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Molecular Mechanisms of Viral Infection in Pregnancy

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2024) | Viewed by 2318

Special Issue Editor


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Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
Interests: infectious disease; medicine; viral infections in pregnancy
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce our upcoming Special Issue on the "Molecular Mechanisms of Viral Infection in Pregnancy". Pregnancy is a critical period in which viral infection can significantly impact maternal and fetal health. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive review of the latest developments in pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, prevention, and treatment in the field of pregnancy and viral infections.

We welcome original research, review articles, short communications, perspectives, and opinions, and encourage authors to submit papers addressing viral infections that affect pregnant women, such as SARS-CoV-2, Zika virus, cytomegalovirus, influenza, rubella, HSV, HIV, HBV, and other emerging viral infections. This Special Issue will cover a broad range of topics, including, but not limited to:

  • New insights into the pathophysiology of viral infections in pregnancy.
  • The molecular mechanisms of viral infections during pregnancy, fetal development, and breastfeeding, and neonatal outcomes.
  • Molecular diagnosis, management, prevention, and control of viral infections during pregnancy.
  • Antiviral therapy and vaccine development.

We invite authors to submit their manuscripts using our online submission system. Please contact us if you have any questions, and we look forward to receiving your contributions to this Special Issue, which we hope will serve as a comprehensive resource for the medical and scientific communities.

Dr. Quang Duy Trinh
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • pregnancy
  • viral infection
  • fetal development
  • antiviral therapy
  • vaccine
  • diagnosis
  • virus–host interaction
  • pathophysiology
  • COVID-19
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Zika virus
  • influenza
  • cytomegalovirus
  • rubella
  • HSV
  • HIV
  • HBV

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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14 pages, 827 KiB  
Article
Maternal-Fetal Outcomes and Antibody Transfer, Depending on the Trimester of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Non-Vaccinated Women—A Danish Nationwide Prospective Cohort Study
by Line Fich, Ann-Marie Hellerung Christiansen, Kathrine Vauvert R. Hviid, Anna J. M. Aabakke, Eva Hoffmann, Andreas Ingham, Joaquim Ollé-López, Judith Bello-Rodríguez, Helle Gybel Juul-Larsen, Louise Kelstrup, Kathrine Perslev, Tine Dalsgaard Clausen, Line Rode, Christina Vinter, Gitte Hedermann, Marianne Jenlev Vestgaard, Richard Farlie, Anne Sørensen, Iben Sundtoft, Anne Cathrine Godtfredsen, Lars Winter Burmester, Johanna Lindman, Elin Rosenbek Severinsen, Caroline Elisabeth Kann, Christine Bo Hansen, Mette Marie Babiel Schmidt Petersen, Pia Egerup, Anne Zedeler, Amalie Dyhrberg Boje, Marie-Louise Mathilde Friis Bertelsen, Lisbeth Prætorius, Aidan Grundtvig Kristensen, Finn Stener Jørgensen, Henrik Westh, Henrik L. Jørgensen, Nina la Cour Freiesleben and Henriette Svarre Nielsenadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(6), 2533; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26062533 - 12 Mar 2025
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Abstract
Passive maternal-fetal transfer of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies has been demonstrated, whilst the degree of transfer depending on the trimester of infection is lacking. Due to neonates’ immature immune systems, this knowledge could be of interest when investigating the [...] Read more.
Passive maternal-fetal transfer of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies has been demonstrated, whilst the degree of transfer depending on the trimester of infection is lacking. Due to neonates’ immature immune systems, this knowledge could be of interest when investigating the degree of early-life protection against SARS-CoV-2. For perinatal infections such as Rubella and Toxoplasmosis, the timing of infection related to gestational age is crucial for the severity of maternal-fetal outcomes; hence, the trimester of SARS-CoV-2 infection could potentially be crucial. So far, there is no stratification on all three trimesters of SARS-CoV-2 infection in relation to maternal antibody levels in SARS-CoV-2 positive women, and the degree of transfer of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies to the newborn nor on obstetric and neonatal outcomes, which we examined in this study. Eleven departments in Denmark invited women who tested SARS-CoV-2 positive during pregnancy to participate with a blood sample and a cord blood sample at delivery. 459 SARS-CoV-2 positive women and 2567 SARS-CoV-2 negative women were included. A percentage of 87.5%, 95.3%, and 60.3% of newborns of women who tested positive in their first, second, and third trimester, respectively, had a significantly higher immunoglobin G (IgG) antibody level than their mother at delivery, indicating that the fetus is able to concentrate antibody levels or maintain the level of IgG antibodies transferred. None of the examined maternal-fetal outcomes were increased in women infected with SARS-CoV-2. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Viral Infection in Pregnancy)
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10 pages, 1625 KiB  
Brief Report
Oxidative Stress Enhances Rubella Virus Infection in Immortalized Human First-Trimester Trophoblasts
by Quang Duy Trinh, Kazuhide Takada, Ngan Thi Kim Pham, Chika Takano, Takahiro Namiki, Shun Ito, Yoshinori Takeda, Shoko Okitsu, Hiroshi Ushijima, Satoshi Hayakawa and Shihoko Komine-Aizawa
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(3), 1041; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26031041 - 25 Jan 2025
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Abstract
Rubella infection (RuV) during early pregnancy is a known cause of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). However, the mechanisms by which the virus crosses the placenta and infects the fetus are not fully understood. It has been known that various kinds of cell stresses [...] Read more.
Rubella infection (RuV) during early pregnancy is a known cause of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). However, the mechanisms by which the virus crosses the placenta and infects the fetus are not fully understood. It has been known that various kinds of cell stresses can occur during the placenta formation. Previously, we demonstrated that low-glucose-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress could drastically enhance RuV infection in immortalized human first-trimester trophoblast cells. In this study, we investigated the roles of oxidative stress in RuV infection in these cells. Oxidative stress was induced in Swan.71 cells by culturing them in medium containing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in various concentrations and durations (50 µM or 100 µM for 24 h, or 150 µM for 1 h). RuV infection with a clinical strain was performed 24 h post-treatment, and capsid proteins were visualized at 24 and 48 h post-infection (hpi) using flow cytometry (FCM) and fluorescence microscopy (IF), respectively. The findings demonstrated that oxidative stress significantly enhanced RuV infection, as evidenced by FCM analysis, showing a twofold increase in infection rate, and confirmed by IF assay. Additionally, significantly increased intracellular viral replication was observed at 3 dpi. These findings suggest that oxidative stress during early pregnancy may promote the maternal-to-fetal transmission of rubella, contributing to the development of CRS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Viral Infection in Pregnancy)
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