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Cardiovascular Diseases: Histopathological and Molecular Diagnostics

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A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 July 2024 | Viewed by 2617

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Simona Gurzu

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Guest Editor

George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, 310377 Targu-Mures, Romania
Interests: cancer biology; GI cancer; molecular biology of cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to present a collection of manuscripts referring to the approach to cardiovascular disorders, focusing on histological, biochemical and molecular research. We intend to realize a transdisciplinary issue and to prove that the new era in cardiology open gates for pathologists and molecular specialists. Original research, extremely rare cases with extensive review of the literature and review-type papers which are focused on cardiovascular pathology and pathophysiology, from experimental to clinical studies, are welcome. If the authors used in silico analysis or public gene databases in their manuscripts, external validation is mandatory. Your individual contribution might be useful for a new perspective on cardiovascular diseases, based on data obtained after performing in vivo or in vitro experiments, or histological, immunohistochemical and other examinations performed in clinical practice.

Prof. Dr. Simona Gurzu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 4891 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Histopathological Gap in Aortic Diseases: A Prospective Analysis

by Cosmin Marian Banceu, Simona Gurzu, Catalin-Bogdan Satala, Dana Ghiga, Mihai Halic Neamtu, Vladimir Voth, Markus Liebrich and Horatiu Suciu

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(20), 15470; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242015470 - 23 Oct 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 758

Abstract

Aortic dissection (AD) is a critical cardiovascular condition with the potential for devastating consequences. This study evaluated the histological changes in the aorta wall in patients with AD and aortic aneurysm (AA) who received surgical aortic replacement. Histopathological data showed that modifications of the media layer (p = 0.0197), myxomatous aspect (p = 0.0001), and subendothelial layer degeneration (p = 0.0107) were more frequently seen in AA versus AD samples. Patients with AA were approximately twice as likely to develop histological changes than those with AD (p = 0.0037). Patients with moderate or severe medial degeneration had a higher chance of developing AD (p = 0.0001). Because the histopathological score proved to be a predictor of both in-hospital and overall mortality, its evaluation should become the standard of care in any patients who undergo aortic replacement. Individualized postoperative management might be influenced by the histopathological aspect of the aortic layer. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiovascular Diseases: Histopathological and Molecular Diagnostics)

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13 pages, 990 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

Remodeling of Cardiomyocytes: Study of Morphological Cellular Changes Preceding Symptomatic Ischemic Heart Failure

by Milda Kuprytė, Vaiva Lesauskaitė, Vytenis Keturakis, Vitalija Bunevičienė, Lina Utkienė, Lina Jusienė and Dalia Pangonytė

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(19), 14557; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914557 - 26 Sep 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 789

Abstract

Although major pathogenesis mechanisms of heart failure (HF) are well established, the significance of early (mal)adaptive structural changes of cardiomyocytes preceding symptomatic ischemic HF remains ambiguous. The aim of this study is to present the morphological characterization of changes in cardiomyocytes and their reorganization of intermediate filaments during remodeling preceding symptomatic ischemic HF in an adult human heart. A total of 84 myocardial tissue samples from middle-left heart ventricular segments were analyzed histomorphometrically and immunohistochemically, observing the cardiomyocyte’s size, shape, and desmin expression changes in the remodeling process: Stage A of HF, Stage B of HF, and Stages C/D of HF groups (ACC/AHA classification). Values p < 0.05 were considered significant. The cellular length, diameter, and volume of Stage A of HF increased predominantly by the diameter vs. the control group (p < 0.001) and continued to increase in Stage B of HF in a similar pattern (p < 0.001), increasing even more in the C/D Stages of HF predominantly by length (p < 0.001). Desmin expression was increased in Stage A of HF vs. the control group (p < 0.001), whereas it was similar in Stages A and B of HF (p > 0.05), and most intense in Stages C/D of HF (p < 0.001). Significant morphological changes of cardiomyocytes and their cytoskeletal reorganization were observed during the earliest remodeling events preceding symptomatic ischemic HF. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiovascular Diseases: Histopathological and Molecular Diagnostics)

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9 pages, 32940 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

The Importance of Aortic Valve Bicuspid Phenotype in Valvular Evolution in Pediatric Patients: A Case Report and Literature Mini-Review

by Amalia Făgărășan, Simona Gurzu, Catalin-Bogdan Satala and Asmaa Carla Hagău

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(18), 14027; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241814027 - 13 Sep 2023

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Abstract

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most commonly encountered congenital malformation in the pediatric population, associated with aortic leaflet degeneration and aortopathy. However, studies on BAV and its complications in children are limited. We present the case of a 16-year-old with type 1B BAV with a raphe with fusion between the right and non-coronary cusps who exhibited severe aortic stenosis, regurgitation, and progressive dilatation of the ascending aorta. Surgical intervention, including aortic valve and aortic root replacement, was performed due to the patient’s deteriorating condition. Histopathological examination revealed degenerative changes and calcifications in the aortic valve and mucoid fibrosis in the ascending aorta. The results are consistent with BAV patients being predisposed to aortic stenosis and regurgitation due to increased mechanical stress and hemodynamic abnormalities. Although more common in adults and a rare complication in pediatric patients, calcification was previously observed concurrently with rapid valve degeneration in our daily practice. Further studies are needed to improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying BAV-related complications and refine treatment strategies for pediatric patients. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiovascular Diseases: Histopathological and Molecular Diagnostics)

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