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Electronics
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Textile and Wearable Antennas
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Textile and Wearable Antennas

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Microwave and Wireless Communications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2022) | Viewed by 8275

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Melina P. Ioannidou

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Guest Editor
Department of Information and Electronic Engineering , International Hellenic University, GR-57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: wireless communications; antenna design and development; electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation and scattering; EM modeling; EM field exposure
Dr. Ioannis O. Vardiambasis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electronic Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University‎, 73133 Chania, Greece
Interests: antennas; electromagnetic wave propagation, radiation and scattering; microwave communications; wearable technology; waveguides; neural networks; artificial intelligence; biological effects of electromagnetic fields; boundary value problems; internet of things (IoT); sensors.
Prof. Dr. Nikolaos V. Kantartzis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: electromagnetic compatibility; computational electromagnetics; metamaterials/metasurfaces; graphene; nanostructures; antennas; microwave structures; wireless power transfer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of textile and wearable antennas has drawn strong interest over the last years. Emergent concepts, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G, demand a smart interface between humans and technology; textile antennas are ideal candidates for the above interface since they may be easily integrated into clothing. They possess many advantages, such as low profile, light weight and flexibility; they also offer the possibility of mass production and the implementation of customized designs, such as logos. However, their design and fabrication may be a challenging task, since it requires novel ideas and solutions; some of the issues that should be addressed are the demand for miniaturization and stable behavior under bending conditions, the mechanical robustness of the textile technology, the repeatability of the fabrication process, and the gain enhancement, as well as the efficient mitigation of any undesired electromagnetic compatibility and interference (EMC/EMI) issues attributed to their operation. The applications of textile and wearable antennas are countless, including, among others, healthcare, telemedicine and microwave thermometry, future smartwatches and smart phones, radio frequency identification (RFID), wireless on-body networks, intra-body communications, and miniaturized wearable electronics. 

This Special Issue invites researchers to submit original research articles as well as review articles that focus on topics that include but are not limited to: innovative design and fabrication methods of textile and wearable antennas, state of the art materials for the implementation of such antennas, miniaturization, optimization and integration techniques, novel measurement techniques for performance extraction in a real environment, EMC/EMI considerations, Electromagnetic (EM) modelling, human body interaction, SAR analysis and EM dosimetry.

Dr. Melina P. Ioannidou
Dr. Ioannis O. Vardiambasis
Prof. Dr. Nikolaos V. Kantartzis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Electronics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • conductive threads
  • body-centric communications
  • body-worn antennas
  • electrotextiles (e-textiles)
  • embroidered antennas
  • internet of wearable things
  • metamaterial wearable antennas
  • miniaturized wearable electronics
  • on-body communication antenna systems
  • radio-frequency identification (rfid) antennas
  • smart clothing
  • textile antennas
  • wireless body-area networks

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

26 pages, 7136 KiB  
Article
Wearable Textile Antenna with a Graphene Sheet or Conductive Fabric Patch for the 2.45 GHz Band
by Theodoros N. Kapetanakis, Christos D. Nikolopoulos, Konstantinos Petridis and Ioannis O. Vardiambasis
Electronics 2021, 10(21), 2571; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10212571 - 21 Oct 2021
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3098
Abstract
Textile patch antennas of simple rectangular, triangular, and circular shape, for operation in the 2.4–2.5 GHz free industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band, are designed in this paper. Thirty-six patch antenna prototypes have been fabricated by engaging different patch geometries, patch materials, and [...] Read more.
Textile patch antennas of simple rectangular, triangular, and circular shape, for operation in the 2.4–2.5 GHz free industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band, are designed in this paper. Thirty-six patch antenna prototypes have been fabricated by engaging different patch geometries, patch materials, and substrate materials. Each patch antenna is designed after optimization by a genetic algorithm, which evolves the initial dimensions and feeding position of the prototype’s microstrip counterpart to the final optimal geometrical characteristics of the wearable prototype (with the originally selected shape and materials). The impact of the design and fabrication details on antenna performance were thoroughly investigated. Graphene sheet patches were tested against conductive fabric and copper sheet ones, while denim and felt textile substrates were competing. The comparative study between a large number of different graphene, all, and copper textile prototypes, which revealed the excellent suitability of graphene for wearable applications, is the main contribution of this paper. Additional novelty elements are the compact, flexible, and easy-to-fabricate structure of the proposed antennas, as well as the use of state-of-the-art conductive materials and commercially available fabrics and the extensive investigation of many prototypes in various bending conditions. Simulations and measurements of the proposed antennas are in very good agreement. All fabricated prototypes are characterized by flexibility, light weight, mechanical stability, resistance to shock, bending and vibrations, unhindered integration to clothes, low-cost implementation, simple, time-saving, and industry-compatible fabrication process, and low specific absorption rate (SAR) values (computed using rectangular and voxel models); the graphene prototypes are additionally resistant to corrosion, and the circular ones have very good performance under bending conditions. Many antenna prototypes demonstrate interesting characteristics, such as relatively wide bandwidth, adequate gain, firm radiation patterns, coverage of the ISM band even under bending, and very low SAR values. For example, the circular graphene patch (with 55.3 mm diameter attached upon a 165.9 × 165.9 mm) felt substrate CGsF1 prototype accomplishes 109 MHz measured bandwidth, 5.45 dBi gain, 56% efficiency, full coverage of the ISM band under bending, and SAR less than 0.003 W/Kg. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Textile and Wearable Antennas)
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13 pages, 2969 KiB  
Article
Electrical Characterization of Conductive Threads for Textile Electronics
by Adrian K. Stavrakis, Mitar Simić and Goran M. Stojanović
Electronics 2021, 10(8), 967; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10080967 - 19 Apr 2021
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3864
Abstract
In recent years, advancements in technology are constantly driving the miniaturization of electronic devices, not only in the renowned domain of Internet-of-Things but also in other fields such as that of flexible and textile electronics. As the latter forms a great ecosystem for [...] Read more.
In recent years, advancements in technology are constantly driving the miniaturization of electronic devices, not only in the renowned domain of Internet-of-Things but also in other fields such as that of flexible and textile electronics. As the latter forms a great ecosystem for new devices, that could be functional such as heating garments or sensory, many suppliers have already started producing and bringing to market conductive threads that can be used by researchers and the mass public for their work. However, to date, no extensive characterization has been carried out with respect to the electrical performance of such threads and that is what this article is aiming to amend. Four commercially available threads by two different suppliers were put under test, to establish their limitations in terms of maximum power handling, both continuous and instantaneous. They were subsequently examined at a microscopic scale as well, to verify any potential caveats in their design, and any hidden limitations. A preliminary profile for each of the four threads was successfully established. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Textile and Wearable Antennas)
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