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Blue and Green Hydrogen Production
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Blue and Green Hydrogen Production

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "B2: Clean Energy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 13282

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Huaqing Xie

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
Interests: energy conversion and clean utilization; energy conservation theory and technology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Hui Zhou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Interests: biomass/waste utilization; carbon capture and conversion; renewable hydrogen production and storage; heterogeneous catalysis in energy conversion reactions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Bo Jiang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Interests: hydrogen energy; heterogeneous catalysis; thermocatalysis; chemical reaction engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Kun Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
Interests: intersection of engineering thermophysics and data science; energy conversion and clean utilization
Dr. Kun Xin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5644 Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Interests: sorption-enhanced water-gas shift (SEWGS) process for pre-combustion CO2 capture and hydrogen production
Dr. Zongliang Zuo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
Interests: coal or biomass gasification; hydrogen production by waste heat recovery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fossil fuels continue to dominate global energy consumption. However, non-renewable fossil fuels cause severe environmental problems, especially carbon dioxide emissions. Thus, the exploitation of a new energetic and clean energy with abundant reserves is urgently needed. As a clean and high-heat-value energy, hydrogen is popular, and the future is even considered to be the “hydrogen age”. However, most hydrogen is now produced from fossil fuels via reforming, gasification, etc., commonly accompanied by carbon dioxide emissions. This type of hydrogen is also called “grey hydrogen”.  As CO2 capture technology develops, it is gradually being applied to the hydrogen production process from fossil fuels; such hydrogen is called “blue hydrogen”.  No doubt, “green hydrogen” will dominate in the future because it does not rely on fossil fuels but is mainly produced from new energy, such as solar energy, wind power, and biomass. Moreover, hydrogen storage, transportation and application technologies will also become the focus of attention in the future.

To keep track of the topical achievements made in this field, the Special Issue entitled “Blue and Green Hydrogen Production” was created in the peer-reviewed open access journal Energies (IF: 3.252). This Special Issue covers original research and studies related to the theory, design, modelling, and equipment of all types of hydrogen production, conversion, storage, and application.

We would like to invite you to submit your work to this Special Issue. We look forward to receiving your original research and studies.

Dr. Huaqing Xie
Dr. Hui Zhou
Dr. Bo Jiang
Dr. Kun Wang
Dr. Kun Xin
Dr. Zongliang Zuo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • solar hydrogen and renewable hydrogen
  • electrolysis and electrolyzer
  • bio hydrogen and bio gasification
  • carbon dioxide capture
  • chemical looping hydrogen production
  • chemical carriers and hydrides
  • hydrogen production and delivery
  • catalysts and hydrogen storage
  • fuel cell technology
  • hydrogen systems modelling
  • infrastructure systems modelling
  • transportation and aerospace applications

