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Economic Analysis of Nuclear Energy

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "C: Energy Economics and Policy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 May 2025) | Viewed by 2423

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
Interests: nuclear reactor physics; nuclear reactor design; multi-physical method in nuclear reactor; safety analysis; economy evaluation

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
Interests: thermodynamic cycle; neutronics analysis; cost modeling and analysis of molten salt reactor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As global nuclear energy is ushering in a new construction boom, research and development technologies of next-generation reactors, such as molten salt reactors, metal-cooled fast reactors, and high temperature reactors, combined with small modular technologies and intelligent operation and maintenance technologies continue to break through, and new application scenarios and nuclear energy utilization modes are emerging. Thus, there is an increasing need to assess the economic viability of different nuclear energy forms. This Special Issue seeks to address this need by gathering high-quality research articles, reviews, and analyses that shed light on the economic benefits and challenges of nuclear power. Nuclear energy has long been a topic of debate due to its potential to generate significant amounts of power while also posing various environmental and safety concerns. Therefore, a thorough economic analysis of nuclear energy technology is imperative for reactor designer, policymakers, energy analysts, and industry stakeholders in making informed decisions.

The articles included in this Special Issue will provide in-depth examinations of the economic implications of nuclear energy technology, drawing on empirical data and advanced economic methodologies. It will also feature research articles, case studies, and reviews discussing cost theory models applicable to nuclear energy, along with the economic advantages and challenges associated with integrating nuclear energy into multi-energy systems.

The topics of the Special Issue include but are not limited to:

  • Nuclear plant cost-effectiveness assessments;
  • Economic modeling and theory of nuclear plant;
  • Economic benefits from modular technology;
  • Economic and cost analysis of nuclear fuel cycle and waste management;
  • Economic analysis of next-generation nuclear energy technologies;
  • Balance of economic benefits and small reactor safety criterion;
  • Economic comparison with other energy sources;
  • Economic review of nuclear plant;
  • Investment strategies;
  • Policy implications.

Dr. Guifeng Zhu
Dr. Guobin Jia
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nuclear reactor
  • economic analysis
  • cost theory model
  • multi-energy systems
  • investment appraisal
  • financial feasibility
  • modular technology
  • EROI

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 7069 KiB  
Article
Mechanics and Heat Transfer Design of Thorium Metal Target Protection Thin Film in Isotope Production in Gansu Province
by Yuqi Liu, Jianrong Zhang, Weiming Liu, Lidong Ma, Mengke Wang, Yaling Zhang, Lei Yang and Yangyang Yang
Energies 2025, 18(4), 928; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18040928 - 14 Feb 2025
Viewed by 541
Abstract
Isotopes are important strategic materials, and are irreplaceable and central to the fields of national defence, energy security, medical health, and scientific research. With the demonstrated efficacy of targeted alpha therapy using 225Ac, there is a pressing need to explore radiopharmaceuticals capable [...] Read more.
Isotopes are important strategic materials, and are irreplaceable and central to the fields of national defence, energy security, medical health, and scientific research. With the demonstrated efficacy of targeted alpha therapy using 225Ac, there is a pressing need to explore radiopharmaceuticals capable of delivering consistent and ample quantities of 225Ac. Isotope production in Gansu Province has initiated the production of 225Ac via bombardment of thorium metal with 480 MeV protons. To ensure the stability and safety of thorium targets under high-power beam conditions, this study proposes a novel packaging design for the protective layer of thorium targets, accompanied by detailed mechanical and thermal analyses. The study employs an Inconel 718 alloy as the film material for vacuum welding packaging, and simulates local displacement variations in the Inconel 718 film under different thicknesses, lengths, gaps, and flange fillet conditions. The optimal parameter settings that meet the design requirements are then determined. Additionally, beam energy deposition is assessed using Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP 6) neutron calculation software, while the heat transfer process is simulated with Fluent software to optimize the cooling mechanism, ensuring the stability and safety of the target material. The final design provides a theoretical foundation for isotope production targets in Gansu Province. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Economic Analysis of Nuclear Energy)
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17 pages, 6030 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Layout of Passive Safety Systems When the Spent Fuel Pool Is Built in the Containment
by Zhenjie Gu, Xiaopan Jia and Jincheng Su
Energies 2025, 18(4), 906; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18040906 - 13 Feb 2025
Viewed by 647
Abstract
The Spent Fuel Pool (SFP) is part of the fuel handling and storage system and is generally arranged in an independent building on the Nuclear Island (NI) of Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs). According to the HAF102—Safety Regulations for Nuclear Power Plants Design, it [...] Read more.
The Spent Fuel Pool (SFP) is part of the fuel handling and storage system and is generally arranged in an independent building on the Nuclear Island (NI) of Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs). According to the HAF102—Safety Regulations for Nuclear Power Plants Design, it is necessary to ensure the smooth implementation of the safety functions of the SFP under various operating conditions. If the SFP is arranged inside containment, its protection requirements for external events will be significantly reduced, but new requirements will be raised for accident response measures inside containment, namely, that the system performs safety functions to ensure the long-term cooling of both the reactor core and spent fuel components. The reactor type that employs passive principles to realize the above functions requires a reasonable design of the layout of the Passive Safety System (PSS) to ensure nuclear safety. Based on existing reactor schemes, this article analyzes the design of a full-range passive concept for these reactors with an SFP built-in containment. The main focus of this article is on the long-term natural circulation process of PSS in containment under conditions of hypothetical accidents, and the arrangement of system items. Conceptual plans for the operation and layout of the safety system are obtained, which can provide references for the research and design of NPPs with SFP built-in containment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Economic Analysis of Nuclear Energy)
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26 pages, 9559 KiB  
Article
Thermodynamic Analysis and Optimization of Mobile Nuclear System
by Guobin Jia, Guifeng Zhu, Yuwen Ma, Jingen Chen and Yang Zou
Energies 2025, 18(1), 113; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18010113 - 30 Dec 2024
Viewed by 600
Abstract
This paper develops a system–component integrated design method for a closed Brayton cycle in a nuclear-powered emergency power vehicle, optimizing the thermodynamic performance by varying the maximum operating temperature and pressure, minimum operating temperature, helium–xenon gas molar mass, and PCHE parameters to maximize [...] Read more.
This paper develops a system–component integrated design method for a closed Brayton cycle in a nuclear-powered emergency power vehicle, optimizing the thermodynamic performance by varying the maximum operating temperature and pressure, minimum operating temperature, helium–xenon gas molar mass, and PCHE parameters to maximize the specific power and thermal efficiency. The key results are as follows: (1) The maximum allowable pressure decreases with the temperature, and the specific power increases for both the SRC and the IRC without considering the ultimate heat sink. (2) The PCHE weight is minimized at a helium–xenon gas molar mass of 25 g/mol, while the turbomachine’s weight decreases with an increasing molar mass, leading to an overall system weight reduction. (3) The thermal efficiency decreases with lower minimum operating temperatures, optimizing at 350 K due to a precooler weight increase. (4) The thermal efficiency plateaus after a certain number of PCHE channels, with the recuperator effectiveness significantly impacting the performance. (5) The SRC, with a specific power and a thermal efficiency of 194.38 kW/kg and 39.19%, is preferred over the IRC for the SIMONS due to its mobility and rapid deployment. This study offers a comprehensive analysis for optimizing closed Brayton cycle systems in emergency power applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Economic Analysis of Nuclear Energy)
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