Emerging Wireless Vehicular Communications

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Microwave and Wireless Communications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 9865

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Instituto de Telecomunicações, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
Interests: vehicular communications; dependable systems; real-time communications; fault tolerance; intelligent transportation systems; distributed embedded systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Instituto de Telecomunicações, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3010-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Interests: cooperative, connected and automated mobility; wireless vehicular communications; dependable systems and networks; renewable energy communities; decentralized power systems; P2P energy transactions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cooperative connected and automated mobility (CCAM), characterized by the interconnection and digitization of all road users and roadside infrastructure, has seen massive research, standardization, and development efforts over the last decade toward safer, efficient, and environmentally friendly road transportation. While initial efforts focused on the development of the basic network infrastructure to enable communication between vehicles and road infrastructure, current R&D efforts toward automated driving are mostly centered on the vehicles’ sensors, as no automated actions are currently made based on data received from other vehicles or from the road infrastructure. However, cooperative perception, fostered by wireless vehicular communications, will have a strong impact on decision making and can be crucial, not only for coordinated maneuvers, such as, for example, lane merging and takeover, but also for the integration of automated vehicles within the intelligent transportation ecosystems, with automated vehicles communicating and cooperating with legacy vehicles, trams, bicycles, pedestrians, etc.  

Dependable wireless vehicular communications, either based on radio or on visible light technologies, are thus fundamental building blocks of the forthcoming visionary applications of CCAM. To this end, regulatory entities, automotive OEMs, road operators, telecom operators, and other stakeholders are converging to deploy large-scale infrastructures and field trials to validate such technologies.

Hence, the purpose of this Special Issue is to publish high-quality research from both academic and industrial stakeholders and serve as an outlet for disseminating recent breakthroughs in emerging wireless vehicular communication technologies and applications. Original, high-quality contributions that are not yet published, submitted or not currently under review by other journals or peer-reviewed conferences are sought.

The topics of interest include but are not limited to:

  • ESTI ITS-G5, IEEE 1609, C-V2X, 5G NR V2X, IEEE 802.11bd;
  • Emerging security paradigms;
  • Dual function radar communications;
  • Visible light communications;
  • Beyond 5G technologies;
  • Physical layer security;
  • Network slicing and orchestration;
  • Ultra-reliable low-latency and real-time communications;
  • Fault-tolerant communications;
  • Security, privacy, and trust issues;
  • Hybrid communications;
  • Standardization issues;
  • Modelling tools;
  • Channel models;
  • Field trials and lessons learned.

