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Biosensors
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Nanozymes for Biosensing II
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Nanozymes for Biosensing II

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensor Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 12334

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jing Wei

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
Interests: mesoporous materials; polyphenol; self-assembly; biosensor; catalysis
Dr. Gen Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China
Interests: mesoporous materials; sensor; catalysis; transition metal oxides; environmental remediation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Enzymes have played a central role in the development of biosensors. Their excellent substrate specificity and fast turnover rates make enzymes an ideal component in target recognition and/or signal transduction. However, protein enzymes are prone to irreversible denaturation, and it is difficult to perform enzyme-based assays under harsh conditions such as high temperature, extreme pH, or high ionic strength. To solve these problems, robust artificial enzymes have been developed to replace protein enzymes in the design of bioassays. A recent example is the use of nanomaterials with intrinsic enzyme-like activity (nanozymes). Since the pioneering work by Yan and coworkers in 2007, nanozymes with diverse enzyme-like activities have been identified and are widely used in biomedicine. Compared to protein enzymes, nanozymes are more cost-effective, more stable, and show versatile surface functionalities. The research in this field will provide useful tools for biomedical and environmental applications. The Special Issue Guest Editors sincerely welcome original research papers, review articles, and perspectives with a focus on using nanozymes to develop biosensors for disease diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and food safety.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Design and synthesis of novel nanomaterials (metal, metal oxide, carbon, metal–organic framework etc.) with enzyme-like activities and their applications in biosensing;
  • Investigating the structure–performance relationships of nanozymes towards more controllable activities;
  • Surface modification of nanozymes with small molecules, polymers or biomolecules towards more specific and/or sensitive biosensors;
  • Design of nanozyme–nanozyme or nanozyme–protein cascades to expand the applications of nanozymes in biosensing;
  • Design of stimuli-responsive nanozymes, such as temperature, pH, small biological molecules, enzymes, and/or nucleic acids;
  • Integrating nanozymes with other nanomaterials to achieve multiple functions;
  • Fabricating optical, electrical, and magnetic biosensors for the detection of cancer biomarkers, environmental toxins, and/or food contaminants.

Prof. Dr. Jing Wei
Dr. Gen Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanozyme
  • biosensor
  • nanoparticles
  • cascade reaction
  • metal oxide

