, to date, our therapeutic armamentarium has not been dramatically improved over the last decades. This is based on the fact that the etiology and pathophysiology of this disease have not been completely elucidated.

Endometriosis remains a complex and challenging condition with significant implications for women’s health. This Special Issue aims to bridge the gap between fundamental research and clinical application, fostering a comprehensive understanding of endometriosis from molecular mechanisms to patient care. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms of endometriosis, precision medicine, innovative diagnostic methods and biomarkers, advances in medical treatments, and translational research and its clinical applications.

This Special Issue is led by Prof. Dr. René Wenzl and assisted by our Topical Advisory Panel Member Dr. Alexandra Perricos-Hess (Medical University of Vienna) and we encourage submissions that contribute to advancing the knowledge and treatment of endometriosis, providing valuable insights for both researchers and healthcare professionals.

Prof. Dr. René Wenzl
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • endometriosis
  • pathophysiology
  • estrogen
  • pain
  • infertility
  • subfertility
  • diagnostic marker
  • medical therapy
  • dysmenorrhea
  • chronic pelvic pain

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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12 pages, 2236 KiB  
Article
Alteration of Serum Gal-3 Levels in Endometrium-Related Reproductive Disorders
by Reka Brubel, Beata Polgar, Laszlo Szereday, Dora Bianka Balogh, Tunde Toth, Szabolcs Mate, Noemi Csibi, Noemi Dobo, Gernot Hudelist, Nandor Acs and Attila Bokor
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(4), 1630; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26041630 - 14 Feb 2025
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Abstract
Endometriosis, a benign, chronic gynecological disorder characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterine cavity, affects 15% of women of reproductive age. Galectins, a family of beta-galactoside-binding proteins, regulate inflammation and autoimmunity and are widely expressed in reproductive tissues. This study [...] Read more.
Endometriosis, a benign, chronic gynecological disorder characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterine cavity, affects 15% of women of reproductive age. Galectins, a family of beta-galactoside-binding proteins, regulate inflammation and autoimmunity and are widely expressed in reproductive tissues. This study aimed to assess Galectin-3 (Gal-3) levels in the serum of patients with endometriosis compared to asymptomatic controls and investigate serum Gal-3 level changes over a one-year follow-up period of patients with endometriosis. To determine the levels of soluble Gal-3 in the serum of women with endometriosis or gynecological tumors as well as healthy controls, a human Gal-3-specific ELISA was used. Our findings revealed significantly elevated serum Gal-3 levels in patients with endometriosis compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, Gal-3 concentrations were markedly higher in patients with malignant gynecological transformation of the endometrium than in patients with or without endometriosis. During the one-year follow-up, patients with endometriosis exhibited a progressive increase in serum Gal-3 levels. These findings highlight the potential of Gal-3 as a biomarker for endometriosis and related gynecological conditions. However, further prospective studies with larger, more representative patient cohorts are needed to validate its clinical value. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Pathology and Diagnosis of Endometriosis)
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13 pages, 4763 KiB  
Case Report
Idiopathic Abdominal Wall Endometrioma: Case Report with Investigation of the Pathological, Molecular Cytogenetic and Cell Growth Features In Vitro
by Jean Gogusev, Yves Lepelletier, Henri Cohen, Olivier Ami and Pierre Validire
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(2), 775; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26020775 - 17 Jan 2025
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Abstract
Abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE) is a clinical disorder with unknown pathogenesis with an incidence between 0.03% and 1% in women affected by cutaneous/scar endometriosis. We investigated the pathological, molecular cytogenetic and cell proliferation features of a primary AWE developed in rectus abdominis muscle [...] Read more.
Abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE) is a clinical disorder with unknown pathogenesis with an incidence between 0.03% and 1% in women affected by cutaneous/scar endometriosis. We investigated the pathological, molecular cytogenetic and cell proliferation features of a primary AWE developed in rectus abdominis muscle in a patient without co-existing pelvic endometriosis. An investigational model of cultured stromal cells was additionally established. Histologically, the lesion revealed areas of endometrial-like glands surrounded by a thick stromal layer in addition to numerous disseminated foci composed exclusively of stromal cells. Beyond the strong expression of Estrogen (ER) and Progesterone receptors (PRs), consistent immunolabeling for several mesenchymal stromal/stem cell antigens and oncoproteins was revealed in both the endometrioma as well as in the cultured stromal cells. The Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis of the endometrioma demonstrated a structural alteration of the c-MYC protooncogene, with a mean of three gene copies in 3% to 5% of both glandular and stromal cells. The FISH assay applied on the cultured cells showed c-MYC gene amplification, with an average number of more than six gene copies in 18% to 25% of the cellular nuclei. Altogether, these results markedly highlight the pathological and molecular features of idiopathic AWE essential for histo-pathogenetic categorization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Pathology and Diagnosis of Endometriosis)
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