Prognostic Factors for Pediatric Tumors, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Diagnosis and Prognosis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 1260

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
3rd Department of Pediatrics, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 546 42 Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: childhood cancer; survivorship; late effects; acute lymphoblastic leukemia; rare tumors
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

After a successful first edition of the Special IssuePrognostic Factors for Pediatric Tumors” (Diagnostics | Special Issue : Prognostic Factors for Pediatric Tumors (mdpi.com)), we are pleased to announce a second edition.

At present, it is estimated that over 80% of children diagnosed with cancer will recover. This estimate is encouraging and reflects the significant progress achieved in recent decades, in both supportive care and the risk stratification of patients. Despite these significant advancements in the treatment of pediatric cancers, childhood cancer remains one of the leading causes of death in children and adolescents worldwide. Considerable research efforts have focused on the biological characterization of the disease, in order to refine risk group stratification and facilitate targeted therapies.

Biology has historically played a pivotal role in the prognostic risk assessment of childhood leukemia. The genomic landscape of pediatric leukemia has been mapped and redefined following large-scale sequencing efforts. Pediatric solid tumors are also biologically and morphologically heterogenous, and the interplay between histologic examination and molecular interrogation plays a pivotal role in the prognostication and direction of therapy.

The incorporation of molecularly targeted therapies offers real promise as a less toxic and more effective therapy. The identification of novel diagnostic and prognostic markers is required in order to individualize therapy.

This Special Issue focuses on the identification of prognostic markers in pediatric cancer. We would therefore like to invite you to contribute your original research or high-quality review articles to this Special Issue.

Dr. Maria Kourti
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • childhood cancer
  • prognostic factors
  • acute leukemia
  • solid tumors

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 1483 KiB  
Article
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Long-Term Outcomes and Risk Stratification in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients: A 44-Year Retrospective Study
by Marko Buta, Nada Santrac, Merima Goran, Nikola Jeftic, Jovan Raketic, Nevena Savkovic, Saska Pavlovic, Milan Zegarac, Neven Jokic, Ana Cvetkovic, Marko Stojanovic, Ana Jotic, Dusica Gavrilovic and Ivan Markovic
Diagnostics 2025, 15(4), 399; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15040399 - 7 Feb 2025
Viewed by 993
Abstract
Background: Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in children and adolescents is a rare but significant malignancy, often presenting at more advanced stages compared to adults, although it is associated with favorable long-term outcomes. This study aimed to identify prognostic factors and perform risk stratification [...] Read more.
Background: Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in children and adolescents is a rare but significant malignancy, often presenting at more advanced stages compared to adults, although it is associated with favorable long-term outcomes. This study aimed to identify prognostic factors and perform risk stratification with the goal of identifying low-risk patients who would benefit from a less radical treatment approach. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients aged 21 years and younger with DTC treated at the Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia between 1980 and 2024. Results: The study analyzed 99 patients (39 children, 60 adolescents) with a median follow-up of 15.6 years (range: 0.6–43.6 years). No significant differences in long-term outcomes were observed between children and adolescents. Multivariate regression analysis identified a total number of more than 10.5 positive lymph nodes and extrathyroidal tumor extension as independent predictors of adverse events and event-free interval (EFI). Using these prognostic factors, patients were stratified into three groups: low-risk (no risk factors), intermediate-risk (one of two risk factors), and high-risk (both risk factors). Statistically significant differences in EFI were observed among the three groups. Notably, none of the patients in the low-risk group had evidence of disease after treatment. Patients classified as having no evidence of disease after treatment demonstrated significantly better EFI compared to those with evidence of disease. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the importance of meticulous risk stratification in predicting long-term outcomes and might serve as a basis for developing personalized therapeutic strategies. Identifying low-risk patients who may benefit from a less aggressive treatment approach while ensuring optimal treatment and follow-up for high-risk patients remains a central objective in the modern management of DTC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prognostic Factors for Pediatric Tumors, 2nd Edition)
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