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2 pages, 164 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

Formulation of a Multifunctional Nanocomposite Hydrogel Based on Natural Polysaccharides, Biogenic Copper Nanoparticles and Essential Oils

by Andra-Sabina Neculai-Valeanu and Adina-Mirela Ariton

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009005 - 10 May 2022

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Abstract

Background: Copper nanoparticles are of tremendous interest due to their strong antibacterial properties, thereby having the potential to enhance not only the physical and biochemical characteristics of hydrogels but also their antimicrobial activity. Objective: The goal of this study was to develop a [...] Read more.

Background: Copper nanoparticles are of tremendous interest due to their strong antibacterial properties, thereby having the potential to enhance not only the physical and biochemical characteristics of hydrogels but also their antimicrobial activity. Objective: The goal of this study was to develop a multifunctional hydrogel embedded with copper nanoparticles that were manufactured in an eco-friendly manner. Material and Methods: Copper nanoparticles were biologically synthesized using Cinnamon extract which was mixed with the CuSO4 (pentahydrate copper sulphate) solution (0.1 M) in a 1:5 ratio. The CuNPs suspension was primarily characterized by UV–Visible spectroscopy, the spectrums being recorded from 200 to 800 nm. Xanthan gum, a natural polysaccharide, was used as thickening agent in the formulation of the following hydrogels: control gel, with CuSO4 alone), G1, with biogenic CuNPs and G2 with CuNPs and essential oils (oregano, cinnamon, clove, eucalyptus, thyme, and lavender). The Kirby-Bauer diffusimetric method was used to assess comparatively the antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and fungal species for the formulated gels. Results: The presence of the copper nanoparticles was confirmed by the presence of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak recorded at 234–255 nm. The lowest antimicrobial activity was observed in the case of control hydrogel. Hydrogel G1 showed significantly better antimicrobial activity, especially on Staphylococcus epidermidis and Candida albicans. Hydrogel G2, embedded with biogenic CuNPs and essential oils, presented a higher antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and negative bacteria. It also displayed antibiotic activity against MRSA ATCC 33591, a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain with public health significance. Conclusions: When coupled with the specified essential oil blend, copper sulfate demonstrated strong synergistic antibacterial action. Altogether, this work assessed and validated the in vitro antibacterial activity of a polysaccharides-based composite hydrogel comprising biologically synthesized copper nanoparticles and essential oils with potential applications in both human and veterinary medicine. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

2 pages, 165 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

Carbon Nanomaterials as Promising Carriers of Cytostatic Drugs in Cancer Chemotherapy: Pilot Study

by Vladimir A. Shipelin, Ivan V. Gmoshinski, Nikolay A. Riger, Antonina A. Shumakova, Eleonora N. Trushina, Oksana K. Mustafina and Sergey A. Khotimchenko

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009006 - 24 Apr 2022

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Abstract

Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), such as single-walled (SWCNTs) carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and fullerene derivatives, are considered promising agents for the delivery of pharmacological drugs to target organs, including antitumor chemotherapy and theranostics. However, the question arises about CNMs’ possible effects on [...] Read more.

Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), such as single-walled (SWCNTs) carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and fullerene derivatives, are considered promising agents for the delivery of pharmacological drugs to target organs, including antitumor chemotherapy and theranostics. However, the question arises about CNMs’ possible effects on the general toxic and immunotoxic effects of cytostatic preparations when they are administered mutually. This work aimed to study the combined effects of cyclophosphamide (CP) intoxication and oral CNM administration in male Wistar rats. In two experiments lasting 16 and 35 days, MWCNTs, SWCNTs, or polyhydroxylated fullerenol (PHF60) were administered to control or treat CP rats, at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg of body weight daily prepared as dispersions in drinking water. The lethality and integral parameters of the rats were assessed; the content of erythrocytes and leukocytes, biochemical indicators, levels of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors was measured. In the first experiment lasting 16 days, the consumption of both MWCNTs and SWCNTs led to an almost two-fold decrease in mortality caused by the administration of CP. In the second experiment lasting 35 days, a similar decrease in mortality was noted for SWCNTs; the capability of MWCNTs and PHF60 to increase the survival of animals was also pronounced. The administration of MWCNTs, SWCNTs, and PHF60 to the animals reduced the immunotoxic effects of CP, resulting in increased lymphocyte counts and a correction of the imbalance between cytokines and chemokines/growth factors, including IL-4, IL-13, IL-17A, IFN-g, IL-18, GM -CSF, GRO-KC, IL-12p70, IL-1b, IL-7, TNF-a, and VEGF. Thus, various CNMs, when administered together with CP, caused a partial abolition of their general toxic and immunotoxic action, which can be explained by the available literature data on the ability of CNMs to enhance the mobilization, migration, and adhesion of blood cells and trigger immune responses. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

