Facility Agriculture Robots and Autonomous Unmanned Management for Crops

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Precision and Digital Agriculture".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 September 2025 | Viewed by 628

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
Interests: agricultural robots; intelligent gardening robots
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor Assistant
Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
Interests: agricultural robotics; grippers; mechanical design; machine vision; simulation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Facility agriculture refers to agricultural production activities carried out at artificial facilities to improve crop yield and quality and achieve year-round production. The management of facility crops should take into account efficiency and precision, striving to continuously improve yield and quality through intelligent technical means. As a global research hotspot, facility agriculture robots have played a very important role in this field, and the future will see the development of more interesting and effective facility production techniques for crops.

The application of facility agriculture robots requires, as a basis, research into agronomic mechanisms such as fruit mechanical characteristics, to avoid mechanical damage, and accurate image recognition, to reduce the number of vegetable flowers. Research into these basic agronomic theories represents the premise behind robots being used for efficient production. In the future, the ultimate goal is to build an unmanned and autonomous facility agricultural food production system to provide humans with healthier food. We hope that more scholars will publish high-quality research results to promote development in this field.

Dr. Wei Ma
Guest Editor

Dr. Zhiwei Tian
Guest Editor Assistant

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Keywords

  • autonomous control robot
  • intelligent agriculture
  • laser intelligent fertilization
  • agricultural sensor

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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18 pages, 5323 KiB  
Article
Surface Defect and Malformation Characteristics Detection for Fresh Sweet Cherries Based on YOLOv8-DCPF Method
by Yilin Liu, Xiang Han, Longlong Ren, Wei Ma, Baoyou Liu, Changrong Sheng, Yuepeng Song and Qingda Li
Agronomy 2025, 15(5), 1234; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15051234 - 19 May 2025
Viewed by 158
Abstract
The damaged and deformed fruits of fresh berries severely restrict the economic value of produce, and accurate identification and grading methods have become a global research hotspot. To address the challenges of rapid and accurate defect detection in intelligent cherry sorting systems, this [...] Read more.
The damaged and deformed fruits of fresh berries severely restrict the economic value of produce, and accurate identification and grading methods have become a global research hotspot. To address the challenges of rapid and accurate defect detection in intelligent cherry sorting systems, this study proposes an enhanced YOLOv8n-based framework for sweet cherry defect identification. First, the dilation-wise residual (DWR) module replaces the conventional C2f structure, allowing for the adaptive capture of both local and global features through multi-scale convolution. This enhances the recognition accuracy of subtle surface defects and large-scale damages on cherries. Second, a channel attention feature fusion mechanism (CAFM) is incorporated at the front end of the detection head, which enhances the model’s ability to identify fine defects on the cherry surface. Additionally, to improve bounding box regression accuracy, powerful-IoU (PIoU) replaces the traditional CIoU loss function. Finally, self-distillation technology is introduced to further improve the mode’s generalization capability and detection accuracy through knowledge transfer. Experimental results show that the YOLOv8-DCPF model achieves precision, mAP, recall, and F1 score rates of 92.6%, 91.2%, 89.4%, and 89.0%, respectively, representing improvements of 6.9%, 5.6%, 6.1%, and 5.0% over the original YOLOv8n baseline network. The proposed model demonstrates high accuracy in cherry defect detection, providing an efficient and precise solution for intelligent cherry sorting in agricultural engineering applications. Full article
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18 pages, 4939 KiB  
Article
Design and Evaluation of an Innovative Thermoelectric-Based Dehumidifier for Greenhouses
by Xiaobei Han, Tianxiang Liu, Yuliang Cai, Dequn Wang, Xiaoming Wei, Yunrui Hai, Rongchao Shi and Wenzhong Guo
Agronomy 2025, 15(5), 1194; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15051194 - 15 May 2025
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Abstract
Crops in greenhouses located in cold climates are frequently affected by high relative humidity (RH). This study presents the design, testing, and analysis of a dehumidifier based on thermoelectric cooling. Thermoelectric dehumidifiers (TEDs) are capable of dehumidifying greenhouses in cold regions while recovering [...] Read more.
Crops in greenhouses located in cold climates are frequently affected by high relative humidity (RH). This study presents the design, testing, and analysis of a dehumidifier based on thermoelectric cooling. Thermoelectric dehumidifiers (TEDs) are capable of dehumidifying greenhouses in cold regions while recovering heat for indoor air heating. The design of a TED is based on the specific characteristics of thermoelectric coolers (TECs). A TED consists of a cabinet, four heat exchangers, a duct fan, a water pump, and auxiliary components. The TED performance was evaluated in a Chinese solar greenhouse (CSG) with a volume of approximately 160 m3. The input voltage of the TECs, fan airflow rate, and cold-side fin area affected the TED performance, with their influence varying in magnitude. The radar chart results show that the optimal operating parameters are as follows: a fan airflow rate of 300 m3/h, a TEC input voltage of 15 V, and a cold-side fin area of 0.15 m2. With the TED running for 120 min under the optimal parameters, the RH in the CSG decreased by 25.5%, while the air temperature increased by 3.4 °C. The installation of the TED at the bottom of the CSG improved the growing environment of the crops, particularly in the vertical range between 0.2 m and 1.5 m height inside the greenhouse. These findings provide a valuable reference for applying thermoelectric cooling technology in the greenhouse field. Full article
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