How to Achieve Carbon Neutrality in Agroecosystem?

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Innovative Cropping Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 March 2023) | Viewed by 5571

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
Interests: carbon and nitrogen cycling in agroecosystem
School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Interests: methanogensis; carbon isotope; paddy soil; soil microorganisms
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Agriculture is the main emission source of non-carbon dioxide greenhouse gases, and agricultural soil has a great carbon sink potential. The U.N. climate conference in Glasgow 2021 recognized that limiting global warming requires rapid, deep, and sustained reductions in global greenhouse gas emissions. This includes reducing global carbon dioxide emissions by 45 percent by 2030, relative to the 2010 level, and to net zero around mid-century, as well as deep reductions in other greenhouse gases. Therefore, agricultural emission reduction and carbon sink increase will undoubtedly contribute to the realization of carbon neutrality. This Special Issue will be dedicated to publishing papers on the role of the agroecosystem in achieving carbon neutrality without compromising crop grain yields. Of central interest is the application of specific management strategies/practices/technologies to enhance soil carbon sequestration and reduce greenhouse gas emissions to facilitate C neutrality in agroecosystem and clarify the underlying biotic and abiotic mechanism.

This Special Issue will mainly address the following scientific issues in agroecosystems:

  1. How can we achieve both carbon sequestration and carbon emission reduction?
  2. How can we achieve both carbon emission reduction and yield promotion?
  3. How can we achieve carbon sequestration, carbon emission reduction and yield promotion?

Dr. Guangbin Zhang
Dr. Yang Ji
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • soil carbon sequestration
  • greenhouse gas emission
  • carbon neutrality
  • agroecosystem
  • grain yield
  • management strategy
  • carbon evaluation methods
  • soil microorganism

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2836 KiB  
Article
Rice Yield and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Due to Biochar and Straw Application under Optimal Reduced N Fertilizers in a Double Season Rice Cropping System
by Dandan Li, Hao He, Guoli Zhou, Qianhao He and Shuyun Yang
Agronomy 2023, 13(4), 1023; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13041023 - 30 Mar 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2595
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impacts of straw and biochar on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and grain yield in a double rice cropping system under optimal N fertilizer reduction. Conventional fertilization (CF) was used as the control group, and treatments included optimal [...] Read more.
This study aimed to investigate the impacts of straw and biochar on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and grain yield in a double rice cropping system under optimal N fertilizer reduction. Conventional fertilization (CF) was used as the control group, and treatments included optimal fertilization and 15% less nitrogen (OF), together with straw (S) or biochar (B) applied under different fertilization conditions, namely CF + S, CF + B, OF + S, and OF + B. The effects of treatments on soil CH4 and N2O emissions were studied, and changes in soil physicochemical properties were analyzed. The results showed that relative to CF, CF + S and OF + S increased the cumulative CH4 emissions by 11.80% and 2.35%, respectively, while CF + B and OF + B resulted in significant reductions in cumulative CH4 emissions by 27.80% and 28.46%, respectively. Biochar was effective in reducing N2O emissions, and OF further increased the potential, with CF + B and OF + B achieving the best N2O reductions of 30.56% and 32.21%, respectively. Although OF reduced yields by 0.16%, this difference was within reasonable limits; the remaining treatments increased grain yields by 2.55% to 3.47%. CF + B and OF + B reduced the global warming potential (GWP) by 27.93% and 28.63%, respectively, and ultimately reduced the greenhouse gas emission intensity (GHGI) by 30.42% and 30.97%. Both straw and biochar increased the soil organic matter, NH4+-N, and NO3-N contents, and biochar increased the soil pH, which may be the potential mechanism regulating soil GHG emissions. Overall, OF + B is beneficial for reducing GHG emissions and may be a better agronomic cropping pattern in double season rice growing areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue How to Achieve Carbon Neutrality in Agroecosystem?)
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17 pages, 5297 KiB  
Article
Effects of Drainage on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Yields of Lowland Rice—Wheat Rotation System in East China
by Hao He, Dandan Li, Feifan Pan, Ze Wu, Fengwen Wang, Dong Wu, Sheng Wu, Shuyun Yang and Youhua Ma
Agronomy 2022, 12(8), 1932; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12081932 - 17 Aug 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2377
Abstract
The subtropical region of East China is characterized by abundant water and temperature resources conducive to crop cultivation, and large areas of lowland have been widely used for agricultural planting. The objectives of the study were to explore feasible methods of greenhouse gas [...] Read more.
The subtropical region of East China is characterized by abundant water and temperature resources conducive to crop cultivation, and large areas of lowland have been widely used for agricultural planting. The objectives of the study were to explore feasible methods of greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction for rice–wheat rotation systems and to explain the mechanism underlying the effect of drainage on GHG reduction. Shallow ditch (SD) and deep ditch (DD) treatments in the wheat season were set up for drainage to control the paddy soil water content, with conventional non-ditching as the control group (CG). CH4 and N2O emission fluxes were continuously measured, and related soil physical and chemical properties were also measured in this study. The results showed that CH4 emissions from paddy soil accounted for most of the global warming potential (GWP) in the rice–wheat rotation system. Drainage led to a significant reduction in cumulative soil CH4 emissions during the rice and wheat seasons; however, the overall cumulative N2O flux increased significantly. The total GWP produced by SD and DD in the three years was reduced by 58.21% and 54.87%, respectively. The GHG emission intensity (GHGI) of SD and DD declined by 60.13% and 56.40%, respectively. The CH4 emission flux was significantly positively correlated with the 5 cm ground temperature but negatively correlated with the soil redox potential (soil Eh). The drainage decreased the soil water and soil organic matter contents and increased soil pH, which were the mechanisms that reduced the CH4 emissions. The drainage increased the soil nitrogen content, which is the main reason for regulating N2O. The findings indicate that SD and DD not only ensured a stable increase in production but also effectively reduced GHG emissions, and we recommend SD treatment for agricultural production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue How to Achieve Carbon Neutrality in Agroecosystem?)
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