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Children
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Childhood Adiposity: Intervention and Prevention
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Childhood Adiposity: Intervention and Prevention

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Global Pediatric Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2024) | Viewed by 7239

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Corina Paul

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
Interests: pediatric endocrinology
Prof. Dr. Dana Stoian

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Endocrinology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
Interests: elastography; viscosity; contrast-enhanced ultrasound; multiparametric evaluation; thyroid disease; renal disease; liver fibrosis; hyperparathyroidism; endocrinology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

At present, people's material standards have greatly improved, which has also led to the increasingly serious obesity problem among children and adolescents; obesity has also led to a significant increase in the incidence of some chronic diseases. Research shows that obese children are more likely to suffer from fatty liver, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and other diseases. Child obesity can also lead to abnormal fat metabolism and abnormal glucose metabolism, which are early manifestations of childhood diabetes.

In addition, obesity will also have a great impact on the psychology of adolescents. Not only this, but the risk factors for obesity in children will also continue into adulthood. Therefore, we hope to exchange and discuss the latest treatment and prevention methods for obesity and overweight in children as well as adolescents to ensure the healthy growth of children.

We invite contributors to send original research articles, systematic evaluations, analyses, and case-based comments. I look forward to receiving your contribution.

Dr. Corina Paul
Prof. Dr. Dana Stoian
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Children is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • childhood adiposity
  • childhood obesity
  • overweight
  • endocrinology
  • obesity complications

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 233 KiB  
Article
Effect of an Exercise Intervention Program on BMI and Distance Covered in the 6 Min Walking Test (6MWT) in Obese Children
by Ourania Papadopoulou, Evangelia Desli, Elisavet-Anna Chrysochoou, Christos Kogias, Vasileios Liakos, Athina Sopiadou, Petrina Vantsi, Ilias Kallistratos, Paris Iakovidis, Kiriaki Tsiroukidou and Elpis Hatziagorou
Children 2024, 11(12), 1473; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11121473 - 30 Nov 2024
Viewed by 956
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Childhood obesity appears to be an alarmingly growing global threat. Current evidence has shown that obesity can be successfully managed with interventions targeting movement skills, motor coordination and physical activity. However, data concerning physiotherapy practice are limited. We aimed to assess the [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Childhood obesity appears to be an alarmingly growing global threat. Current evidence has shown that obesity can be successfully managed with interventions targeting movement skills, motor coordination and physical activity. However, data concerning physiotherapy practice are limited. We aimed to assess the impact of therapeutic exercise on the 6-minute walk test (6-MWT) in obese children and adolescents. Methods: A total of 31 obese children and adolescents (BMI > 30 kg/m2), 18 males and 13 females, aged from 8 to 18 years, were enrolled. Two study groups were formed: the control group (Group A), comprising ten children; and the intervention group (Group B), comprising 21 children. Daily exercise habits were obtained via interview; anthropometric data (weight, height and BMI) were recorded; and 6-MWT parameters, blood pressure and oxygen saturation (SaO2) were assessed before and after a 4-month intervention program consisting of breathing and aerobic exercises. Results: There was a statistically significant increase in 6-minute walk distance (+43.34, p < 0.001) and an improvement in body weight (p < 0.01), blood pressure (p < 0.01) and oxygen saturation (p < 0.03) in Group B after the 4-month training program. Conclusions: All results highlight the potential of physical exercise in clinical practice to improve functional status and achieve weight loss. Future randomized controlled trials, including individualized therapeutic exercise programs in larger samples of obese children, are much anticipated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Childhood Adiposity: Intervention and Prevention)
11 pages, 625 KiB  
Article
Comparative Analysis of 24-h Movement Behaviours in Non-Overweight and Overweight/Obese Children: Findings from the FAMIly Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, and Sleep (FAMIPASS)
by Erik Sigmund, Jaroslava Voráčová, Jan Dygrýn, Michal Vorlíček and Dagmar Sigmundová
Children 2024, 11(11), 1298; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11111298 - 27 Oct 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 963
Abstract
Background: Childhood overweight and obesity are global health concerns associated with insufficient physical activity (PA), excessive sedentary behaviour (SB), and inadequate sleep. This study aimed to determine whether differences exist in 24 h movement behaviours between Czech non-overweight children and children with overweight/obesity [...] Read more.
Background: Childhood overweight and obesity are global health concerns associated with insufficient physical activity (PA), excessive sedentary behaviour (SB), and inadequate sleep. This study aimed to determine whether differences exist in 24 h movement behaviours between Czech non-overweight children and children with overweight/obesity aged 3–10 years, with respect to their gender, age, or family socioeconomic status (SES). Methods: A total of 381 children (49.9% girls), aged 3–10 years, participated. Their PA, SB, and sleep were continuously monitored over a regular week using wrist-worn accelerometers. Weight status was determined by BMI z-scores, according to World Health Organization standards. SES was assessed using the Family Affluence Scale. Results: Non-overweight children had averages of 414 min of PA, 472 min of SB, and 554 min of sleep per day, while children with overweight/obesity had averages of 392 min of PA, 503 min of SB, and 545 min of sleep. Non-overweight children engaged in significantly more PA (22 min per day; p = 0.014) and significantly less SB (31 min per day; p = 0.002) than children with overweight/obesity. No significant differences were found between the weight groups in gender distribution, age, family SES, or maternal and paternal obesity. Conclusions: Non-overweight children exhibited higher levels of PA and lower levels of SB compared to their counterparts with overweight/obesity, independent of gender, age, or family SES. These findings highlight an association between daily movement behaviours and weight status in young children. Further research is needed to explore the impact of modifying PA and SB on weight outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Childhood Adiposity: Intervention and Prevention)
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10 pages, 1020 KiB  
Article
Correlation between Obesity and Socioeconomic and Psychological Characteristics of Students Attending Different Rural School Types
by Stephan Gretschel, Annabell Morgner, Cornelia Schindler, Nina Amelie Zierenberg, Henry Kusian, Meike Herkner, Stefan Reinsch, Frank Schoeneich, Edmund A. M. Neugebauer and Ulf Elbelt
Children 2024, 11(6), 648; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11060648 - 27 May 2024
Viewed by 1989
Abstract
We examined the prevalence of obesity in two types of schools—a comprehensive school and a grammar school—in a rural German region of Brandenburg. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, BMI values were measured in 114 students in grades 5, 7, and 10. In addition [...] Read more.
We examined the prevalence of obesity in two types of schools—a comprehensive school and a grammar school—in a rural German region of Brandenburg. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, BMI values were measured in 114 students in grades 5, 7, and 10. In addition to the demographic data, data on nutrition, physical activity, and mental well-being were collected using a questionnaire. Results: A total of 44% (11/25) of the comprehensive school students and 15% (13/89) of the high school students are overweight, and 24% (6/25) of the comprehensive school pupils and 6% (5/89) of the grammar school pupils (p = 0.009) are obese. In addition, 91% (10/11) of the students with obesity, 36% (4/11) of the students with pre-obesity, and 31% (26/84) of the normal-weight students (p = 0.001) are concerned about their weight. Among the children with obesity, 82% (9/11) are afraid of gaining weight. In addition, 6% (5/82) of the normal-weight students, 25% (3/12) of the students with pre-obesity, and 70% (7/10) of the students with obesity feel restricted by their weight when exercising. Conclusion: School attendance and parental socioeconomic status appear to correlate with students’ weight statuses. There is a high level of suffering, and they feel uncomfortable with their bodies and worry about weight regulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Childhood Adiposity: Intervention and Prevention)
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Review

