Advances in Biomimetics for Sustainable Civil Engineering: Materials, Structures, and Energy-Efficient Systems

A special issue of Biomimetics (ISSN 2313-7673). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomimetics of Materials and Structures".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 July 2026 | Viewed by 2535

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
C-MADE, The Centre for Materials and Civil Engineering for Sustainability, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
Interests: biomimetics; alkali-activated materials; sustainability; sustainable materials; microstructure; porous materials

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Guest Editor
Centre of Materials and Building Technologies (C–MADE), Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Beira Interior (UBI), 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
Interests: biomimetics; sustainable materials; CO2 absorption; CO2 capture; cement
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of Biomimetics focuses on the innovative application of biomimetic principles in building design and sustainable materials within the field of civil engineering. Biomimetics in civil engineering and building materials is a revolutionary, interdisciplinary approach that seeks sustainable and resilient solutions by drawing on the evolutionary design and functional principles of Nature, applying these lessons to both major structural design and material composition. Macro-scale structural and system design cleverly mimics nature's forms and processes to maximise infrastructure performance, such as mimicking termite mounds' passive thermoregulation to build energy-efficient architectural ventilation systems (e.g., the Eastgate Centre building), or leveraging bone (femur) structural efficiency to provide staggering strength with minimal material mass in complex structures like the Eiffel Tower's lattice. In addition, the flexibility and segmentation of bamboo and coastal trees inform seismic- and wind-resilient building design, and studying resilient ant colony networks informs stable foundation and geotechnical design; integration of all ecosystem functions provides 'living' building systems in the form of green roofs for cooling and stormwater management in the city. Contrastingly, on the micro-scale, building materials and composites meticulously replicate the sophisticated mechanics and chemistry of biological materials to yield next-generation products; for example, the laminated microstructure of mollusc shells (nacre) is employed to manufacture high-toughness, fracture-resistant ceramics, and biomineralisation phenomena in bone and coral are leveraged in the creation of self-healing bio-cement that sequesters CO2 for low-carbon cement and concrete. Other material technologies include creating strong, non-toxic, water-repellent adhesives via the imitation of mussel binding proteins and creating self-cleaning, superhydrophobic surfaces via the mimicry of the lotus leaf structure—all towards a profoundly more resilient and regenerative built environment.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Topics for submission may include, but are not limited to, the following sections and subsections:

  1. Biomimetic Materials Science and Innovation
  • Self-healing concrete;
  • Lightweight, high-strength structural materials;
  • Self-cleaning surfaces.
  1. Biomimetic Structural Design and Optimisation
  • Structural elements;
  • Aerodynamic and form-finding optimisation.
  1. Biomimetic Building Systems and Energy Efficiency
  • Passive ventilation and cooling systems;
  • Adaptive building skins/façades;
  • Water harvesting and management.

Dr. Naim Sedira
Prof. Dr. João Castro-Gomes
Dr. Sandra Pereira
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomimetics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomimetics
  • building
  • sustainable materials
  • nature inspired
  • civil engineering
  • resilient materials
  • resilient structure
  • design
  • solving problems

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

64 pages, 12360 KB  
Review
Nacre and Nacre-Inspired Materials: Historical Background, Definition, Fabrication Techniques and Gaps
by Naim Sedira, João Castro-Gomes, Jorge Pinto, Pengkou Hou and Sandra Pereira
Biomimetics 2026, 11(2), 148; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics11020148 - 16 Feb 2026
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Abstract
From Palaeolithic ornaments to modern biomimetics, the use of nacre and shells has evolved. Initially utilised for jewellery and tools, they now inspire the development of advanced materials. This paper reviews the current knowledge on nacre’s composition, focusing on the highly regulated biomineralisation [...] Read more.
From Palaeolithic ornaments to modern biomimetics, the use of nacre and shells has evolved. Initially utilised for jewellery and tools, they now inspire the development of advanced materials. This paper reviews the current knowledge on nacre’s composition, focusing on the highly regulated biomineralisation process wherein amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) transforms into crystalline aragonite. It examines the important role of the organic matrix (specifically soluble, insoluble, and acidic proteins) in controlling crystal nucleation, growth, and polymorph selection. Scientists study natural nacre formation to create nacre-inspired composites for various applications. Charles Hatchett’s in 1799 shell categorisation, Sorby and Sowerby’s 19th-century microscopy, Taylor, Beedham, Bøggild, and Currey’s mid-20th-century research on bivalve structures, and mechanical property investigations in the 1970s are some of the major developments. The hierarchical structure, cooperative plastic deformation, surface asperities, organic–inorganic interactions, and interphase in such complex composite materials give rise to impressive mechanical properties. In the early 2000s, with the emergence of biomimetics, inspired by nacre, several macroscopic structural materials with uniform micro- and nanoscale architectures have been synthesised in recent decades, and their mechanical properties and potential applications have been explored. Modern nacre-inspired fabrication utilises 3D printing for precision, freeze casting for sustainability, and mineralisation for scalability. Techniques like layer-by-layer assembly and nanomaterial integration enhance mechanical performance through advanced interfacial engineering. Full article
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