Molecular Studies of Aging and Anti-Aging Strategies in Animals and Humans

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cellular Aging".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2024) | Viewed by 9155

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
2. Department of Gynecology, European Competence Center for Ovarian Cancer, Charité, Berlin, Germany
Interests: reproductive aging; epigenetic clocks; telomeres; mitochondria; ovarian cancer
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aging is a natural process that every individual undergoes as they progress through life. Cellular aging and cell aging are terms often used interchangeably to describe the process of deterioration and functional decline in cells as they age. However, there is a subtle distinction between the two concepts. Cellular aging refers to the overall process of aging at the cellular level, encompassing various molecular and physiological changes that occur in cells over time. On the other hand, cell aging refers explicitly to the state or condition of individual cells as they undergo aging processes. Differentiation is important because while cellular aging may involve a wide range of changes that affect multiple cells within an organism, cell aging focuses on the specific characteristics and changes within an individual cell as it ages. The concept of anti-aging refers to efforts and interventions to slow down or reverse the aging process. For this Special Issue, original and review articles on the aforementioned topics that are relevant to humans and animals are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Paweł Kordowitzki
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • aging
  • anti-aging
  • humans
  • animals
  • epigenetic clocks
  • DNA methylation
  • longevity

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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26 pages, 4918 KiB  
Article
Novel Approach to Skin Anti-Aging: Boosting Pharmacological Effects of Exogenous Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) by Synergistic Inhibition of CD38 Expression
by Seongsu Kang, Jiwon Park, Zhihong Cheng, Sanghyun Ye, Seung-Hyun Jun and Nae-Gyu Kang
Cells 2024, 13(21), 1799; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13211799 - 30 Oct 2024
Viewed by 3895
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is indispensable for the regulation of biological metabolism. Previous studies have revealed its role in aging and degenerative diseases, while crucially showing that supplementation with NAD+ or its precursors could ameliorate or reverse the progression of [...] Read more.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is indispensable for the regulation of biological metabolism. Previous studies have revealed its role in aging and degenerative diseases, while crucially showing that supplementation with NAD+ or its precursors could ameliorate or reverse the progression of aging. Despite extensive evidence for the role and action of NAD+ in aging, its pharmacological activity on the skin, or even its mechanism, has not been elucidated. In this study, we established a novel approach to effectively utilize NAD+ for skin anti-aging by enhancing the pharmacological efficacy of exogenous NAD+ using a phytochemical complex consisting of quercetin, and enoxolone through inhibition of CD38. Through the comprehensive in vitro experiments based on human fibroblasts, we observed that exogenous NAD+ could exert protective effects against both extrinsic aging induced by ultraviolet light exposure and intrinsic aging. Additionally, we found that its effects were significantly boosted by quercetin and enoxolone. In this in-depth study, we demonstrated that these beneficial effects are mediated by improved sirtuin activation, autophagy, and mitochondrial functionality. Our approach is expected to verify the applicability of the topical application of NAD+ and offer more effective solutions for the unmet needs of patients and consumers who demand more effective anti-aging effects. Full article
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Review

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24 pages, 2293 KiB  
Review
From Bench to Bedside: Translating Cellular Rejuvenation Therapies into Clinical Applications
by Timur Saliev and Prim B. Singh
Cells 2024, 13(24), 2052; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13242052 - 12 Dec 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2842
Abstract
Cellular rejuvenation therapies represent a transformative frontier in addressing age-related decline and extending human health span. By targeting fundamental hallmarks of aging—such as genomic instability, epigenetic alterations, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular senescence—these therapies aim to restore youthful functionality to cells and tissues, offering [...] Read more.
Cellular rejuvenation therapies represent a transformative frontier in addressing age-related decline and extending human health span. By targeting fundamental hallmarks of aging—such as genomic instability, epigenetic alterations, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular senescence—these therapies aim to restore youthful functionality to cells and tissues, offering new hope for treating degenerative diseases. Recent advancements have showcased a range of strategies, including epigenetic reprogramming, senolytic interventions, mitochondrial restoration, stem cell-based approaches, and gene-editing technologies like CRISPR. Each modality has demonstrated substantial potential in preclinical models and is now being cautiously explored in early-stage clinical trials. However, translating these therapies from the laboratory to clinical practice presents unique challenges: safety concerns, delivery precision, complex regulatory requirements, ethical considerations, and high costs impede widespread adoption. This review examines the current landscape of cellular rejuvenation, highlighting key advancements, potential risks, and the strategies needed to overcome these hurdles. Full article
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24 pages, 2346 KiB  
Review
Pleiotropic Effects of Resveratrol on Aging-Related Cardiovascular Diseases—What Can We Learn from Research in Dogs?
by Arkadiusz Grzeczka, Szymon Graczyk and Pawel Kordowitzki
Cells 2024, 13(20), 1732; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13201732 - 18 Oct 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1939
Abstract
Resveratrol (RES) is a polyphenol with natural anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. It is found in abundance in plants, i.e., grapes and mulberry fruit. In addition, synthetic forms of RES exist. Since the discovery of its specific biological properties, RES has emerged as a [...] Read more.
Resveratrol (RES) is a polyphenol with natural anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. It is found in abundance in plants, i.e., grapes and mulberry fruit. In addition, synthetic forms of RES exist. Since the discovery of its specific biological properties, RES has emerged as a candidate substance not only with modeling effects on the immune response but also as an important factor in preventing the onset and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Previous research provided strong evidence of the effects of RES on platelets, mitochondria, cardiomyocytes, and vascular endothelial function. In addition, RES positively affects the coagulation system and vasodilatory function and improves blood flow. Not only in humans but also in veterinary medicine, cardiovascular diseases have one of the highest incidence rates. Canine and human species co-evolved and share recent evolutionary selection processes, and interestingly, numerous pathologies of companion dogs have a human counterpart. Knowledge of the impact of RES on the cardiovascular system of dogs is becoming clearer in the literature. Dogs have long been recognized as valuable animal models for the study of various human diseases as they share many physiological and genetic similarities with humans. In this review, we aim to shed light on the pleiotropic effects of resveratrol on cardiovascular health in dogs as a translational model for human cardiovascular diseases. Full article
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