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Biosphere, Volume 2, Issue 4

2026 December - 4 articles

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Article

284 Views

22 Pages

An Evaluation of Genetic Diversity, Population Structure, and Effective Population Size of Red-and-Green Macaws (Ara chloropterus) and Scarlet Macaws (Ara macao) in Intact Peruvian Rainforest

Kara Gebhardt,
George V. N. Powell,
Donald J. Brightsmith and
Lisette P. Waits

Biosphere2026, 2(4), 15;https://doi.org/10.3390/biosphere2040015

2 November 2026

Many Neotropical parrots are threatened or in danger of extinction due to exploitation and habitat destruction, but mitigating impacts is difficult because key components of their ecology, such as home range sizes, seasonal movements, effective popul...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathways to Coexistence: Wildlife, Human Wellbeing, and Ecological Integrity Across Biosphere Systems)

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Article

231 Views

28 Pages

Spatiotemporal Assessment of Urbanization Impacts on Land Surface Temperature and Urban Heat Island Effect in Tuticorin

Perumal Velmayil,
Prabakaran Kulandaisamy,
Kongeswaran Thangaraj,
Muthuramalingam Rajendran and ,
Venkatramanan Senapathi,
Bangaru Priyanga Sundaram,
Udayanapillai Alagaiah Venu and
Vijaya Tarshini Vallinayagam
+ 3 authors+ 0 author

Biosphere2026, 2(4), 14;https://doi.org/10.3390/biosphere2040014

26 October 2026

This study investigates the effects of rapid urban development on changes in Land Surface Temperatures (LSTs) in the Tuticorin district of Tamil Nadu, India, and their relationship with Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) between 1998 and 2024. The population...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Urban Ecosystems for Healthy People: Challenges, Observations, and Smart Solutions)

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Article

171 Views

17 Pages

Integrating Ecological Connectivity into Conservation of the Last European Free-Flow-River Protected Area

Spase Shumka,
Anisa Petroshi,
Laura Shumka,
Klaudja Koçi and ,
Emir Gjyzeli and
Aleksander Trajçe
+ 1 author+ 0 author

Biosphere2026, 2(4), 13;https://doi.org/10.3390/biosphere2040013

20 October 2026

Habitat fragmentation and human direct intervention in river morphology and hydrology has become one of the severe issues of fluvial ecosystems within the Balkan Peninsula. Thus, it is critical to research and protect native eel habitats. The Balkans...

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224 Views

25 Pages

The Impact of Climate Change on Land Degradation in Najaf Governorate, Iraq

Akram Alqaraghuli and
Peter North

Biosphere2026, 2(4), 12;https://doi.org/10.3390/biosphere2040012

12 October 2026

Land degradation in dryland regions is strongly influenced by climate variability and limited water availability. However, long-term relationships between climate drivers and vegetation dynamics remain poorly understood in many dryland regions of Ira...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable and Resilient Biosphere)

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Biosphere - ISSN 3042-6111

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