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Novel Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology: From Fabrication Methods and Improvement Strategies...
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Novel Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology: From Fabrication Methods and Improvement Strategies to Applications in Biosensing and Biomedicine (2nd Edition)

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensor Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2026 | Viewed by 4321

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Juan Yan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
Interests: biosensors; DNA nanostructures and nanotechnology; nanomaterials; isothermal nucleic acid amplification; DNA hydrogels; DNA-based biochip and interface sensing technology; new biosensing methodology applied to environmental, food, and health fields
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanotechnology has revolutionized the field of biosensors and biomedical research with the development of new fabrication methods and performance enhancement strategies for novel nanomaterials. Nanomaterials, which are materials with dimensions between approximately 1 and 100 nanometers, exhibit unique physical, chemical, and biological properties that differ from those of bulk materials, single atoms, and molecules. These properties can be exploited to create biosensors that are more sensitive, specific, and reliable than traditional sensors. The use of nanomaterials in biosensors has expanded rapidly in recent years, with nanoparticles, nucleic acids, quantum dots, polymers, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and peptides being used for qualitative and quantitative analyses of biomolecules, proteins, DNA/RNA, biomarkers, metal ions, microorganisms, and toxin pollutants. The performance of biosensors is dependent on the intrinsic characteristics of the materials used in their fabrication, such as physicochemical properties, composition, crystal phases, and morphologies. Therefore, the investigation and exploitation of appropriate materials and advanced nanomaterials are crucial for developing cost-effective, sensitive, biocompatible, and reliable next-generation sensors.

Therefore, the development of new fabrication methods and performance enhancement strategies for novel nanomaterials is critical for the advancement of biosensor devices for various applications, including biological and biomedical, clinical and medical diagnostics, biotechnological, environmental monitoring, and food industries. The combination of advanced materials and analytical techniques signifies the possibility for the advancement of biosensor devices for various applications, including biological and biomedical, clinical and medical diagnostics, biotechnological, environmental monitoring, and food industries.

The aim of this Special Issue is to summarize the latest developments in nanotechnology, investigate methods for the fabrication and improvement of innovative nanomaterials, and explore their potential applications in biosensing and biomedicine, focusing on the following topics:

  • Improvement measures for the performance of nanomaterials/nanostructures to broaden their application prospects.
  • Biosensors or chemical sensors that can be used for medical monitoring, diagnostics, and therapeutic treatments.
  • Research on the development of biosensing capabilities in electrochemical, optical, or other sensor systems.
  • Development of sensor systems based on innovative nanotechnologies.
  • Innovative approaches to nanomaterial production and applications.
  • Innovative approaches to the detection of multiple analytes.
  • New approaches for interface regulation in biosensing.

Dr. Juan Yan
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aptamer
  • aptasensor
  • gold nanoparticles
  • magnetic nanoparticles
  • quantum dots
  • metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)
  • matal oxide nanoparticles
  • tetrahedral DNA nanostructures
  • nucleic acid signal amplification technology
  • nucleic acid
  • DNA/RNA G-quadruplexes
  • i-motif
  • DNA hydrogel
  • biomolecules and biomarkers
  • food contaminants
  • food safety
  • drug delivery
  • environmental waters
  • electrochemical sensors
  • colorimetric sensors
  • SERS biosensors
  • optical sensors
  • lateral flow assays
  • other nano- and microstructures

