Diagnosis and Prognosis of Gynecological and Obstetric Diseases

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Diagnosis and Prognosis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2025 | Viewed by 936

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor Assistant
Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, AOOR Villa Sofia Cervello Hospital, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
Interests: laparoscopy; obstetric; infertility; gynecological malignancies; ultrasound
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue, “Diagnosis and Prognosis of Gynecological and Obstetric Diseases”, focuses on presenting cutting-edge research and comprehensive reviews that span the breadth of gynecological and obstetric disorders. It encompasses a wide range of manuscripts detailing innovative diagnostic techniques, from advanced imaging modalities to novel biomarker assessments. Furthermore, it explores the latest prognostic models and strategies, aiming to enhance prediction accuracy for various gynecological cancers, pregnancy complications, and other obstetric conditions. By gathering expert insights and evidence-based findings, this Special Issue strives to advance clinical management and patient outcomes in the fields of gynecology and obstetrics.

Dr. Giuseppe Gullo
Guest Editor

Dr. Valentina Billone
Guest Editor Assistant

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Keywords

  • diagnosis
  • prognosis
  • gynecological and obstetric diseases
  • markers
  • screening

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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16 pages, 254 KiB  
Article
Sexual Functioning and Depressive Symptoms in Women with Postpartum Thyroiditis
by Karolina Kowalcze, Gaspare Cucinella, Giuseppe Gullo and Robert Krysiak
Diagnostics 2025, 15(10), 1286; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15101286 - 20 May 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 413
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The presence of autoimmune thyroiditis was found to be associated with an increased prevalence of sexual dysfunction. Women’s sexual health was not investigated in postpartum disorders of the thyroid gland. The aim of this study was to assess female sexual functioning [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: The presence of autoimmune thyroiditis was found to be associated with an increased prevalence of sexual dysfunction. Women’s sexual health was not investigated in postpartum disorders of the thyroid gland. The aim of this study was to assess female sexual functioning and depressive symptoms in postpartum thyroiditis. Methods: This study compared four groups of non-lactating women who gave birth within 12 months before the beginning of the study: women with postpartum thyroiditis and overt hypothyroidism (group A), women with postpartum thyroiditis and subclinical hypothyroidism (group B), euthyroid females with postpartum thyroiditis (group C) and healthy euthyroid females without thyroid disease (group D). All patients completed questionnaires assessing female sexual function (FSFI), and the presence and severity of depressive symptoms (BDI-II). Moreover, we assessed thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin antibodies, as well as serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroid hormones, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), estradiol and prolactin. Results: The mean total FSFI score was lower in women with overt hypothyroidism (22.74 ± 4.12) than in the remaining groups of women, lower in groups B (25.71 ± 3.84) and C (29.67 ± 4.00) than in group D (32.15 ± 2.98), as well as lower in group B than in group C. Compared to healthy controls, both groups of women with postpartum thyroiditis and thyroid hypofunction had lower scores for all domains, while euthyroid patients with postpartum thyroiditis had lower scores for sexual desire, sexual arousal and lubrication. The total BDI-II score was highest in group A (15.6 ± 3.2) and lowest in group D (7.8 ± 3.2). Serum testosterone and DHEAS levels were lower while serum prolactin levels were higher in women with postpartum thyroiditis than in healthy subjects. The lowest testosterone levels (1.02 ± 0.35 nmol/L) and estradiol levels (190 ± 80 pmol/L) and the highest prolactin concentration (39.9 ± 13.9 ng/mL) were found in group A. Conclusions: The obtained results show that postpartum thyroiditis is complicated by multidimensional impairment of female sexual functioning, which is accompanied by mood deterioration. Severity of sexual dysfunction and depressive symptoms in this clinical entity depends on the degree of thyroid autoimmunity and hypothyroidism. It seems that assessment of sexual functioning and mood should be recommended to all women with postpartum thyroiditis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Prognosis of Gynecological and Obstetric Diseases)

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27 pages, 2095 KiB  
Case Report
Fraser Syndrome: A Narrative Review Based on a Case from Vietnam and the Past 20 Years of Research
by Xuan Trang Thi Pham, Phuc Nhon Nguyen and Xuan Song Hoang
Diagnostics 2025, 15(13), 1606; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15131606 - 25 Jun 2025
Viewed by 328
Abstract
Introduction: Fraser syndrome (FS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder. However, the clinical presentation remains variable. Diagnosis is based on a series of major and minor clinical criteria that can be supported by genetic tests. Prenatal diagnosis remains challenging. Methods: Herein, [...] Read more.
Introduction: Fraser syndrome (FS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder. However, the clinical presentation remains variable. Diagnosis is based on a series of major and minor clinical criteria that can be supported by genetic tests. Prenatal diagnosis remains challenging. Methods: Herein, we reported a case of Fraser syndrome that was missed by ultrasound and diagnosed late at birth. The newborn presented with cryptophthalmos–syndactyly syndrome and absence of the right kidney. Based on a literature review of articles from the past 20 years, the authors found 40 cases, including indexed cases on PUBMED, Scopus, Web of Science, and Scholar using keywords related to “Fraser syndrome”. Through this report, we discuss the polymalformative syndrome, the clinical and paraclinical aspects of this syndrome, its clinical management, and highlight the importance of prenatal diagnosis in the light of research. Results: Our study found that consanguine parents (41.0%) were increasing risk factors for FS and poor socio-economic status delayed the early detection of FS. Among the 40 cases, 27 cases were detected postnatally. More than half of the cases resulted in poor perinatal outcomes. The common findings were cryptophthalmos (87.5%), syndactyly (87.5%), renal abnormalities (55.5%), and genital abnormalities (42.5%). Conclusions: A prenatal diagnosis of Fraser syndrome is still difficult. Thus, a counseled ultrasound scan at a specialized center should be recommended in suspected cases with indirect signs and risk factors of consanguinity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Prognosis of Gynecological and Obstetric Diseases)
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