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Exclusive Review Papers in "Cellular Immunology"
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Exclusive Review Papers in "Cellular Immunology"

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cellular Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2024) | Viewed by 14095

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Anselm Mak

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
Interests: systemic lupus erythematosus; inflammation; autoimmunity; T cells; neurocognition; functional MRI; meta-analyses
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Major breakthroughs continue to be seen in the realm of cellular immunology relevant to fields including, but not exclusive to autoimmunity, oncology, infectious diseases, transplantation, and allergy. In addition to strengthening the understanding of the molecular mechanisms related to these conditions, major discoveries such as the pivotal roles of CTLA4 and PD-1 in braking T cell activation, as well as the development of novel cell-based therapies such as CAR-T cells, have led to novel therapeutic strategies that tremendously improve the survival of patients with malignancies, and potentially of patients with other immune-related conditions, such as clinical autoimmunity.

In this Special Issue, recent advances in the discoveries of molecular mechanisms of cell immunology related to medical conditions, including various immunological, infectious, and malignant diseases, as well as their major ramifications pertaining to therapies and prognostications of these conditions, will be critically explored and discussed.

Dr. Anselm Mak
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cells is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • immunology
  • autoimmunity
  • oncology
  • transplantation
  • lymphocytes
  • dendritic cells
  • monocytes
  • plasma cells