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 1919 KiB  
Article
Multi-Parametric Electrochemical Sensing Platform: Applications in Animal Welfare
by C. Ferreira, E. Lynch, A. O’Herlihy, F. Barry, L. C. Nagle, S. R. Teixeira and P. Galvin
Biosensors 2025, 15(5), 304; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios15050304 (registering DOI) - 10 May 2025
Abstract
The rapid growth of the dairy sector requires advanced monitoring tools to ensure sustainable practices that benefit the environment, economy, and human health. Current monitoring devices often lack multi-parametric capabilities, limiting their ability to provide comprehensive data on critical chemical and biochemical parameters. [...] Read more.
The rapid growth of the dairy sector requires advanced monitoring tools to ensure sustainable practices that benefit the environment, economy, and human health. Current monitoring devices often lack multi-parametric capabilities, limiting their ability to provide comprehensive data on critical chemical and biochemical parameters. To address this challenge, this work presented the integration of a real-time multi-parametric device with sensors for pH, temperature, nitrate, and nitrite, providing a comprehensive solution to dairy cattle health monitoring. This solution included an electrochemical platform, Portable Unit for Lab-on-Site Electrochemistry (PULSE), and an application for data processing and display. In-house fabricated flexible gold-printed electrodes demonstrated accurate detection of nitrite and nitrate when integrated with the PULSE, achieving sensitivities of 6.32 μA/ppm/cm2 in artificial interstitial fluid and 1.92 μA/ppm/cm2 in phosphate buffered saline, respectively. The PULSE achieved 65.83% and 58.3% lower limits of detection in phosphate buffered saline than a benchtop potentiostat, for nitrate and nitrite, respectively, along with a 24.5% increase in nitrite sensitivity, enhancing its ability to detect lower analyte concentrations. pH sensing was carried out with a commercial screen-printed electrode coated with a layer of iridium oxide. The pH was tested in ruminal complex fluid, obtaining a pH sensitivity of −59.63 mV/pH and an accuracy of 98.9%. These findings highlighted the potential of this technology as an effective tool for dairy cattle health monitoring and its deployment in real-world scenarios. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology: From Fabrication Methods and Improvement Strategies to Applications in Biosensing and Biomedicine (2nd Edition))
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21 pages, 9099 KiB  
Article
Polymerized Alizarin Red–Inorganic Hybrid Nanoarchitecture (PARIHN) as a Novel Fluorogenic Label for the Immunosorbent Assay of COVID-19
by Fatema Kaladari, Mahmoud El-Maghrabey, Naoya Kishikawa, Rania El-Shaheny and Naotaka Kuroda
Biosensors 2025, 15(4), 256; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios15040256 - 16 Apr 2025
Viewed by 349
Abstract
This study seeks to develop and implement a non-enzymatic fluorescent labeling for immunoassay and immunochromatographic assay (ICAs) targeting SARS-CoV-2, to meet the extensive interest and need for effective COVID-19 diagnosis. In this manuscript, we delineate the development, synthesis, and evaluation of a novel [...] Read more.
This study seeks to develop and implement a non-enzymatic fluorescent labeling for immunoassay and immunochromatographic assay (ICAs) targeting SARS-CoV-2, to meet the extensive interest and need for effective COVID-19 diagnosis. In this manuscript, we delineate the development, synthesis, and evaluation of a novel quinone polymer zinc hybrid nanoarchitecture, referred to as polymerized alizarin red–inorganic hybrid nanoarchitecture (PARIHN), which integrates an antibody for direct use in fluorescent immunoassays, offering enhanced sensitivity, reduced costs, and improved environmental sustainability. The designed nanoarchitecture can enhance the sensitivity of the immunoassay and enable rapid results without the complexities associated with enzymes, such as their low stability and high cost. At first, a chitosan–alizarin polymer was synthesized utilizing quinone–chitosan conjugation chemistry (QCCC). Then, the chitosan–alizarin polymer was embedded with the detection antibody using zinc ion, forming PARIHN, which was proven to be a stable label with the ability to enhance the assay stability and sensitivity of the immunoassay. PARIHN can react with phenylboronic acid (PBA) or boric acid through its alizarin content to produce fluorescence signals with an LOD of 15.9 and 2.6 pm for PBA and boric acid, respectively, which is the first use of a boric acid derivative in signal generation in the immunoassay. Furthermore, PARIHN demonstrated high practicality in detecting SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein in fluorescence (PBA and boric acid) systems with an LOD of 0.76 and 10.85 pm, respectively. Furthermore, owing to the high brightness of our PARIHN fluorogenic reaction, our labeling approach was extended to immunochromatographic assays for SARS-CoV-2 with high sensitivity down to 9.45 pg/mL. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology: From Fabrication Methods and Improvement Strategies to Applications in Biosensing and Biomedicine (2nd Edition))
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12 pages, 2012 KiB  
Article
Aptamer-Conjugated Multi-Quantum Dot-Embedded Silica Nanoparticles for Lateral Flow Immunoassay
by Kwanghee Yoo, Hye-Seong Cho, Jaehi Kim, Minsup Shin, Jun-Sik Chu, Sohyeon Jang, Han-Joo Bae, Heung Su Jung, Homan Kang and Bong-Hyun Jun
Biosensors 2025, 15(1), 54; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios15010054 - 16 Jan 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1255
Abstract
Lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) are widely used for their low cost, simplicity, and rapid results; however, enhancing their reliability requires the meticulous selection of ligands and nanoparticles (NPs). SiO2@QD@SiO2 (QD2) nanoparticles, which consist of quantum dots (QDs) embedded [...] Read more.
Lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) are widely used for their low cost, simplicity, and rapid results; however, enhancing their reliability requires the meticulous selection of ligands and nanoparticles (NPs). SiO2@QD@SiO2 (QD2) nanoparticles, which consist of quantum dots (QDs) embedded in a silica (SiO2) core and surrounded by an outer SiO2 shell, exhibit significantly higher fluorescence intensity (FI) compared to single QDs. In this study, we prepared QD2@PEG@Aptamer, an aptamer conjugated with QD2 using succinimidyl-[(N-maleimidopropionamido)-hexaethyleneglycol]ester, which is 130 times brighter than single QDs, for detecting carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 through LFIA. For LFIA optimization, we determined the optimal conditions as a 1.0:2.0 × 10−2 ratio of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to aptamer by adjusting the amounts of PEG and aptamer, phosphate-buffered saline containing 0.5% Tween® 20 as a developing solution, and 0.15 μg NPs by setting the NP weight during development. Under these conditions, QD2@PEG@Aptamer selectively detected CA19-9, achieving a detection limit of 1.74 × 10−2 mg·mL−1. Moreover, FI remained stable for 10 days after detection. These results highlight the potential of QD2 and aptamer conjugation technology as a reliable and versatile sensing platform for various diagnostic applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology: From Fabrication Methods and Improvement Strategies to Applications in Biosensing and Biomedicine (2nd Edition))
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16 pages, 2846 KiB  
Article
Development of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Based Electrodes with Enhanced Dispersion and Electrochemical Properties for Blood Glucose Monitoring
by Dong-Sup Kim, Abdus Sobhan, Jun-Hyun Oh, Jahyun Lee, Chulhwan Park and Jinyoung Lee
Biosensors 2024, 14(12), 630; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14120630 - 19 Dec 2024
Viewed by 852
Abstract
The evolution of high-performance electrode materials has significantly impacted the development of real-time monitoring biosensors, emphasizing the need for compatibility with biomaterials and robust electrochemical properties. This work focuses on creating electrode materials utilizing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), [...] Read more.
The evolution of high-performance electrode materials has significantly impacted the development of real-time monitoring biosensors, emphasizing the need for compatibility with biomaterials and robust electrochemical properties. This work focuses on creating electrode materials utilizing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), specifically examining their dispersion behavior and electrochemical characteristics. By using ultrasonic waves, we analyzed the dispersion of CNTs in various solvents, including N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), deionized water (DW), ethanol, and acetone. The findings revealed that SWCNTs achieved optimal dispersion without precipitation in DMF. Additionally, we observed that the electrical resistance decreased as the concentration of SWCNTs increased from 0.025 to 0.4 g/L, with significant conductivity enhancements noted between 0.2 g/L and 0.4 g/L in DMF. In constructing the biosensor platform, we employed 1-pyrenebutanoic acid succinimidyl ester (PBSE) as a linker molecule, while glucose oxidase (Gox) served as the binding substrate. The interaction between Gox and glucose led to a notable decrease in the biosensor’s resistance values as glucose concentrations ranged from 0.001 to 0.1 M. These results provide foundational insights into the development of SWCNT-based electrode materials and suggest a promising pathway toward the next generation of efficient and reliable biosensors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology: From Fabrication Methods and Improvement Strategies to Applications in Biosensing and Biomedicine (2nd Edition))
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15 pages, 4316 KiB  
Article
Development of a Novel Colorimetric pH Biosensor Based on A-Motif Structures for Rapid Food Freshness Monitoring and Spoilage Detection
by Jiajia Wang, Huiyuan Wang, Hongmin Zhang, Shiqi Yang, Keqiang Lai, Donglei Luan and Juan Yan
Biosensors 2024, 14(12), 605; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14120605 - 10 Dec 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1300
Abstract
Accurate methods for assessing food freshness through colorimetric pH response play a critical role in determining food spoilage and ensuring food quality standards. This study introduces a novel unlabeled DNA sequence, poly-dA20, designed to exploit the colorimetric properties of both the [...] Read more.
Accurate methods for assessing food freshness through colorimetric pH response play a critical role in determining food spoilage and ensuring food quality standards. This study introduces a novel unlabeled DNA sequence, poly-dA20, designed to exploit the colorimetric properties of both the single strand and the fold-back A-motif structure in conjunction with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) under varying pH conditions. When exposed to storage temperatures of 4 °C and 25 °C, the color variations in the AuNP solution, influenced by pH level changes in mutton and sea bass samples’ different storage periods, are easily discernible to the naked eye within a minute. The ratio of UV absorption values at 527 nm and 700 nm (A527/A700) demonstrates a strong linear correlation with both the storage duration and pH of the food samples. Furthermore, a comprehensive analysis combining the total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) value with the A527/A700 ratio is employed for precise assessment of food freshness. The innovative pH-responsive sensing strategy not only provides a new approach for on-site food freshness and spoilage detection systems but also serves as a valuable tool for pH-related biological detection in clinical diagnostic applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology: From Fabrication Methods and Improvement Strategies to Applications in Biosensing and Biomedicine (2nd Edition))
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