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Diagnostics
Special Issues
Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Hepatitis B
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Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Hepatitis B

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 3415

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Beom Kyung Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
2. Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
3. Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul 03722, Korea
Interests: chronic hepatitis B; diagnsosis; treatment; prognosis; prediction

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the most common viral hepatitis infection worldwide, affecting approximately 240 million people and is still the leading etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Because persistently high HBV replication is associated with an increased risk of cirrhosis and HCC, replication-suppressing antiviral therapy by oral nucleos(t)ide analogs (NUCs) is currently a mainstay of treatment for patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in order to prevent liver disease progression. Nevertheless, since antiviral therapy decreases, but does not eliminate, the risk of HCC development completely, early detection of HCC by periodic surveillance can improve patients’ overall prognosis.

Recently, ongoing research has aimed to develop diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. This Special Issue will summarize the most recent advances in “Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Hepatitis B”. Studies focused on identifying biomarkers (clinical, molecular, genetic, histological, etc.) to monitor the disease progression of CHB are welcomed. In addition, studies predicting the development of HBV-related complications, e.g., cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, treatment-related adverse outcome, HCC, and mortality, are of interest.

I hope this Special Issue is of interest to you and I encourage you to submit a manuscript. Many thanks in advance.

Prof. Dr. Beom Kyung Kim
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • chronic hepatitis B
  • diagnosis
  • biomarker
  • treatment
  • prognosis
  • prediction
  • surveillance

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 458 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of the Diagnostic Performances of the SD-Bioline®HBeAg Rapid Test Used Routinely for the Management of HBV-Infected Individuals in Burkina Faso
by Abdoulaye Dera, Armel M. Sanou, Mathuola N. G. Ouattara, Abdoul K. Ilboudo, David B. Lankoande, Dieudonné Ilboudo, Delphine Napon-Zongo and Michel K. Gomgnimbou
Diagnostics 2023, 13(19), 3144; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13193144 - 07 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1250
Abstract
Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) is a marker of wild-type hepatitis B virus replication. In resource-limited countries where access to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) remains a challenge, rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) constitute a good alternative. The HBeAg status is employed to evaluate eligibility [...] Read more.
Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) is a marker of wild-type hepatitis B virus replication. In resource-limited countries where access to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) remains a challenge, rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) constitute a good alternative. The HBeAg status is employed to evaluate eligibility for antiviral therapy and to prevent the transmission of hepatitis B from mother to child (PMTCT). The objective of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of the SD-Bioline®HBeAg RDT commonly used for detecting HBeAg in laboratories in Burkina Faso. The sample panel used was collected from HBsAg-positive patients received in the laboratory for the detection of HBeAg with the rapid test. The samples were retested for HBeAg using the VIDAS HBe/Anti-HBe enzyme-linked fluorescent assay (ELFA) (Gold standard). Then, the viral load (VL) of HBV DNA was determined using the GENERIC HBV CHARGE VIRLAE kit (GHBV-CV). The diagnostic performances of the SD-Bioline®HBeAg and its agreement with the gold standard were calculated with their 95% confidence intervals. Overall, 340 sera obtained from HBsAg-positive patients were included in this evaluation Compared to the VIDAS HBe/Anti-HBe ELFA test, the sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of the SD-Bioline®HBeAg test were 33.3% and 97.9%, respectively. The concordance between the two tests was 0.42. Depending on the viral load, the Se and Sp varied from 8.8% and 98.3% for a VL < 2000 IU/mL to 35.5% and 98.4% for a VL > 2,000,000 IU/mL. The results showed a low sensibility of the SD-Bioline®HBeAg RDT test, indicating that its use is inappropriate for the clinical management of HBV-infected patients. They also highlight the urgent need to develop HBeAg rapid tests with better sensitivities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Hepatitis B)
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8 pages, 4719 KiB  
Communication
Correlation between Results of Semi-Quantitative and Quantitative Tests for Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen among Patients Achieving Viral Suppression with Antiviral Treatment
by Goh Eun Chung, Ju Yeon Kim, Hyunjae Shin, Ji Hoon Hong, Moon Haeng Hur, Heejin Cho, Min Kyung Park, Na Ryung Choi, Jihye Kim, Yun Bin Lee, Eun Ju Cho, Su Jong Yu, Yoon Jun Kim, Jung-Hwan Yoon and Jeong-Hoon Lee
Diagnostics 2022, 12(7), 1757; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12071757 - 20 Jul 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1598
Abstract
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a threat to global public health. Serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) has been used in screening for HBV infection. Quantitative HBsAg assays are useful for monitoring the natural history of HBV infection and its [...] Read more.
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a threat to global public health. Serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) has been used in screening for HBV infection. Quantitative HBsAg assays are useful for monitoring the natural history of HBV infection and its response to therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between quantitative (qHBsAg; IU/mL) and semi-quantitative (sqHBsAg; signal-to-cutoff ratio [S/Co]) HBsAg titers in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods: We retrospectively included 284 samples with HBV DNA < 20 IU/mL from patients who had simultaneous qHBsAg (using electrochemiluminescence assay) and sqHBsAg tests. Patients were grouped according to their serum HBV-envelope antigen (HBeAg) status (HBeAg-negative, n = 239 and HBeAg-positive, n = 45). The Spearman test was used to analyze the correlation between the quantitative and semi-quantitative assays. Results: There was a significant linear correlation between sqHBsAg and qHBsAg in the HBeAg-negative patients (qHBsAg [IU/mL] = 0.0094 × sqHBsAg [S/Co]1.323; adjusted R2 = 0.8445; p < 0.001). There was a substantial hook effect in the assays from the HBeAg-positive patients, so we performed a stratified analysis according to qHBsAg <1000 IU/mL or ≥1000 IU/mL and found a significant positive linear correlation between sqHBsAg S/Co and qHBsAg (qHBsAg [IU/mL] = 0.072 × sqHBsAg [S/Co]1.331; adjusted R2 = 0.7878; p < 0.001) in HBeAg-positive patients with qHBsAg titers of <1000 IU/mL and a significant negative correlation in HBeAg-positive patients with qHBsAg titers of ≥1000 IU/mL (qHBsAg [IU/mL] = 8.987 × 1014 × sqHBsAg [S/Co]−3.175; adjusted R2 = 0.6350; p < 0.001). Conclusions: There was a highly linear, positive correlation between qHBsAg and sqHBsAg in HBeAg-negative CHB patients. The hook effect led to a negative correlation in HBeAg-positive CHB patients with qHBsAg titers ≥1000 IU/mL. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Hepatitis B)
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