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Plant Phenolic Accumulation and Application in Human Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactives and Nutraceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2025 | Viewed by 2310

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
Interests: natural compounds; phytochemistry; plant in vitro culture; polyphenols; methods of determination of antioxidant activity; phytotherapy
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Oxidative stress and inflammation play important roles in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Redox balance and rebalance are essential for maintaining cellular physiological function and adaptation against oxidative stress. In this regard, plants rich in bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, which have broad health benefits for humans, deserve attention. Polyphenols are secondary metabolites recognized as one of the largest classes of plant constituents. Their health-protective effects are mainly due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, which play a role in protecting against oxidative stress and related diseases. Natural products based on polyphenolic compounds can be used in supplementary treatment or serve as sources for the development of new therapeutic agents. Studies have indicated that a diet rich in polyphenols reduces the risk of various diseases, such as cancer, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and aging-related disorders. Although many natural bioactive products have already been isolated and investigated, nature remains an endless source of medicinal drugs awaiting discovery.

The aim of this Special Issue is to collect reviews and original articles addressing the current knowledge of the multifaceted roles of polyphenols in offering health benefits. It is dedicated to recent research that explores the acquisition, identification, and utilization of these bioactive compounds. For many polyphenolic compounds, there is a lack of knowledge regarding their molecular targets; therefore, special emphasis is given to insights into the molecular action mechanisms supporting the pharmacological properties of the identified phytochemicals and their structure–activity relationships.

Complex extracts and herbal mixtures without clearly identified ingredients will not be considered.

Dr. Izabela Grzegorczyk-Karolak
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • antioxidant effects
  • anticancer/antiproliferative activity
  • anti-inflammatory activity
  • antimicrobial effects bioactive polyphenols
  • chemical identification of plant compounds
  • chemistry and mechanisms of action
  • health beneficial effect
  • medicinal plant
  • molecular targets
  • natural products
  • phytochemicals
  • structure–activity relationship

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 7563 KiB  
Article
Hesperetin-Enhanced Metformin to Alleviate Cognitive Impairment via Gut–Brain Axis in Type 2 Diabetes Rats
by Danyang Zhang, Xiaoshi He, Yinbo Wang, Xiaoyu Wang, Xiao Han, Haodong Liu, Yan Xing, Bo Jiang, Zhilong Xiu, Yongming Bao and Yuesheng Dong
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(5), 1923; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26051923 - 23 Feb 2025
Viewed by 781
Abstract
Diabetes constitutes a risk factor for cognitive impairment, whereas insulin resistance serves as the shared pathogenesis underlying both diabetes and cognitive decline. The use of metformin for treating cognitive impairment remains controversial. The present study found that hesperetin, a flavanone derived from citrus [...] Read more.
Diabetes constitutes a risk factor for cognitive impairment, whereas insulin resistance serves as the shared pathogenesis underlying both diabetes and cognitive decline. The use of metformin for treating cognitive impairment remains controversial. The present study found that hesperetin, a flavanone derived from citrus peel, enhanced metformin’s efficacy in reducing blood sugar levels, improving insulin sensitivity, and ameliorating cognitive impairment in diabetic rats. Additionally, it reduced the required dosage of metformin to one-third of its conventional dose. Transcriptome analysis and 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that the activation of insulin and cyclic-adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathways benefited from the regulation of gut microbiota and the promotion of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producers such as Romboutsia. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that hesperetin supplementation counteracted the upregulation of β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), a pathological factor of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that was induced by metformin. Our findings reveal that hesperetin can be used in supplementary treatment for cognitive impairment associated with diabetes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Phenolic Accumulation and Application in Human Diseases)
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13 pages, 6799 KiB  
Article
Morin Reactivates Nrf2 by Targeting Inhibition of Keap1 to Alleviate Deoxynivalenol-Induced Intestinal Oxidative Damage
by Gengxiu Zan, Hui He, Xiaofan Wang, Jiayi Zhou, Xiuqi Wang and Huichao Yan
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(3), 1086; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26031086 - 27 Jan 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1074
Abstract
As a prevalent mycotoxin found in cereal foods and feed, deoxynivalenol (DON) disrupts the orderly regeneration of intestinal epithelial tissue by interfering with the intracellular antioxidant defense system. However, the potential of mulberry leaf-derived Morin, a natural flavonoid active substance with clearing reactive [...] Read more.
As a prevalent mycotoxin found in cereal foods and feed, deoxynivalenol (DON) disrupts the orderly regeneration of intestinal epithelial tissue by interfering with the intracellular antioxidant defense system. However, the potential of mulberry leaf-derived Morin, a natural flavonoid active substance with clearing reactive oxygen species (ROS), to mitigate DON-induced intestinal oxidative damage remains unclear. Our investigation demonstrates that Morin effectively reverses the decline in growth performance and repairs damaged jejunal structures and barrier function under DON exposure. Furthermore, the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) is enhanced significantly after Morin intervention. Importantly, Morin increases the levels of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in the serum and jejunal tissue, while reducing the accumulation of ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA). Molecular interaction analysis further confirms that Morin targets inhibition of Keap1 to activate the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant system. In summary, our results suggest that Morin alleviates the oxidative damage induced by DON by regulating the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway, thereby restoring the proliferation and differentiation activity of ISC, which provides new insights into Morin mitigating DON damage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Phenolic Accumulation and Application in Human Diseases)
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