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Recent Advances in Crustacean Aquaculture
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Recent Advances in Crustacean Aquaculture

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2025 | Viewed by 1686

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Tom Levy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
2. Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
Interests: androgenic gland; aquaculture; crustaceans; disease management; gene silencing; genetic modification; monosex; selective breeding; sex-reversal; yield improvement
Dr. Tomer Ventura

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Bioinnovation, School of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia
Interests: androgenic gland; aquaculture; crustaceans; disease management; gene silencing; genetic modification; monosex; selective breeding; sex reversal; yield improvement
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The global demand for seafood has been steadily increasing for decades. However, meeting this demand is becoming exceedingly challenging due to overfishing and the adverse effects of climate change on aquatic ecosystems. This situation underscores the need for innovations that make aquaculture more sustainable, ensuring food security for the growing global population while preserving natural aquatic resources.

Crustaceans, including prawns, shrimps, crabs, lobsters, and crayfish, represent a highly valued and diverse segment of the seafood market. Rich in essential nutrients, crustacean meat plays a crucial role in human diets worldwide. Consequently, the rising demand for crustaceans in the global seafood market is driving significant research and development in aquaculture, with a particular focus on advancing biotechnologies to enhance sustainability, including the development of monosex populations, yield improvement, disease management, selective breeding, and other cutting-edge practices.

Innovations in this field include endocrine manipulations that influence growth and reproduction, androgenic gland manipulation for sex reversal to establish monosex cultures, CRISPR/Cas9 genetic modifications, next-generation sequencing techniques, and more.

This Special Issue welcomes studies contributing to recent advances and innovations in any aspect of crustacean aquaculture.

Dr. Tom Levy
Dr. Tomer Ventura
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • androgenic gland
  • aquaculture
  • crustaceans
  • disease management
  • gene silencing
  • genetic modification
  • monosex
  • selective breeding
  • sex reversal
  • yield improvement

