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Diagnostics
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Imaging in Oral Diseases
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Imaging in Oral Diseases

A Special Issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418) belonging to the section "Medical Imaging and Theranostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2026) | Viewed by 4723

Editors

Dr. Xavier Roselló-LLabres

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Odontostomatología, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Interests: oral diseases
Prof. Dr. José López López

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Odontostomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Dentistry), University of Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08970 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: oral pathology; implants

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, technological advances in the field of radiology as applied to dentistry have provided us with new and more precise diagnostic tools. The use of CBCT equipment in dental offices allows for generating key three-dimensional representations of the maxillofacial skeleton, without which lesion diagnoses are difficult to make and characterize.

New techniques in this area, together with the use of appropriate software, allow us to simulate treatment virtually. Such virtual techniques enable detailed treatment planning, leading to better and more predictable results.

Social networks also play an important role in dentistry. Promoting the exchange of experiences, treatments, and pathological images leads to knowledge-sharing and knowledge generation among professionals. This makes diagnosing complex pathologies easier. Detailed descriptions of various diagnostic algorithms for treating disorders occurring in the oral cavity are essential. All of this enables knowledge-sharing with colleagues in remote areas.

Finally, it is essential that we consider possibilities of applying AI in our field. As AI algorithms advance, we can expect improvements in the detection and diagnosis of oral pathologies, leading to improved early diagnosis of serious diseases such as oral cancer. AI will likely also help oral pathologists in the histological diagnosis of lesions in the oral cavity.

We encourage you to share your latest work and insights with us on these topics in this Special Issue.

Dr. Xavier Roselló-LLabres
Prof. Dr. José López López
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • CBCT 3D maxillofacial imaging
  • virtual diagnostic simulation
  • social media pathology image sharing
  • oral disease diagnostic algorithms
  • AI-driven oral pathology detection
  • dental radiographic caries analysis
  • digital oral lesion segmentation
  • cross-disciplinary imaging workflows
  • tele-radiology collaboration platforms
  • salivary gland scintigraphy applications

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 876 KB  
Article
Clinical Strategies to Improve the Accuracy of Articulating Paper for Detecting Occlusal Contact Points in Adults with Natural Dentitions
by Bernat Rovira-Lastra, Sanaa ElOtmani-Sabiri, Mireia Ustrell-Barral, Laura Khoury-Ribas and Jordi Martinez-Gomis
Diagnostics 2026, 16(10), 1450; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics16101450 - 10 May 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 696
Abstract
Background/Objectives: This clinical study assessed the validity of articulating paper for detecting occlusal contacts points, including examining the effects of clinical technique, paper thickness, and the arch. Methods: This cross-sectional test–retest study included 32 adults with natural dentitions. Four occlusal registrations [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: This clinical study assessed the validity of articulating paper for detecting occlusal contacts points, including examining the effects of clinical technique, paper thickness, and the arch. Methods: This cross-sectional test–retest study included 32 adults with natural dentitions. Four occlusal registrations were obtained from each participant using articulating paper with a thickness of 100 or 200 μm, applying one of two different clinical techniques (holding in place or pulling with forceps at the intercuspal position), and scanning the occlusal surfaces of their mandibular and maxillary arches. Silicone registrations were obtained and used as the reference standard. Mandibular and maxillary images were scaled and calibrated spatially, and two new images were created based on the sum or the areas of coincidence between the mandibular and maxillary occlusal scheme. Occlusal contact points on the right posterior teeth were analyzed using computer software. Results: The articulating paper produced true-positive contacts in 81% and false-positive contacts in 15%, regardless of the method used. Considering occlusal contact when marks matched on both arches accounted for 2.0% of false-positive contact points. General linear models with repeated measures revealed that the mandibular arch offered a higher true-positive percentage than the maxillary arch, that the 100 µm-thick paper produced higher false-positive contacts (20.6%) than the 200 µm-thick paper (9.4%), and that the pulling technique had no significant effect. Conclusions: Articulating paper offers good validity when detecting occlusal contact points and can be improved by using 200 µm articulating paper and exploring both arches. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Imaging in Oral Diseases)
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9 pages, 712 KB  
Article
Prediction of Lower Third Molar Eruption in Panoramic Radiography Using Artificial Intelligence (AI): PDApp
by Susana Santeiro-Hermida, Manuel Fernández-Delgado, Eva Cernadas, Paz Otero-Casal and Mercedes Gallas-Torreira
Diagnostics 2026, 16(4), 516; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics16040516 - 9 Feb 2026
Viewed by 716
Abstract
Background/Objective: Preoperative prediction of third molar eruption with artificial intelligence (AI) has been a challenge in dentistry and oral surgery. Methods: In this investigation, we used machine learning (ML) algorithms to characterize M3 panoramic radiological images for the preoperative differential diagnosis [...] Read more.
Background/Objective: Preoperative prediction of third molar eruption with artificial intelligence (AI) has been a challenge in dentistry and oral surgery. Methods: In this investigation, we used machine learning (ML) algorithms to characterize M3 panoramic radiological images for the preoperative differential diagnosis of third nolar eruption/retention and compared them with clibical explorations to validate their performance. Results: We retrospectively collected data of patients with mandibular thid molar retention, where all eruption diagnoses were confirmed via clinical exploration. A total of 383 panoramic radiographies were selected to train the PDApp software for eruption diagnosis for the software validation. Conclusions: The PDApp software achieved the highest performance metrics for the prediction of mandibular third molar eruption Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Imaging in Oral Diseases)
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Other