1 pages, 176 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

MNPs-Enriched Biomaterials as Promising Candidates for Nervous Tissue Engineering Applications

by Alexandra Dobranici, Aida Șelaru, Elena Olăreț, Izabela Stancu, Marieta Costache and Sorina Dinescu

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009007 - 24 Apr 2022

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Abstract

Nervous tissue regeneration represents a huge challenge in tissue engineering and therefore, numerous strategies are being investigated for this purpose [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

2 pages, 193 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

Optimization of Synthesis of Bovine Serum Albumin-Encapsulated Fluorescent Gold Nanoclusters

by Radek Ostruszka and Karolína Šišková

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009015 - 10 May 2022

Viewed by 804

Abstract

Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) are nanoscale structures consisting of a few to tens of gold atoms [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

1 pages, 206 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

Gold Nanoclusters Investigated via Femtosecond-Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy

by Veronika Svačinová, Miroslav Kloz and Karolína Šišková

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009023 - 29 Apr 2022

Viewed by 854

Abstract

Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs), with diameters less than 2 nanometers, have particular fluorescent properties. These nanoclusters can be prepared by microwave-assisted synthesis using BSA (bovine serum albumin) as a template [1]. During the synthesis, Au(III) ions are reduced to Au(I) or Au(0), which are [...] Read more.

Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs), with diameters less than 2 nanometers, have particular fluorescent properties. These nanoclusters can be prepared by microwave-assisted synthesis using BSA (bovine serum albumin) as a template [1]. During the synthesis, Au(III) ions are reduced to Au(I) or Au(0), which are bonded to BSA, forming, thus, Au(I)-BSA complexes and/or AuNCs-BSA, respectively. Here, femtosecond-stimulated Raman spectroscopy (FSRS), an ultrafast nonlinear optical technique, is used to study the vibrational structure of Au(I)-BSA complexes and AuNCs-BSA. FSRS has time resolution comparable to the vibrational period of molecular movements (ps to fs) and energy resolution less than 10 cm⁻¹. Three laser pulses are exploited in a typical FSRS experiment: actinic pulse, Raman pulse and probe pulse [2]. According to our preliminary results, FSRS represents a very promising tool in the investigation of Au(I)-BSA complexes and AuNCs-BSA systems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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11 pages, 2868 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Chitosan-Based Hydrogels: Patent Analysis

by Ahmed Fatimi

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009001 - 7 Jul 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2320

Abstract

Research and development in the area of chitosan-based hydrogels is developing rapidly through the innovation and improvement of raw materials, chemical synthesis, methods of preparation, formulations, and fabrication processes, as well as applications. This is evident also from the increase in the number [...] Read more.

Research and development in the area of chitosan-based hydrogels is developing rapidly through the innovation and improvement of raw materials, chemical synthesis, methods of preparation, formulations, and fabrication processes, as well as applications. This is evident also from the increase in the number of patent applications filed each year worldwide in this area. This study, in the form of a patent analysis, which is a family of techniques for studying the information present within and attached to patents, describes the state by introducing what has been patented concerning chitosan-based hydrogels. Four patent databases have been searched, and different keywords and related terms to chitosan-based hydrogels were used, and patents were searched according to title, abstract, and claims. The search was then filtered regarding publication dates, patent classifications, inventors, applicants, owners, and jurisdictions. During the search, 5734 patent documents were found up until 31 December 2021. The United States was ranked first with 2332 patent documents, with a higher patent contribution per total of 40.67%. The year 2021 recorded the maximum number of 576 patent documents as well as the maximum number of 470 patent applications. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the University of California, and Harvard College are considered the top academic innovators in chitosan hydrogel-based research and development in the world. The patent classification codes reveal that most inventions are intended for compositions of polysaccharides or their derivatives and macromolecular materials. Moreover, they are also intended for macromolecular gels and hydrogels or hydrocolloids. The knowledge clusters and expert driving factors of this patent analysis indicate that the research and development based on the formulation of chitosan-based hydrogels for biomedical use is concentrated in most patents. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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8 pages, 599 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Spectroscopic Studies of Interactions of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with Ovalbumin Molecules

by Irina Tsykhanovska, Olena Stabnikova and Sergey Gubsky

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009002 - 22 Apr 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1192

Abstract

Recent studies show the possibility of using iron oxide nanoparticles as a food additive with certain functional and technological properties. However, when developing technologies for food products, the interaction of these particles with the main components of the food matrix, in particular proteins, [...] Read more.