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 4906 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of Fe-Doped Peroxidase Mimetic Nanozymes from Natural Hemoglobin for Colorimetric Biosensing and In Vitro Anticancer Effects
by Zahra Mohammadpour, Esfandyar Askari, Farhad Shokati, Hosna Sadat Hoseini, Mojtaba Kamankesh, Yasser Zare and Kyong Yop Rhee
Biosensors 2023, 13(6), 583; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13060583 - 27 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1477
Abstract
Despite their efficiency and specificity, the instability of natural enzymes in harsh conditions has inspired researchers to replace them with nanomaterials. In the present study, extracted hemoglobin from blood biowastes was hydrothermally converted to catalytically active carbon nanoparticles (BDNPs). Their application as nanozymes [...] Read more.
Despite their efficiency and specificity, the instability of natural enzymes in harsh conditions has inspired researchers to replace them with nanomaterials. In the present study, extracted hemoglobin from blood biowastes was hydrothermally converted to catalytically active carbon nanoparticles (BDNPs). Their application as nanozymes for the colorimetric biosensing of H2O2 and glucose and selective cancer cell-killing ability was demonstrated. Particles that were prepared at 100 °C (BDNP-100) showed the highest peroxidase mimetic activity, with Michaelis–Menten constants (Km) of 11.8 mM and 0.121 mM and maximum reaction rates (Vmax) of 8.56 × 10−8 mol L−1 s−1 and 0.538 × 10−8 mol L−1 s−1, for H2O2 and TMB, respectively. The cascade catalytic reactions, catalyzed by glucose oxidase and BDNP-100, served as the basis for the sensitive and selective colorimetric glucose determination. A linear range of 50–700 µM, a response time of 4 min, a limit of detection (3σ/N) of 40 µM, and a limit of quantification (10σ/N) of 134 µM was achieved. In addition, the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating ability of BDNP-100 was employed for evaluating its potential in cancer therapy. Human breast cancer cells (MCF-7), in the forms of monolayer cell cultures and 3D spheroids, were studied by MTT, apoptosis, and ROS assays. The in vitro cellular experiments showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity of BDNP-100 toward MCF-7 cells in the presence of 50 µM of exogenous H2O2. However, no obvious damage was induced to normal cells in the same experimental conditions, verifying the selective cancer cell-killing ability of BDNP-100. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanozymes for Biosensing II)
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12 pages, 1790 KiB  
Article
Enzyme-Regulated In Situ Formation of Copper Hexacyanoferrate Nanoparticles with Oxidase-Mimetic Behaviour for Colorimetric Detection of Ascorbate Oxidase
by Hao Zhang, Dan-Ni Yang, Yan Li and Feng-Qing Yang
Biosensors 2023, 13(3), 344; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13030344 - 04 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1639
Abstract
In this study, a copper hexacyanoferrate nanoparticle with excellent oxidase-mimetic behaviour has been synthesized through a simple precipitation method. The synthesized copper hexacyanoferrate nanoparticle has intrinsic oxidase-like activity, which can catalyze the chromogenic reaction of 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) through an O2•− reactive oxygen-species-participated [...] Read more.
In this study, a copper hexacyanoferrate nanoparticle with excellent oxidase-mimetic behaviour has been synthesized through a simple precipitation method. The synthesized copper hexacyanoferrate nanoparticle has intrinsic oxidase-like activity, which can catalyze the chromogenic reaction of 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) through an O2•− reactive oxygen-species-participated process. On the other hand, K3[Fe(CN)6] can be reduced by ascorbic acid (AA) to produce K4[Fe(CN)6], thereby inhibiting the formation of the copper hexacyanoferrate nanoparticles. Furthermore, ascorbate oxidase (AAO) can catalyze the oxidation of AA to produce dehydroascorbic acid, which cannot reduce K3[Fe(CN)6]. Thus, a system for an AAO-regulated in situ formation of copper hexacyanoferrate nanoparticles was constructed by coupling a prepared copper hexacyanoferrate nanozyme with AA for the detection of AAO activity. This colorimetric sensing assay shows high sensitivity and selectivity for the detection of AAO activity (the limit of detection is 0.52 U/L) with a linear range of 1.1–35.7 U/L. Finally, the developed method was applied to detect the activity of AAO in normal human serum with a satisfactory sample spiked recovery (87.4–108.8%). In short, this study provides a good strategy for the construction of nanozyme-based multi-enzyme cascade-signal amplification assay. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanozymes for Biosensing II)
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15 pages, 4009 KiB  
Article
Metal Coordination-Driven Supramolecular Nanozyme as an Effective Colorimetric Biosensor for Neurotransmitters and Organophosphorus Pesticides
by Preeti Bhatt, Manju Solra, Smarak Islam Chaudhury and Subinoy Rana
Biosensors 2023, 13(2), 277; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13020277 - 15 Feb 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2148
Abstract
Analytical methods for detecting neurotransmitters (NTs) and organophosphorus (OP) pesticides with high sensitivity are vitally necessary for the rapid identification of physical, mental, and neurological illnesses, as well as to ensure food safety and safeguard ecosystems. In this work, we developed a supramolecular [...] Read more.
