Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are gaining popularity due to their high efficiency and low-cost fabrication. In recent decades, noticeable research efforts have been devoted to improving the stability of these cells under ambient conditions. Moreover,...
In today’s era, monitoring the health of the manufacturing environment has become essential in order to prevent unforeseen repairs, shutdowns, and to be able to detect defective products that could incur big losses. Data-driven techniques and a...
In the 5G era, the demand for high-bandwidth computing, transmission, and storage has led to the development of optoelectronic interconnect technology. This technology has evolved from traditional board-edge optical modules to smaller and more integr...
The system-in-package (SiP) has gained much interest in the current rapid development of integrated circuits (ICs) due to its advantages of integration, shrinking, and high density. This review examined the SiP as its focus, provides a list of the mo...
Extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) is a leading technology in semiconductor manufacturing, enabling the creation of high-resolution patterns essential for advanced microelectronics. This review highlights recent progress in inorganic metal-oxide-...
Identification technology based on biometrics is a branch of research that employs the unique individual traits of humans to authenticate identity, which is the most secure method of identification based on its exceptional high dependability and stab...
The surge in demand for 3D MOSFETs, such as FinFETs, driven by recent technological advances, is explored in this review. FinFETs, positioned as promising alternatives to bulk CMOS, exhibit favorable electrostatic characteristics and offer power/perf...
Bionic prosthetic hands hold the potential to replicate the functionality of human hands. The use of bionic limbs can assist amputees in performing everyday activities. This article systematically reviews the research progress on bionic prostheses, w...
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become integral to modern technology, powering portable electronics, electric vehicles, and renewable energy storage systems. This document explores the complexities and advancements in LIB technology, highlighting t...
Superhydrophobic surfaces, characterized by exceptional water repellency and self-cleaning properties, have gained significant attention for their diverse applications across industries. This review paper comprehensively explores the theoretical foun...
Micro-LED display technology has been considered a promising candidate for near-eye display applications owing to its superior performance, such as having high brightness, high resolution, and high contrast. However, the realization of polarized and...
This article provides a comprehensive review of wide and ultrawide bandgap power electronic semiconductor devices, comparing silicon (Si), silicon carbide (SiC), gallium nitride (GaN), and the emerging device diamond technology. Key parameters examin...
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer films, renowned for their exceptional piezoelectric, pyroelectric, and ferroelectric properties, offer a versatile platform for the development of cutting-edge micro-scale functional devices, enabling innovative...
Advancements in artificial intelligence algorithms and models, along with embedded device support, have resulted in the issue of high energy consumption and poor compatibility when deploying artificial intelligence models and networks on embedded dev...
The interaction between matter and microwaves assumes critical significance due to the ubiquity of wireless communication technology. The selective shielding of microwaves represents the only way to achieve the control on crucial technological sector...
Colloidal systems and their control play an essential role in daily human activities, but several drawbacks lead to an avoidance of their extensive application in some more productive areas. Some roadblocks are a lack of knowledge regarding how to in...
Metal additive manufacturing (AM) is capable of producing complex parts, using a wide range of functional metals that are otherwise very difficult to make and involve multiple manufacturing processes. However, because of the involvement of thermal en...
The development of wearable electronics is revolutionizing human health monitoring, intelligent robotics, and informatics. Yet the reliance on traditional batteries limits their wearability, user comfort, and continuous use. Energy harvesting technol...
Medical imaging techniques, including X-ray mammography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging, play a crucial role in the timely identification and monitoring of breast cancer. However, these conventional imaging modalities have their limitatio...
Implantable biosensors have evolved to the cutting-edge technology of personalized health care and provide promise for future directions in precision medicine. This is the reason why these devices stand to revolutionize our approach to health and dis...
Flexible and stretchable electronics have emerged as highly promising technologies for the next generation of electronic devices. These advancements offer numerous advantages, such as flexibility, biocompatibility, bio-integrated circuits, and light...
Wearable and implantable BioMEMSs (biomedical microelectromechanical systems) have transformed modern healthcare by enabling continuous, personalized, and minimally invasive monitoring, diagnostics, and therapy. Wearable BioMEMSs have advanced rapidl...
From acute to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular cancer, hepatitis B infection causes a broad spectrum of liver diseases. Molecular and serological tests have been used to diagnose hepatitis B-related illnesses. Due to technology limita...
The most popular anode material in commercial Li-ion batteries is still graphite. However, its low intercalation potential is close to that of lithium, which results in the dendritic growth of lithium at its surface, and the formation of a passivatio...
Optical ring resonators (RRs) are a novel sensing device that has recently been developed for several sensing applications. In this review, RR structures based on three widely explored platforms, namely silicon-on-insulator (SOI), polymers, and plasm...