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4131 KiB  
Article
Numerical Investigation on Heat Transfer and Flow Resistance Characteristics of Superheater in Hydrocracking Heat Recovery Steam Generator
by Danfeng Zhang, Xin Wang, Liang Zhao, Huaqing Xie, Chen Guo, Feizhou Qian, Hui Dong and Yun Hu
Energies 2023, 16(17), 6266; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16176266 - 29 Aug 2023
Viewed by 997
Abstract
The heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) was utilized to recover the waste heat resources of the catalyst’s regenerated gas with the objective to reduce the energy consumption of the hydrocracking process. In this study, the flow resistance and heat transfer performance of the [...] Read more.
The heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) was utilized to recover the waste heat resources of the catalyst’s regenerated gas with the objective to reduce the energy consumption of the hydrocracking process. In this study, the flow resistance and heat transfer performance of the superheater tube bundles in the hydrocracking HRSG were investigated via numerical simulation. The performance evaluation criterion (PEC1) was applied to characterize the comprehensive heat transfer performance of superheater tube bundles. The results showed that as the transverse tube pitch increased, the Nusselt number (Nu) showed a monotonically increasing trend, the Euler number (Eu) showed a monotonically decreasing trend, and PEC1 showed a monotonically increasing trend. As the longitudinal tube pitch increased, Nu exhibited a monotonically increasing trend, Eu showed a monotonically decreasing trend, and PEC1 showed a monotonically increasing trend. In the scope of the simulated results, as the transverse and longitudinal tube pitches were 110 mm and 95 mm, respectively, PEC1 reached the maximum value. Compared with the primary structural parameters, PEC1 increased by 2.32% and 8.50%, respectively. Finally, a new correlation was proposed to predict Nu and Eu of the superheater tube bundles in the hydrocracking HRSG. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Blue and Green Hydrogen Production)
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12 pages, 3477 KiB  
Article
Catalytic Pyrolysis of Waste Bicycle Tires and Engine Oil to Produce Limonene
by Junzhi Wang, Xinjiang Dong, Zongliang Zuo and Siyi Luo
Energies 2023, 16(11), 4351; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16114351 - 26 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1052
Abstract
NaOH, dolomite and NiCl2 were used as catalysts to examine their effects on co–pyrolysis with waste bicycle tires (WT) and waste engine oil (WEO). The pyrolysis behaviors with catalysts were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. The activation energy of the catalytic main reaction [...] Read more.
NaOH, dolomite and NiCl2 were used as catalysts to examine their effects on co–pyrolysis with waste bicycle tires (WT) and waste engine oil (WEO). The pyrolysis behaviors with catalysts were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. The activation energy of the catalytic main reaction stage was derived by the Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) method under four different heating rates conditions. The calculations show that all three catalysts can reduce the activation energy of the reaction. Co–pyrolysis of WT and WEO with different catalysts was performed in a self–made lab bench at 600 °C to explore the impact on the distribution of three–phase products. The properties of gas and oil products were characterized by FTIR and Py–GC/MS (Agilent 7890B, Santa Clara, CA, USA). With the mixing of catalysts, activation energy (Eα) decreased by 15–30% in the main reaction process. NaOH and dolomite increased the yield of gas by 7% and 10%. NaOH can significantly improve the yield of CH4. The proportion of limonene in pyrolysis oil increased to 19.65% with 10% NaOH. This article provides a new method for efficiently producing limonene by mixing WT and WEO with NaOH. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Blue and Green Hydrogen Production)
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19 pages, 2107 KiB  
Article
Alternative Energy and CO2 Emission in China: Evidence from Bounds Testing and Vector Error Correction Model Approach
by Hai Tao, Hailin Mu, Nan Li and Peng Wang
Energies 2023, 16(8), 3436; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16083436 - 13 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1089
Abstract
This empirical study investigates the dynamic interconnection between fossil fuel consumption, alternative energy consumption, economic growth and carbon emissions in China over the 1981 to 2020 time period within a multivariate framework. The long-term relationships between the sequences are determined through the application [...] Read more.
This empirical study investigates the dynamic interconnection between fossil fuel consumption, alternative energy consumption, economic growth and carbon emissions in China over the 1981 to 2020 time period within a multivariate framework. The long-term relationships between the sequences are determined through the application of the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds test and augmented by the Johansen maximum likelihood procedure. The causal relationships between the variables are tested with the Granger causality technique based on the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Empirical results reveal the existence of a statistically significant negative relationship between alternative energy consumption and carbon emissions in the long-term equilibrium. Furthermore, the VECM results demonstrate that both carbon emissions and fossil fuel consumption have unidirectional effects on economic growth. Additionally, the study highlights a short-term unidirectional causal relationship from economic growth to alternative energy consumption. These findings suggest that a reduction in fossil fuel consumption in the short run may indirectly impede the development of alternative energy. The study proposes that China should expedite the development of alternative energy and control the expansion of fossil fuel consumption to attain its carbon reduction target without hindering economic growth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Blue and Green Hydrogen Production)
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23 pages, 616 KiB  
Article
Green Hydrogen and Energy Transition: Current State and Prospects in Portugal
by Diego Bairrão, João Soares, José Almeida, John F. Franco and Zita Vale
Energies 2023, 16(1), 551; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16010551 - 3 Jan 2023
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 7179
Abstract
Hydrogen is a promising commodity, a renewable secondary energy source, and feedstock alike, to meet greenhouse gas emissions targets and promote economic decarbonization. A common goal pursued by many countries, the hydrogen economy receives a blending of public and private capital. After European [...] Read more.
Hydrogen is a promising commodity, a renewable secondary energy source, and feedstock alike, to meet greenhouse gas emissions targets and promote economic decarbonization. A common goal pursued by many countries, the hydrogen economy receives a blending of public and private capital. After European Green Deal, state members created national policies focused on green hydrogen. This paper presents a study of energy transition considering green hydrogen production to identify Portugal’s current state and prospects. The analysis uses energy generation data, hydrogen production aspects, CO2 emissions indicators and based costs. A comprehensive simulation estimates the total production of green hydrogen related to the ratio of renewable generation in two different scenarios. Then a comparison between EGP goals and Portugal’s transport and energy generation prospects is made. Portugal has an essential renewable energy matrix that supports green hydrogen production and allows for meeting European green hydrogen 2030–2050 goals. Results suggest that promoting the conversion of buses and trucks into H2-based fuel is better for CO2 reduction. On the other hand, given energy security, thermoelectric plants fueled by H2 are the best option. The aggressive scenario implies at least 5% more costs than the moderate scenario, considering economic aspects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Blue and Green Hydrogen Production)
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13 pages, 2006 KiB  
Article
Study on the Adsorption Properties and Mechanisms of CO on Nickel Surfaces Based on Density Functional Theory
by Kun Wang, Kunlun Li and Fuqing Wang
Energies 2023, 16(1), 525; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16010525 - 3 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1751
Abstract
In this work, the adsorption of CO onto the surface of the transition metal Ni at different coverage levels was explored based on the density functional theory (DFT). The corresponding periodic slab plate models were established, and the adsorption parameters and CO electronic [...] Read more.
In this work, the adsorption of CO onto the surface of the transition metal Ni at different coverage levels was explored based on the density functional theory (DFT). The corresponding periodic slab plate models were established, and the adsorption parameters and CO electronic states on different nickel surfaces under different coverage (0.11 mL, 0.25 mL and 0.5 mL) were calculated. The results showed that the most stable adsorption sites on Ni (111) and Ni (100) crystal surfaces were valley sites, while the most stable adsorption sites on a Ni (110) surface was a short bridge site. By comparing the energy of the same adsorption sites, it was found that the adsorption of CO on a Ni (100) crystal surface was superior to the other two surfaces. Furtherly, from the perspective of the electronic structure, the density of states (DOSs) of Ni atoms and CO molecules were calculated before and after adsorption. The density of states showed that the main factor of surface adsorption generation originates from hybridization among the orbitals. This article provides insight into the mechanisms of the nickel adsorption of CO. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Blue and Green Hydrogen Production)
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