Dr. Joaquim Ferreira
Dr. João Almeida
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 6743 KiB  
Article
Performance Assessment of Collective Perception Service Supported by the Roadside Infrastructure
by Marco Correia, João Almeida, Paulo C. Bartolomeu, José A. Fonseca and Joaquim Ferreira
Electronics 2022, 11(3), 347; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11030347 - 24 Jan 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2611
Abstract
To mitigate road-related problems such as safety and traffic congestion, the evolution towards cooperative communicating technologies and autonomous systems is considered a solution to overcome human physical limitations and the limited perception horizon of on-board sensors. This paper describes the implementation of the [...] Read more.
To mitigate road-related problems such as safety and traffic congestion, the evolution towards cooperative communicating technologies and autonomous systems is considered a solution to overcome human physical limitations and the limited perception horizon of on-board sensors. This paper describes the implementation of the Collective Perception Service (CPS) in a real road infrastructure with the goal of providing information to automated vehicles and to a central road operator. The Collective Perception Messages are built by retrieving information from traffic classification radars for local dissemination using ITS-G5 radio technology and for broader access by disseminating the messages into a central entity. The service is improved by applying some rules for optimizing the message dissemination in order to increase radio channel efficiency. The results of the experimental tests showed that the end-to-end delay between the production event of the Collective Perception Message (CPM) and the reception by other ITS stations is within the boundaries defined by ETSI standards. Moreover, the algorithm for message dissemination also shows improvement in the radio channel efficiency by limiting the number of objects disseminated by CPM messages. The developed Collective Perception Service and the road infrastructure are, therefore, a valuable asset to provide useful information for increasing road safety and fostering the deployment of Cooperative, Connected and Automated Mobility (CCAM) applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Wireless Vehicular Communications)
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16 pages, 591 KiB  
Article
Balancing Awareness and Congestion in Vehicular Networks Using Variable Transmission Power
by Xiaofeng Liu, Ben St. Amour and Arunita Jaekel
Electronics 2021, 10(16), 1902; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10161902 - 08 Aug 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1476
Abstract
Vehicular ad Hoc networks (VANETs) support a variety of applications ranging from critical safety applications to “infotainment” or “comfort” applications. In North America, 75 MHz of the spectrum in the 5.9 GHz band has been allocated for vehicular communication. Safety applications rely on [...] Read more.
Vehicular ad Hoc networks (VANETs) support a variety of applications ranging from critical safety applications to “infotainment” or “comfort” applications. In North America, 75 MHz of the spectrum in the 5.9 GHz band has been allocated for vehicular communication. Safety applications rely on event-driven “alert” messages as well as the periodic broadcast of Basic Safety Messages (BSMs) containing critical information, e.g., position, speed, and heading from participating vehicles. The limited channel capacity and high message rates needed to ensure an adequate level of awareness make the reliable delivery of BSMs a challenging problem for VANETs. In this paper, we propose a decentralized congestion control algorithm that uses variable transmission power levels to reduce the channel busy ratio while maintaining a high level of awareness for nearby vehicles. The simulation results indicate that the proposed approach is able to achieve a suitable balance between awareness and bandwidth usage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Wireless Vehicular Communications)
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15 pages, 1313 KiB  
Article
Light Field Image Quality Enhancement by a Lightweight Deformable Deep Learning Framework for Intelligent Transportation Systems
by David Augusto Ribeiro, Juan Casavílca Silva, Renata Lopes Rosa, Muhammad Saadi, Shahid Mumtaz, Lunchakorn Wuttisittikulkij, Demóstenes Zegarra Rodríguez and Sattam Al Otaibi
Electronics 2021, 10(10), 1136; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10101136 - 11 May 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2247
Abstract
Light field (LF) imaging has multi-view properties that help to create many applications that include auto-refocusing, depth estimation and 3D reconstruction of images, which are required particularly for intelligent transportation systems (ITSs). However, cameras can present a limited angular resolution, becoming a bottleneck [...] Read more.
Light field (LF) imaging has multi-view properties that help to create many applications that include auto-refocusing, depth estimation and 3D reconstruction of images, which are required particularly for intelligent transportation systems (ITSs). However, cameras can present a limited angular resolution, becoming a bottleneck in vision applications. Thus, there is a challenge to incorporate angular data due to disparities in the LF images. In recent years, different machine learning algorithms have been applied to both image processing and ITS research areas for different purposes. In this work, a Lightweight Deformable Deep Learning Framework is implemented, in which the problem of disparity into LF images is treated. To this end, an angular alignment module and a soft activation function into the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) are implemented. For performance assessment, the proposed solution is compared with recent state-of-the-art methods using different LF datasets, each one with specific characteristics. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed solution achieved a better performance than the other methods. The image quality results obtained outperform state-of-the-art LF image reconstruction methods. Furthermore, our model presents a lower computational complexity, decreasing the execution time. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Wireless Vehicular Communications)
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25 pages, 5019 KiB  
Article
Towards Optimal Dissemination of Emergency Messages in Internet of Vehicles: A Dynamic Clustering-Based Approach
by Nadjet Azzaoui, Ahmed Korichi, Bouziane Brik and Med el Amine Fekair
Electronics 2021, 10(8), 979; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10080979 - 19 Apr 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2605
Abstract
In this paper, we target dissemination issues of emergency messages in a highly dynamic Internet of Vehicles (IoV) network. IoV is emerging as a new class of vehicular networks to optimize road safety as well as users’ comfort. In such a context, forwarding [...] Read more.
In this paper, we target dissemination issues of emergency messages in a highly dynamic Internet of Vehicles (IoV) network. IoV is emerging as a new class of vehicular networks to optimize road safety as well as users’ comfort. In such a context, forwarding emergency messages through vehicle-to-vehicle communications (V2V) plays a vital role in enabling road safety-related applications. For instance, when an accident occurs, forwarding such information in real time will help to avoid other accidents in addition to avoiding congestion of network traffic. Thus, dissemination of emergency information is a major concern. However, on the one hand, vehicle density has increased in the last decade which may lead to several issues including message collisions, broadcast storm, and the problem of hidden nodes. On the other hand, high mobility of vehicles and hence dynamic changes of network topology result in failure of dissemination of emergency packets. To overcome these problems, we propose a new dissemination scheme of emergency packets by vehicles equipped with both DSRC and cellular LTE wireless communication capabilities. Our scheme is based on a dynamic clustering strategy, which includes a new cluster head selection algorithm to deal with the broadcast storm problem. Furthermore, our selection algorithm enables not only the election of the most stable vehicles as cluster heads, and hence their exploitation in forwarding the emergency information, but also the avoidance of packet collisions. We simulated our scheme in an urban environment and compared it with other data dissemination schemes. Obtained results show the efficiency of our scheme in minimizing collision and broadcast storm problems, while improving latency, packet delivery ratio and data throughput, as compared to other schemes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Wireless Vehicular Communications)
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