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Research Progress on the Mechanism and Treatment of Cardiomyopathy: Second Edition

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Guest Editor
Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02145, USA
Interests: inherited cardiomyopathies; heart failure; cardiac hypertrophy; gene expression; genetics; molecular biology; single cell transcriptomics; spatial transcriptomics; proteomics; metabolomics
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Heart failure is a growing public health problem worldwide that is usually attributable to alterations in cardiac muscle function due to cardiomyopathic processes. Cardiomyopathies have diverse origins, being inherited via gene dysfunction or acquired due to various systemic disorders that manifest in heart dysfunction. Consequently, the pathogenic and molecular mechanisms that promote cardiomyopathic dysfunction are diverse and extensive. Myocardial ischemia resulting from atherosclerotic disease is by far the most frequent cause of myocardial dysfunction, but metabolic, infectious, and inflammatory disorders are also known to result in cardiomyopathy. Alterations in transcription, signaling, mitochondrial function, metabolism, cellular architecture, immune cell function, autophagy, chaperone function and other processes have been implicated at the cellular and molecular levels. Strategies to treat cardiomyopathies range from treating the underlying causes to identifying general strategies for improving systolic and diastolic function. Understanding the mechanisms behind and treatments for various cardiomyopathies will provide wide-ranging insights into the mechanisms of cardiovascular homeostasis and provide opportunities for novel and improved therapeutic targeting.

Prof. Dr. Michael T. Chin
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • cardiomyopathy
  • heart failure
  • cardiac hypertrophy
  • dilated cardiomyopathy
  • restrictive cardiomyopathy
  • hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  • ischemic cardiomyopathy
  • viral cardiomyopathy
  • inherited cardiomyopathy

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

24 pages, 8284 KiB  
Article
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy-Associated CRYABR123W Activates Calcineurin, Reduces Calcium Sequestration, and Alters the CRYAB Interactome and the Proteomic Response to Pathological Hypertrophy
by Andres Thorkelsson, Chun Chou, Audrey Tripp, Samia A. Ali, Jonas Galper and Michael T. Chin
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(6), 2383; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26062383 - 7 Mar 2025
Viewed by 669
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiovascular condition in the world, affecting around 1 in 500 people. HCM is characterized by ventricular wall thickening, decreased ventricular chamber volume, and diastolic dysfunction. Inherited HCM is most commonly caused by sarcomere gene mutations; [...] Read more.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiovascular condition in the world, affecting around 1 in 500 people. HCM is characterized by ventricular wall thickening, decreased ventricular chamber volume, and diastolic dysfunction. Inherited HCM is most commonly caused by sarcomere gene mutations; however, approximately 50% of patients do not present with a known mutation, highlighting the need for further research into additional pathological mutations. The alpha-B crystallin (CRYAB) mutation CRYABR123W was previously identified as a novel sarcomere-independent mutation causing HCM associated with pathological NFAT signaling in the setting of pressure overload. We generated stable H9C2 cell lines expressing FLAG-tagged wild-type and mutant CRYAB, which demonstrated that CRYABR123W increases calcineurin activity. Using AlphaFold to predict structural and interaction changes, we generated a model where CRYABR123W uniquely binds to the autoinhibitory domain of calcineurin. Co-immunoprecipitation using the CRYAB FLAG tag followed by mass spectrometry showed novel and distinct changes in the protein interaction patterns of CRYABR123W. Finally, mouse heart extracts from our wild-type CRYAB and CRYABR123W models with and without pressure overload caused by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) were used in global proteomic and phosphoproteomic mass spectrometry analysis, which showed dysregulation in cytoskeletal, metabolomic, cardiac, and immune function. Our data illustrate how CRYABR123W drives calcineurin activation and exhibits distinct changes in protein interaction and cellular pathways during the development of HCM and pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Full article
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