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Diagnostics
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Diagnosis and Management of Gynecological Diseases: Advancements and Challenges
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Diagnosis and Management of Gynecological Diseases: Advancements and Challenges

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Diagnosis and Prognosis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2025 | Viewed by 582

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Massimo Origoni

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Vita Salute San Raffaele University School of Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
Interests: cervical cancer; human papillomavirus; HPV; gynecologic oncology; preventive oncology; CIN; cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of Diagnostics has been created with the aim of providing the global scientific community with an updated insight into the most recent advancements and emerging challenges in clinical gynecology. Technology, laboratory methodologies, instruments, and computerized applications such as artificial intelligence are significantly influencing some of these innovative perspectives, especially in terms of investigating and managing gynecological patients, which range from genital infections to surgical techniques and congenital abnormalities to reproductive impairments. We are making significant steps forward, both in terms of biological knowledge and clinical applications, for several conditions that were considered definitively settled and established. Additionally, the recent past has demonstrated that the scientific community must be constantly aware of the risk of unexpected and new diseases, which can dramatically influence human wellbeing on a huge scale. The gynecological community of investigators and clinical professionals has always been particularly involved and interested in experimenting with new frontiers and new horizons, in some instances pioneering revolutionary approaches that have contributed to extraordinary opportunities for health improvement: the universal HPV vaccination, which will realistically eliminate cervical cancer in women, is just one example. Because of this, we warmly invite clinicians and researchers to share their recent and novel experiences in the field of gynecological diseases, providing them with the opportunity to present their intuitions, research, and proposals in a highly regarded journal. We sincerely look forward to and welcome your contributions to this Special Issue of Diagnostics.

Dr. Massimo Origoni
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • gynecology
  • diagnosis
  • new technologies
  • female
  • women diseases
  • new approaches
  • genital pathology
  • reproductive medicine

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 1297 KiB  
Article
Changing Etiological Spectrum of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency over the Past Decades: A Comparative Analysis of Two Cohorts from a Single Center
by Szilvia Csehely, Adrienn Kun, Edina Orbán, Tamás Katona, Mónika Orosz, Zoárd Tibor Krasznai, Tamás Deli and Attila Jakab
Diagnostics 2025, 15(13), 1724; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15131724 - 6 Jul 2025
Viewed by 425
Abstract
Background: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a complex and heterogeneous condition affecting women of reproductive age. Historically, most POI cases have been classified as idiopathic due to limited diagnostic capabilities. However, due to the success of oncologic treatments and the increasing number [...] Read more.
Background: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a complex and heterogeneous condition affecting women of reproductive age. Historically, most POI cases have been classified as idiopathic due to limited diagnostic capabilities. However, due to the success of oncologic treatments and the increasing number of gynecologic surgeries enabled by improved diagnostics, the proportion of iatrogenic POI cases has risen substantially. Objectives: To investigate the current prevalence of POI etiologies, to compare the etiological distribution between two POI cohorts from a single tertiary center—one historical (1978–2003) and one contemporary (2017–2024)—and to explore how the spectrum of underlying causes has changed over the past four decades. Methods: Data from 111 women diagnosed with POI between 2017 and 2024 were retrospectively reviewed and compared with those from a historical cohort of 172 patients. Etiologies were classified as genetic, autoimmune, iatrogenic, or idiopathic. Statistical comparisons were performed using chi-square and z-tests. Hormonal profiles and reproductive outcomes were also analyzed. Results: The current prevalence of POI etiologies is as follows: genetic 9.9%, autoimmune 18.9%, iatrogenic 34.2%, idiopathic 36.9%. In the historical POI cohort, etiologies were classified as genetic in 11.6%, autoimmune in 8.7%, iatrogenic in 7.6%, and idiopathic in 72.1%. The changes in the prevalence of autoimmune, iatrogenic, and idiopathic POI were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Reproductive outcomes remained limited: 10 pregnancies occurred in each cohort, with 7 live births in the contemporary group. Conclusions: Our findings suggest a significant shift in the etiological landscape of POI, with a notable, more than fourfold rise in identifiable iatrogenic cases and a twofold increase in the autoimmune group, resulting in a halving of idiopathic POI. Prevalence of genetic etiology remained unchanged. While diagnostic capabilities have improved, reproductive outcomes remain largely unchanged and suboptimal. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management of Gynecological Diseases: Advancements and Challenges)
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