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Research on Power Transformers, Power Cable, High Voltage and Insulation...
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Research on Power Transformers, Power Cable, High Voltage and Insulation Technology

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F1: Electrical Power System".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 26 December 2025 | Viewed by 403

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Xuetong Zhao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
Interests: power transformer; power cable; high-voltage; insulating materials; dielectric physics; energy storage materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to present and disseminate the latest research developments in the field of diagnostics, condition monitoring, and aging assessment of electrical power equipment, with a particular focus on insulation systems and fault detection mechanisms. Ensuring the reliable operation of key assets such as transformers, HVDC cables, converters, circuit breakers, and other components in modern power grids requires advanced tools for real-time monitoring and early fault identification.

We welcome contributions addressing novel methods in condition assessment, electrical insulation diagnostics, and degradation modelling, as well as studies applying artificial intelligence and image and signal processing techniques to detect, localize, and classify faults. Research that explores new trends in DC diagnostics, especially for emerging HVDC systems, and simulation-based approaches to study insulation behavior under complex operating stresses, is also encouraged.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Condition monitoring and diagnostics of electrical power equipment;
  • Aging and degradation assessment of electrical power equipment;
  • Diagnostics and monitoring of electrical insulation;
  • Emerging diagnostics methods;
  • Simulation of power equipment;
  • Methods in diagnostics of electrical insulation;
  • Application of signal, image processing and artificial intelligence to diagnostics of electrical insulation;
  • DC Diagnostics, i.e., methods for monitoring electrical insulation in HVDC grids, cables, transformers, converters, breakers, substations, lines, insulators, etc.

Prof. Dr. Xuetong Zhao
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fault diagnostics
  • power transformers
  • power cable
  • oil-paper insulation
  • simulation
  • detection technology and methods

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 3215 KB  
Article
A Study on the Optimization Design of Power System Winding Structure Equipment Based on NSGA-II
by Xuelei Wang, Longlong Li, Jian Wang, Qingdong Zhu, Zhaoliang Gu and Mengzhao Zhu
Energies 2025, 18(18), 5001; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18185001 - 20 Sep 2025
Viewed by 210
Abstract
As a key component for maintaining the efficient and stable operation of flexible DC transmission systems, the arm reactor often suffers from uneven loss distribution and localized overheating in its windings due to the superimposed AC and DC currents, which adversely affects its [...] Read more.
As a key component for maintaining the efficient and stable operation of flexible DC transmission systems, the arm reactor often suffers from uneven loss distribution and localized overheating in its windings due to the superimposed AC and DC currents, which adversely affects its operational lifespan. Furthermore, arm reactors are frequently deployed in offshore environments for long-distance, high-capacity power transmission, imposing additional requirements on energy utilization efficiency and seismic resistance. To address these challenges, this study proposes an optimization design method for arm reactors based on a triple-constraint mechanism of “equal resistive voltage–equal loss density–equal encapsulation temperature rise,” aiming to achieve “low loss–low temperature rise–low weight.” First, an equivalent electromagnetic model of the arm reactor under combined AC and DC operating conditions is established to analytically calculate the self- and mutual-inductance-distribution characteristics between winding layers and the loss distribution across windings. The calculated losses are then applied as heat sources in a fluid–thermal coupling method to compute the temperature field of the arm reactor. Next, leveraging a Kriging surrogate model to capture the relationship between the winding temperature rise in the bridge-arm reactor and the loss density, encapsulation width, encapsulation height, and air duct width, the revised analytical expression reduces the temperature rise error from 43.74% to 11.47% compared with the traditional empirical formula. Finally, the triple-constraint mechanism of “equal resistive voltage–equal loss density–equal encapsulation temperature rise” is proposed to balance interlayer current distribution, suppress total loss generation, and limit localized hotspot formation. A prototype constructed based on the optimized design demonstrates a 44.51% reduction in total loss, a 39.66% decrease in hotspot temperature rise, and a 24.83% reduction in mass while maintaining rated inductance, validating the effectiveness of the proposed design algorithm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Power Transformers, Power Cable, High Voltage and Insulation Technology)
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