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11 pages, 2046 KiB  
Review
Obesity as a Risk Factor for the Severity of COVID-19 in Pediatric Patients: Possible Mechanisms—A Narrative Review
by Dana Elena Mîndru, Elena Țarcă, Heidrun Adumitrăchioaiei, Dana Teodora Anton-Păduraru, Violeta Ștreangă, Otilia Elena Frăsinariu, Alexandra Sidoreac, Cristina Stoica, Valentin Bernic and Alina-Costina Luca
Children 2024, 11(10), 1203; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11101203 - 30 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1247
Abstract
Obesity, the current pandemic, is associated with alarming rises among children and adolescents, and the forecasts for the near future are worrying. The present paper aims to draw attention to the short-term effects of the excess adipose tissue in the presence of a [...] Read more.
Obesity, the current pandemic, is associated with alarming rises among children and adolescents, and the forecasts for the near future are worrying. The present paper aims to draw attention to the short-term effects of the excess adipose tissue in the presence of a viral infection, which can be life-threatening for pediatric patients, given that the course of viral infections is often severe, if not critical. The COVID-19 pandemic has been the basis of these statements, which opened the door to the study of the repercussions of obesity in the presence of a viral infection. Since 2003, with the discovery of SARS-CoV-1, interest in the study of coronaviruses has steadily increased, with a peak during the pandemic. Thus, obesity has been identified as an independent risk factor for COVID-19 infection and is correlated with a heightened risk of severe outcomes in pediatric patients. We sought to determine the main mechanisms through which obesity is responsible for the unfavorable evolution in the presence of a viral infection, with emphasis on the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, in the hope that future studies will further elucidate this aspect, enabling prompt and effective intervention in obese patients with viral infections, whose clinical progression is likely to be favorable. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Childhood Adiposity: Intervention and Prevention)
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Other

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3 pages, 190 KiB  
Comment
Improving Evidence-Synthesis for School-Based Obesity Prevention Interventions. Comment on Ginell et al. Unreliable Findings Due to Miscalculations and Errors. Comment on “Nally et al. The Effectiveness of School-Based Interventions on Obesity-Related Behaviours in Primary School Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials. Children 2021, 8, 489”
by Vanessa A. Shrewsbury, Rachael M. Taylor, Tammie Jakstas, Angeliek Verdonschot and Clare E. Collins
Children 2024, 11(8), 959; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11080959 - 9 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1263
Abstract
As researchers with substantial experience in the child obesity field [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Childhood Adiposity: Intervention and Prevention)
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