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Review

20 pages, 2652 KiB  
Review
Regulatory B Cells—Immunopathological and Prognostic Potential in Humans
by Johanna Veh, Carolin Ludwig, Hubert Schrezenmeier and Bernd Jahrsdörfer
Cells 2024, 13(4), 357; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13040357 - 18 Feb 2024
Viewed by 964
Abstract
The aim of the following review is to shed light on the putative role of regulatory B cells (Bregs) in various human diseases and highlight their potential prognostic and therapeutic relevance in humans. Regulatory B cells are a heterogeneous group of B lymphocytes [...] Read more.
The aim of the following review is to shed light on the putative role of regulatory B cells (Bregs) in various human diseases and highlight their potential prognostic and therapeutic relevance in humans. Regulatory B cells are a heterogeneous group of B lymphocytes capable of suppressing inflammatory immune reactions. In this way, Bregs contribute to the maintenance of tolerance and immune homeostasis by limiting ongoing immune reactions temporally and spatially. Bregs play an important role in attenuating pathological inflammatory reactions that can be associated with transplant rejection, graft-versus-host disease, autoimmune diseases and allergies but also with infectious, neoplastic and metabolic diseases. Early studies of Bregs identified IL-10 as an important functional molecule, so the IL-10-secreting murine B10 cell is still considered a prototype Breg, and IL-10 has long been central to the search for human Breg equivalents. However, over the past two decades, other molecules that may contribute to the immunosuppressive function of Bregs have been discovered, some of which are only present in human Bregs. This expanded arsenal includes several anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-35 and TGF-β, but also enzymes such as CD39/CD73, granzyme B and IDO as well as cell surface proteins including PD-L1, CD1d and CD25. In summary, the present review illustrates in a concise and comprehensive manner that although human Bregs share common functional immunosuppressive features leading to a prominent role in various human immunpathologies, they are composed of a pool of different B cell types with rather heterogeneous phenotypic and transcriptional properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exclusive Review Papers in "Cellular Immunology")
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18 pages, 1701 KiB  
Review
Clinical Aspects of B Cell Immunodeficiencies: The Past, the Present and the Future
by Aisha Ahmed, Elizabeth Lippner and Aaruni Khanolkar
Cells 2022, 11(21), 3353; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11213353 - 24 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2085
Abstract
B cells and antibodies are indispensable for host immunity. Our understanding of the mechanistic processes that underpin how B cells operate has left an indelible mark on the field of clinical pathology, and recently has also dramatically reshaped the therapeutic landscape of diseases [...] Read more.
B cells and antibodies are indispensable for host immunity. Our understanding of the mechanistic processes that underpin how B cells operate has left an indelible mark on the field of clinical pathology, and recently has also dramatically reshaped the therapeutic landscape of diseases that were once considered incurable. Evaluating patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID)/inborn errors of immunity (IEI) that primarily affect B cells, offers us an opportunity to further our understanding of how B cells develop, mature, function and, in certain instances, cause further disease. In this review we provide a brief compendium of IEI that principally affect B cells at defined stages of their developmental pathway, and also attempt to offer some educated viewpoints on how the management of these disorders could evolve over the years. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exclusive Review Papers in "Cellular Immunology")
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28 pages, 1991 KiB  
Review
Dual Immune Regulatory Roles of Interleukin-33 in Pathological Conditions
by Han Guo, Elhusseny A. Bossila, Xinran Ma, Chenxu Zhao and Yong Zhao
Cells 2022, 11(20), 3237; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11203237 - 14 Oct 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3683
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a member of the IL-1 cytokine family and a multifunctional cytokine, plays critical roles in maintaining host homeostasis and in pathological conditions, such as allergy, infectious diseases, and cancer, by acting on multiple types of immune cells and promoting type 1 [...] Read more.
Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a member of the IL-1 cytokine family and a multifunctional cytokine, plays critical roles in maintaining host homeostasis and in pathological conditions, such as allergy, infectious diseases, and cancer, by acting on multiple types of immune cells and promoting type 1 and 2 immune responses. IL-33 is rapidly released by immune and non-immune cells upon stimulation by stress, acting as an “alarmin” by binding to its receptor, suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2), to trigger downstream signaling pathways and activate inflammatory and immune responses. It has been recognized that IL-33 displays dual-functioning immune regulatory effects in many diseases and has both pro- and anti-tumorigenic effects, likely depending on its primary target cells, IL-33/sST2 expression levels, cellular context, and the cytokine microenvironment. Herein, we summarize our current understanding of the biological functions of IL-33 and its roles in the pathogenesis of various conditions, including inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, infections, cancers, and cases of organ transplantation. We emphasize the nature of context-dependent dual immune regulatory functions of IL-33 in many cells and diseases and review systemic studies to understand the distinct roles of IL-33 in different cells, which is essential to the development of more effective diagnoses and therapeutic approaches for IL-33-related diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exclusive Review Papers in "Cellular Immunology")
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27 pages, 4391 KiB  
Review
Multifunctional Role of S100 Protein Family in the Immune System: An Update
by Parul Singh and Syed Azmal Ali
Cells 2022, 11(15), 2274; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11152274 - 23 Jul 2022
Cited by 54 | Viewed by 6626
Abstract
S100 is a broad subfamily of low-molecular weight calcium-binding proteins (9–14 kDa) with structural similarity and functional discrepancy. It is required for inflammation and cellular homeostasis, and can work extracellularly, intracellularly, or both. S100 members participate in a variety of activities in a [...] Read more.
S100 is a broad subfamily of low-molecular weight calcium-binding proteins (9–14 kDa) with structural similarity and functional discrepancy. It is required for inflammation and cellular homeostasis, and can work extracellularly, intracellularly, or both. S100 members participate in a variety of activities in a healthy cell, including calcium storage and transport (calcium homeostasis). S100 isoforms that have previously been shown to play important roles in the immune system as alarmins (DAMPs), antimicrobial peptides, pro-inflammation stimulators, chemo-attractants, and metal scavengers during an innate immune response. Currently, during the pandemic, it was found that several members of the S100 family are implicated in the pathophysiology of COVID-19. Further, S100 family protein members were proposed to be used as a prognostic marker for COVID-19 infection identification using a nasal swab. In the present review, we compiled the vast majority of recent studies that focused on the multifunctionality of S100 proteins in the complex immune system and its associated activities. Furthermore, we shed light on the numerous molecular approaches and signaling cascades regulated by S100 proteins during immune response. In addition, we discussed the involvement of S100 protein members in abnormal defense systems during the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exclusive Review Papers in "Cellular Immunology")
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