Gallium nitride (GaN) possesses remarkable characteristics such as a wide bandgap, high critical electric field, robust antiradiation properties, and a high saturation velocity for high-power devices. These attributes position GaN as a pivotal materi...
Lithography serves as a fundamental process in the realms of microfabrication and nanotechnology, facilitating the transfer of intricate patterns onto a substrate, typically in the form of a wafer or a flat surface. Grayscale lithography (GSL) is hig...
Photodetectors are critical components in a wide range of applications, from imaging and sensing to communications and environmental monitoring. Recent advancements in material science have led to the development of emerging photodetecting materials,...
Exploring bio-inspired nanomaterials (BINMs) and incorporating them into micro/nanodevices represent a significant development in biomedical applications. Nanomaterials, engineered to imitate biological structures and processes, exhibit distinctive a...
Nanoscale fluorescence emitters are efficient for measuring biomolecular interactions, but their utility for applications requiring single-unit observations is constrained by the need for large numerical aperture objectives, fluorescence intermittenc...
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has attracted great attention in various fields due to its excellent properties, but its inherent hydrophobicity presents challenges in many applications that require controlled wettability. The purpose of this review is t...
The gate-all-around (GAA) nanosheet (NS) field-effect-transistor (FET) is poised to replace FinFET in the 3 nm CMOS technology node and beyond, marking the second seminal shift in device architecture across the extensive 60-plus-year history of MOSFE...
In recent years, several new applications of SiC (both 4H and 3C polytypes) have been proposed in different papers. In this review, several of these emerging applications have been reported to show the development status, the main problems to be solv...
Silicon carbide (SiC) is a promising semiconductor material as well as a challenging material to machine, owing to its unique characteristics including high hardness, superior thermal conductivity, and chemical inertness. The ultrafast nature of femt...
Microfluidic technology plays a crucial role in organ-on-a-chip (OoC) systems by replicating human physiological processes and disease states, significantly advancing biomedical research and drug discovery. This article reviews the design and fabrica...
The integration of advanced sensor technologies has significantly propelled the dynamic development of robotics, thus inaugurating a new era in automation and artificial intelligence. Given the rapid advancements in robotics technology, its core area...
The biosynthesis of algal-based zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles has shown several advantages over traditional physico-chemical methods, such as lower cost, less toxicity, and greater sustainability. In the current study, bioactive molecules present in...
Healthcare technology has allowed individuals to monitor and track various physiological and biological parameters. With the growing trend of the use of the internet of things and big data, wearable biosensors have shown great potential in gaining ac...
Smart contact lenses represent a breakthrough in the intersection of medical science and innovative technology, offering transformative potential in ophthalmology. This review article delves into the technological underpinnings of smart contact lense...
The food industry is one of the most regulated businesses in the world and follows strict internal and regulated requirements to ensure product reliability and safety. In particular, the industry must ensure that biological, chemical, and physical ha...
Directed evolution is a powerful technique for creating biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids with tailor-made properties for therapeutic and industrial applications by mimicking the natural evolution processes in the laboratory. Droplet mi...
Since its discovery in 1989, RNA interference (RNAi) has become a widely used tool for the in vitro downregulation of specific gene expression in molecular biological research. This basically involves a complementary RNA that binds a target sequence...
Optical interferometry has emerged as a cornerstone technology for high-precision length measurement, offering unparalleled accuracy in various scientific and industrial applications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advanc...
The rise of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has moved the digital world in a new direction and is considered the third wave of the information industry. To meet the current growing demand for food, the agricultural industry should adopt updated t...
Electrodes are used in vivo for chemical sensing, electrophysiological recording, and stimulation of tissue. The electrode configuration used in vivo is often optimised for a specific anatomy and biological or clinical outcomes, not electrochemical p...
The combination of integrated optics technologies with nonlinear photonics, which has led to growth of nonlinear integrated photonics, has also opened the way to groundbreaking new devices and applications. In a companion paper also submitted for pub...
GaN-based micro-size light-emitting diodes (µLEDs) have a variety of attractive and distinctive advantages for display, visible-light communication (VLC), and other novel applications. The smaller size of LEDs affords them the benefits of enhan...
This review explores significant advancements in polymer science and fabrication processes that have enhanced the performance and broadened the application scope of microfluidic devices. Microfluidics, essential in biotechnology, medicine, and chemic...
Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) can be synthesized by green methods using plant extracts. These methods are more environmentally friendly and offer improved properties of the synthesized NPs in terms of biocompatibility and functional capabilities. Trad...
MEMS acoustic sensors are a type of physical quantity sensor based on MEMS manufacturing technology for detecting sound waves. They utilize various sensitive structures such as thin films, cantilever beams, or cilia to collect acoustic energy, and us...
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