Diagnosis and Management of Neuroendocrine Tumors

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Imaging and Theranostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 335

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milano, Italy
Interests: neuroendocrine tumors; endoscopic ultrasound; chronic atrophic gastritis; familial adenomatous polyposis; endoscopic resection

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare and heterogeneous tumors arising from cells of the diffuse neuroendocrine system. Recent national registers showed a rise in the incidence of NENs, possibly due to an increased disease awareness and the implementation of diagnostic investigation.

Still, diagnosing NENs remains a clinical challenge because a number of factors, such as the different sites of origin, biological aggressiveness, and their ability to secrete active substances. In addition, the natural history of NENs is highly variable, and prognoses range from excellent to very poor in relation to the lesion size and the grade. In this scenario, NEN management has grey areas that need to be optimized and addressed.

We would like to invite you to contribute a research article or review to this Special Issue, which aims to explore the most recent evidence in the literature on areas related to this topic.

Dr. Federica Alessandra Cavalcoli
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • neuroendocrine neoplasm
  • pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm
  • gastric neuroendocrine neoplasm
  • small-bowel neuroendocrine neoplasm
  • appendicular neuroendocrine neoplasm
  • lung neuroendocrine neoplasm
  • functional imaging
  • cross-sectional imaging, endoscopic ultrasound

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

20 pages, 834 KiB  
Review
Biochemical Markers for Neuroendocrine Tumors: Traditional Circulating Markers and Recent Development—A Comprehensive Review
by Marianna Franchina, Federica Cavalcoli, Olga Falco, Marta La Milia, Alessandra Elvevi and Sara Massironi
Diagnostics 2024, 14(12), 1289; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14121289 - 18 Jun 2024
Viewed by 129
Abstract
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms presenting unique challenges in diagnosis and management. Traditional markers such as chromogranin A (CgA), pancreatic polypeptide (PP), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) have limitations in terms of specificity and sensitivity. Specific circulating markers such as [...] Read more.
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms presenting unique challenges in diagnosis and management. Traditional markers such as chromogranin A (CgA), pancreatic polypeptide (PP), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) have limitations in terms of specificity and sensitivity. Specific circulating markers such as serotonin and its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and various gastrointestinal hormones such as gastrin, glucagon, somatostatin, and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) have a role in identifying functional NENs. Recent advances in molecular and biochemical markers, also accounting for novel genomic and proteomic markers, have significantly improved the landscape for the diagnosis and monitoring of NENs. This review discusses these developments, focusing on both traditional markers such as CgA and NSE, as well as specific hormones like gastrin, insulin, somatostatin, glucagon, and VIP. Additionally, it covers emerging genomic and proteomic markers that are shaping current research. The clinical applicability of these markers is highlighted, and their role in improving diagnostic accuracy, predicting surgical outcomes, and monitoring response to treatment is demonstrated. The review also highlights the need for further research, including validation of these markers in larger studies, development of standardized assays, and integration with imaging techniques. The evolving field of biochemical markers holds promise for improving patient outcomes in the treatment of NENs, although challenges in standardization and validation remain. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management of Neuroendocrine Tumors)
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