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Molecular Mechanisms Governing Lipid Metabolism in Health and Disease

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2025 | Viewed by 369

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
Interests: metabolism; lipid metabolism; metabolic diseases; atherosclerosis; lipoproteins; lipids; cholesterol; lipid analysis; lipid biochemistry; NMR spectroscopy
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Lipid molecules are essential for several functional processes including energy homeostasis and maintaining cellular functions. Dysregulation of lipid metabolism is associated with various pathological conditions including cardiometabolic diseases, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and neurodegenerative disorders. Genetic and environmental-mediated factors contribute to lipid dysregulation via mechanisms that are not fully investigated. Regardless of the underlying etiologies, advanced diagnostic approaches for the early diagnosis, monitoring the response to therapy or selecting those treatments most likely to be efficacious or identify and stratify of high-risk individuals remains an urgent need. Personalized medicine approaches are needed to address the interplay between genetics and environmental factors in lipid metabolism. Omics technologies can provide a deeper insight into molecular pathophysiological processes that lead to the pathology of metabolic disorders, enhancing our understanding of its metabolic signature.

Dr. Christina E. Kostara
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • lipidomics
  • lipid biomarkers
  • lipid metabolism
  • cardiovascular disease
  • cardiometabolic diseases
  • non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
  • diabetes
  • lipoproteins
  • NMR spectroscopy
  • mass spectrometry

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 1903 KiB  
Article
Altered HDL Phospholipid and Fatty Acid Profile in MASLD: A Possible Explanation for the Increased CVD Risk
by Sofia Kartsoli, Christina E. Kostara, Athanasios Papathanasiou, Vasilis Tsimihodimos, Eleni T. Bairaktari and Dimitrios K. Christodoulou
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(13), 6148; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136148 - 26 Jun 2025
Viewed by 254
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has been consistently linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). HDL lipoproteins may serve as a possible link in this association through their hepatic synthesis and atheroprotective properties. Serum samples were collected from 51 MASLD patients [...] Read more.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has been consistently linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). HDL lipoproteins may serve as a possible link in this association through their hepatic synthesis and atheroprotective properties. Serum samples were collected from 51 MASLD patients (diagnosed by abdominal ultrasound), 40 with coronary artery disease, and 50 healthy controls. HDL lipid profiles were investigated by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy. Patients with MASLD exhibit an increased percentage of lysophosphatidylcholine and sphingolipid content, mainly due to increased ceramides, and a reduced percentage of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylinositol compared to controls. The % content of total and individual polyunsaturated fatty acids including linoleic, docosahexaenoic, eicosapentaenoic, and arachidonic acid was found to be reduced in patients with MASLD, while saturated fatty acid content was increased compared to the control group. These alterations in fatty acid composition were observed also in CAD patients compared to controls but were more pronounced in CAD patients. Compared to CAD patients, those with MASLD showed an increased content of sphingolipids, ceramides, and glycerolipids and a reduced content of phosphatidylinositol. Changes observed in the lipid composition of HDL lipoproteins in MASLD patients may impair the protective properties of HDL particles, contributing to increased CVD risk. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms Governing Lipid Metabolism in Health and Disease)
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