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14 pages, 4997 KB  
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How Clinical and Radiological Findings in Chronic Mandibular Osteomyelitis Do Not Always Correlate: Diagnostic Dilemmas in Dental-Related Bone Inflammations
by Kamil Nelke, Ömer Uranbey, Ece Gülbağ, Büşra Ekinci, Burcu Gürsoytrak, Angela Rosa Caso, Michał Gontarz, Maciej Janeczek, Piotr Kuropka and Maciej Dobrzyński
Diagnostics 2026, 16(10), 1427; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics16101427 - 7 May 2026
Viewed by 2724
Abstract
The range of possible inflammatory changes in the oral cavity and in the maxillary and mandibular bones may present with diverse patterns and characteristics in both clinical and radiological evaluation. In most cases, a standard radiological examination, such as dental panoramic radiograph (DPR), [...] Read more.
The range of possible inflammatory changes in the oral cavity and in the maxillary and mandibular bones may present with diverse patterns and characteristics in both clinical and radiological evaluation. In most cases, a standard radiological examination, such as dental panoramic radiograph (DPR), has significant limitations in assessing early or complex bone changes associated with chronic bone inflammation. Advanced imaging with multidetector computed tomography or cone-beam computed tomography (MDCT or CBCT) can improve lesion characterization and surgical planning when a detailed evaluation of tooth-bearing structures, tooth apices, cortical plates, and cancellous bone is required. Such imaging allows more detailed assessment of alterations in medullary bone morphology and architecture, as well as identification of possible periosteal reactions adjacent to chronic bone inflammation. Osteomyelitis of the jaws comprises a heterogeneous group of inflammatory bone disorders characterized by variable clinical presentations and a broad spectrum of radiological appearances. Depending on disease chronicity, host factors, and microbial burden, mandibular osteomyelitis may mimic odontogenic tumors, fibro-osseous lesions, or malignant bone pathologies. Quite often, dental treatment affects bone status and condition, leading to unwanted events such as bone inflammation. Imaging plays a central role in diagnosis; however, radiographic findings are often nonspecific, particularly in early or chronic stages. Each case of osteomyelitis underscores the importance of correlating imaging findings with clinical history and highlights the role of repeated imaging in distinguishing inflammatory bone disease from aggressive jaw lesions. This study aims to characterize diverse patterns of chronic mandibular osteomyelitis associated with various prior treatment modalities using CBCT. By presenting a series of illustrative cases from heterogeneous clinical settings, the authors highlight the nonspecific radiographic features and diagnostic challenges inherent in chronic bone inflammation. The focus remains on the interpretation of complex imaging findings rather than a comparative analysis of technical protocols. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Imaging in Oral Diseases)
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