Analytical methods for detecting neurotransmitters (NTs) and organophosphorus (OP) pesticides with high sensitivity are vitally necessary for the rapid identification of physical, mental, and neurological illnesses, as well as to ensure food safety and safeguard ecosystems. In this work, we developed a supramolecular self-assembled system (SupraZyme) that exhibits multi-enzymatic activity. SupraZyme possesses the ability to show both oxidase and peroxidase-like activity, which has been employed for biosensing. The peroxidase-like activity was used for the detection of catecholamine NTs, epinephrine (EP), and norepinephrine (NE) with a detection limit of 6.3 µM and 1.8 µM, respectively, while the oxidase-like activity was utilized for the detection of organophosphate pesticides. The detection strategy for OP chemicals was based on the inhibition of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity: a key enzyme that is responsible for the hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine (ATCh). The corresponding limit of detection of paraoxon-methyl (POM) and methamidophos (MAP) was measured to be 0.48 ppb and 15.8 ppb, respectively. Overall, we report an efficient supramolecular system with multiple enzyme-like activities that provide a versatile toolbox for the construction of sensing platforms for the colorimetric point-of-care detection of both NTs and OP pesticides. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanozymes for Biosensing II)
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13 pages, 1737 KiB  
Article
Nanozyme-Based Lateral Flow Immunoassay (LFIA) for Extracellular Vesicle Detection
by Baihui Wang, Amanda Moyano, José María Duque, Luis Sánchez, Guillermo García-Santos, Luis J. García Flórez, Esther Serrano-Pertierra and María del Carmen Blanco-López
Biosensors 2022, 12(7), 490; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12070490 - 06 Jul 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2641
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are biological nanoparticles of great interest as novel sources of biomarkers and as drug delivery systems for personalized therapies. The research in the field and clinical applications require rapid quantification. In this study, we have developed a novel lateral flow [...] Read more.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are biological nanoparticles of great interest as novel sources of biomarkers and as drug delivery systems for personalized therapies. The research in the field and clinical applications require rapid quantification. In this study, we have developed a novel lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) system based on Fe3O4 nanozymes for extracellular vesicle (EV) detection. Iron oxide superparamagnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4 MNPs) have been reported as peroxidase-like mimetic systems and competent colorimetric labels. The peroxidase-like capabilities of MNPs coated with fatty acids of different chain lengths (oleic acid, myristic acid, and lauric acid) were evaluated in solution with H2O2 and 3,3,5,5-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) as well as on strips by biotin–neutravidin affinity assay. As a result, MNPs coated with oleic acid were applied as colorimetric labels and applied to detect plasma-derived EVs in LFIAs via their nanozyme effects. The visual signals of test lines were significantly enhanced, and the limit of detection (LOD) was reduced from 5.73 × 107 EVs/μL to 2.49 × 107 EVs/μL. Our work demonstrated the potential of these MNPs as reporter labels and as nanozyme probes for the development of a simple tool to detect EVs, which have proven to be useful biomarkers in a wide variety of diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanozymes for Biosensing II)
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11 pages, 3095 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of Mesoporous CuO Hollow Sphere Nanozyme for Paper-Based Hydrogen Peroxide Sensor
by Dong Cheng, Jing Qin, Youyou Feng and Jing Wei
Biosensors 2021, 11(8), 258; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios11080258 - 30 Jul 2021
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 3934
Abstract
Point-of-care monitoring of hydrogen peroxide is important due to its wide usage in biomedicine, the household and industry. Herein, a paper sensor is developed for sensitive, visual and selective detection of H2O2 using a mesoporous metal oxide hollow sphere as [...] Read more.
Point-of-care monitoring of hydrogen peroxide is important due to its wide usage in biomedicine, the household and industry. Herein, a paper sensor is developed for sensitive, visual and selective detection of H2O2 using a mesoporous metal oxide hollow sphere as a nanozyme. The mesoporous CuO hollow sphere is synthesized by direct decomposition of copper–polyphenol colloidal spheres. The obtained mesoporous CuO hollow sphere shows a large specific surface area (58.77 m2/g), pore volume (0.56 cm3/g), accessible mesopores (5.8 nm), a hollow structure and a uniform diameter (~100 nm). Furthermore, they are proven to show excellent peroxidase-like activities with Km and Vmax values of 120 mM and 1.396 × 10−5 M·s−1, respectively. Such mesoporous CuO hollow spheres are then loaded on the low-cost and disposable filter paper test strip. The obtained paper sensor can be effectively used for detection of H2O2 in the range of 2.4–150 μM. This work provides a new kind of paper sensor fabricated from a mesoporous metal oxide hollow sphere nanozyme. These sensors could be potentially used in bioanalysis, food security and environmental protection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanozymes for Biosensing II)
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