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Novel Technologies in the Study of the Pathogenesis of Cardiac Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2025 | Viewed by 1707

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
Interests: hereditary cardiomyopathies; induced pluripotent stem cells; molecular biology; genetics and genomics; biomarkers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Molecular Genetics, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
Interests: genetics; animal models; cardiomyopathies; induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes; transcriptomics; molecular pathways
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Despite advancements in research and clinical management, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are still the number one cause of mortality globally.

Recently, our knowledge about etiopathogenetic mechanisms in CVDs has dramatically benefited from advances in ‘-omics’ technologies, including whole genome, transcriptomics (bulk, single nucleus-, and spatial RNA sequencing), epigenomics, metabolomics, and proteomics. Combining artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies have been used to gain valuable information about the mechanisms that cause disease and to better diagnose and determine outcomes for individual patients.

Novel in vitro methodologies, exemplified by human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), organoids, and microphysiological systems (MPSs), as well as in silico tools like artificial intelligence (AI), have allowed the emerging concept of ‘clinical trials in a dish’, which accelerates drug discovery and design, thereby facilitating precision medicine for cardiovascular disease. For example, large-scale iPSC lines from healthy and patient cohorts are cultured in 3D systems, making it easier to explore detailed mechanisms including cellular metabolism, gene regulation, and protein interactions.

Prof. Dr. Raffaella Lombardi
Dr. Suet Nee Chen
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • artificial Intelligence
  • multi-omics
  • organoids
  • engineered heart tissue
  • advanced imaging
  • personalized medicine

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

31 pages, 3194 KiB  
Review
The Role of MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Doxorubicin-Induced Vascular Remodeling
by Ekaterina Podyacheva, Julia Snezhkova, Anatoliya Onopchenko, Vyacheslav Dyachuk and Yana Toropova
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(24), 13335; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252413335 - 12 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1503
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX), a cornerstone chemotherapeutic agent, effectively combats various malignancies but is marred by significant cardiovascular toxicity, including endothelial damage, chronic heart failure, and vascular remodeling. These adverse effects, mediated by oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory pathways, and dysregulated autophagy, underscore the need [...] Read more.
Doxorubicin (DOX), a cornerstone chemotherapeutic agent, effectively combats various malignancies but is marred by significant cardiovascular toxicity, including endothelial damage, chronic heart failure, and vascular remodeling. These adverse effects, mediated by oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory pathways, and dysregulated autophagy, underscore the need for precise therapeutic strategies. Emerging research highlights the critical role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in DOX-induced vascular remodeling and cardiotoxicity. miRNAs, such as miR-21, miR-22, miR-25, miR-126, miR-140-5p, miR-330-5p, miR-146, miR-143, miR-375, miR-125b, miR-451, miR-34a-5p, and miR-9, influence signaling pathways like TGF-β/Smad, AMPKa/SIRT, NF-κB, mTOR, VEGF, and PI3K/AKT/Nrf2, impacting vascular homeostasis, angiogenesis, and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Despite existing studies, gaps remain in understanding the full spectrum of miRNAs involved and their downstream effects on vascular remodeling. This review synthesizes the current knowledge on miRNA dysregulation during DOX exposure, focusing on their dual roles in cardiovascular pathology and tumor progression. Strategies to reduce DOX cardiotoxicity include modulating miRNA expression to restore signaling balance, targeting pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic pathways, and leveraging miRNA inhibitors or mimics. This review aims to organize and integrate the existing knowledge on the role of miRNAs in vascular remodeling, particularly in the contexts of DOX treatment and the progression of various cardiovascular diseases, including their potential involvement in tumor growth. Full article
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