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 2142 KiB  
Article
Roles of a Y-Linked iDmrt1 Paralogue and Insulin-like Androgenic Gland Hormone in Sexual Development in the Tropical Rock Lobster, Panulirus ornatus
by Ai Hang Tran Nguyen, Jihye Yoon, Wenyan Nong, Susan Glendinning, Quinn P. Fitzgibbon, Gregory G. Smith, Jerome H. L. Hui, Ka Hou Chu, Volker Herzig and Tomer Ventura
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(11), 5149; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26115149 - 27 May 2025
Viewed by 222
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of sexual development would pave the way for producing mono-sex populations to aid the aquaculture industry. This study investigates the functions of the Y-linked iDmrt1 paralogue (Po-iDMY) and insulin-like androgenic gland hormone (Po-IAG) in the process of sexual development [...] Read more.
Understanding the mechanisms of sexual development would pave the way for producing mono-sex populations to aid the aquaculture industry. This study investigates the functions of the Y-linked iDmrt1 paralogue (Po-iDMY) and insulin-like androgenic gland hormone (Po-IAG) in the process of sexual development in the tropical rock lobster, Panulirus ornatus (TRL). Previously, we identified that Po-iDMY, a male-specific heterogametic (Y-linked) paralogue of the autosomal Po-iDmrt1 found in TRL, is a second sex-linked iDmrt gene identified in invertebrates. Using 5′ and 3′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends and data from a draft male genome (with an assembly genome size of approximately 2.446 Gbp and 87% BUSCO completeness), we obtained the full-length Po-iDMY gene (encoding a protein of 312 amino acids). A 411 bp male-specific sequence located at the 3′ untranslated region of Po-iDMY mRNA was used as a sex marker, which was reported for the first time in our draft genome. However, Po-iDMY is not a master sex-determining factor since it was not expressed across developmental stages of embryos, juveniles and adults. Instead, we silenced Po-IAG at an early juvenile stage, generating two potential neo-females, implying that sexual manipulation could be a promising technique in TRL. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Crustacean Aquaculture)
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15 pages, 7728 KiB  
Article
Integrated Application of Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Provides Insights into the Different Body-Size Growth in Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis)
by Silu Che, Jiancao Gao, Haojun Zhu, Jinliang Du, Liping Cao, Yao Zheng, Gangchun Xu and Bo Liu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(10), 4617; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26104617 - 12 May 2025
Viewed by 284
Abstract
The Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis, is a water-dwelling crustacean that is widely distributed in northern hemisphere water systems. Body size is one of the crucial indicators determining the economic value of E. sinensis. However, research on the genetic basis and [...] Read more.
The Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis, is a water-dwelling crustacean that is widely distributed in northern hemisphere water systems. Body size is one of the crucial indicators determining the economic value of E. sinensis. However, research on the genetic basis and regulatory mechanisms of body size in this species is limited, with only a few relevant genes reported. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate the regulatory pathways associated with its growth. This study first utilized transcriptomic profiling and metabolomic sequencing to construct gene expression profiles and metabolite profiles of E. sinensis of different body sizes. Subsequently, through integrated omics analysis, the key genes and regulatory pathways involved in controlling the growth and size of crabs were preliminarily identified. This study found that larger female crabs exhibited significantly enhanced digestive functions, primarily reflected in the upregulation of trypsin-1 expression, suggesting its potentially pivotal role in regulating the growth and development of crabs. Interestingly, a variety of tissue-specific proteins such as APOLPP, RICK A, AGMO, and NEPHRIN, as well as REXO1L1P and ZCCHC24, indirectly influence the growth and development of crabs through their respective functional pathways. In addition, the key KEGG pathways, such as ECM–receptor interaction, cell adhesion, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, were revealed to play central roles in the growth regulation of E. sinensis. These findings expand our understanding of the growth regulation mechanisms in crustaceans and offer potential molecular targets for body-size improvement in aquaculture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Crustacean Aquaculture)
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16 pages, 4918 KiB  
Article
Chitin Synthase Is Required for Cuticle Formation and Molting in the Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir sinensis
by Ting Zhang, Yuning Hu, Siyu Lu, Yanfei Deng, Huimin Zhang, Yanhua Zhao, Yawen Yu, Hongbin Huang, Jun Zhou and Xuguang Li
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(5), 2358; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26052358 - 6 Mar 2025
Viewed by 583
Abstract
Chitin synthase is an essential enzyme of the chitin synthesis pathway during molting. In this study, we identified and characterized a chitin synthase (EsCHS) gene in the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. The spatio-temporal expression and functional role of EsCHS [...] Read more.
Chitin synthase is an essential enzyme of the chitin synthesis pathway during molting. In this study, we identified and characterized a chitin synthase (EsCHS) gene in the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. The spatio-temporal expression and functional role of EsCHS were investigated. The open reading frame of EsCHS was 4725 bp long and encoded 1574 amino acid residues that contained the typical domain structure of the glycosyltransferase family 2. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that EsCHS belongs to the group I chitin synthase family. The expression of EsCHS was found in regenerative limbs, the cuticle and the intestines. During the molting cycle, EsCHS began to increase in the pre-molt stage and reached a significant peak in the post-molt stage. The knockdown of EsCHS resulted in the significant downregulation of chitin biosynthesis pathway genes, including TRE, HK, G6PI, PAGM and UAP. Moreover, the long-term RNAi of EsCHS resulted in thinning procuticles, abnormal molting and high mortality, suggesting that EsCHS is indispensable for the formation of chitin in the cuticle during molting. In conclusion, EsCHS is involved in the chitin biosynthesis pathway and plays an important role in molting in E. sinensis. These findings highlight the potential of incorporating EsCHS into selective breeding programs to optimize molting regulation and improve growth performance in crustacean aquaculture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Crustacean Aquaculture)
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