Recent studies show the possibility of using iron oxide nanoparticles as a food additive with certain functional and technological properties. However, when developing technologies for food products, the interaction of these particles with the main components of the food matrix, in particular proteins, takes on special significance. The aim of the present research was to study the interaction of iron oxide nanoparticles with ovalbumin molecules. Fourier-transform infrared and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to study interaction between iron oxide nanoparticles and ovalbumin molecules. It was found that the interaction of iron oxide nanoparticles with ovalbumin molecules occurs via a mechanism of static quenching with the formation of an intermolecular nonfluorescent complex that changes the native structure of the protein. The binding constant varied from 3.6 × 10⁴ to 4.1 × 10⁴ L·mol⁻¹ depending on the pH value of the medium and temperature. The calculated thermodynamic parameters of binding indicate the spontaneity of the process with the predominance of the enthalpy factor. The interaction between iron nanoparticles and ovalbumin occurred mainly due to the presence of electrotatic forces. The obtained data on the mechanism of interaction of iron oxide nanoparticles with proteins should be taken into account when developing food technologies to control functional properties of products. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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8 pages, 835 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

A Delve into the Novel Field of Essential Oil-Based Silver Nanoparticles and Its Anti-Inflammatory Potential

by Shreyashi Pal and Shivesh Jha

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009003 - 24 Apr 2022

Viewed by 1164

Abstract

The overall interest in natural products is ever increasing, which clearly explains the involvement of various essential oils in different aspects of the day-to-day lives of common people. These pharmacologically relevant agents are categorised as secondary metabolites of plants extracted or distilled from [...] Read more.

The overall interest in natural products is ever increasing, which clearly explains the involvement of various essential oils in different aspects of the day-to-day lives of common people. These pharmacologically relevant agents are categorised as secondary metabolites of plants extracted or distilled from different parts of plants, and those that show pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, larvicidal, etc. The synthesis of metal nanoparticles has been developed by including different polymers, capping agents, and metal sources in the reaction. With the advancement of research, biological capping agents are being used for synthesizing metal nanoparticles such as plant extracts, algae, fungi, etc. Essential oil is a newly added member of this list of capping agents. In the case of other metallic nanoparticles produced from biological capping agents, it was seen that the therapeutic activity of the plant material is also present within the synthesized nanoparticles. Similarly, for essential oil-derived nanoparticles, the therapeutic efficacy of the oil will be present within the nanoparticle. So, essential oils derived from plants such as eucalyptus, clove, lavender, etc. can be used to create nanoparticles that can act as anti-inflammatory agents. With work initiating on cumin oil and other oils such as turmeric oil, it can be understood that the field of essential oil-derived nanoparticles is gaining much traction. The poster will present an accumulation of knowledge and show the available literature related to the anti-inflammatory potential of essential oil-mediated silver nanoparticles. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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7 pages, 2291 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Simulation of Indirect ¹³C–¹³C J-Coupling Tensors in Diamond Clusters Hosting the NV Center

by Alexander Nizovtsev, Aliaksandr Pushkarchuk, Semen Kuten, Dominik Michels, Dmitry Lyakhov, Nikolai Kargin and Sergei Kilin

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009004 - 22 Apr 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1163

Abstract

The full tensors ⁿJ_KL (K,L = X,Y,Z), describing n-bond J-coupling of nuclear spins ¹³C in H-terminated diamond-like clusters C₁₀H₁₆ (adamantane) and C₃₅H₃₆, as well as in the cluster C₃₃ [...] Read more.

The full tensors ⁿJ_KL (K,L = X,Y,Z), describing n-bond J-coupling of nuclear spins ¹³C in H-terminated diamond-like clusters C₁₀H₁₆ (adamantane) and C₃₅H₃₆, as well as in the cluster C₃₃[NV⁻]H₃₆ hosting the negatively charged NV⁻center, were simulated. We found that, in addition to the usually considered isotropic scalar ⁿJ-coupling constant, the anisotropic contributions to the ⁿJ-coupling tensor are essential. We also showed that the presence of the NV center affects the J-coupling characteristics, especially in the case of ¹³C–¹³C pairs located near the vacancy of the NV center. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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15 pages, 3292 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Phase Change Material Nanocomposites for Thermal Energy Storage Applications

by Tejashree Amberkar and Prakash Mahanwar

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009008 - 29 Apr 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2163

Abstract

Thermal losses significantly affect the performance efficiency of solar devices, electronic circuits, building materials, air conditioners, refrigerators, etc. Improving thermal buffering capacity is the remedy for this problem. It is achieved by incorporating phase change materials (PCMs). PCMs can absorb, accumulate, or emit [...] Read more.

Thermal losses significantly affect the performance efficiency of solar devices, electronic circuits, building materials, air conditioners, refrigerators, etc. Improving thermal buffering capacity is the remedy for this problem. It is achieved by incorporating phase change materials (PCMs). PCMs can absorb, accumulate, or emit latent heat during the phase transition process at a specific temperature range, making them suitable for thermal energy storage. However, PCMs have two major drawbacks that need to be rectified before use. The first disadvantage is leakage of molten PCM, and the second is low thermal conductivity. Both problems can be resolved by preparing PCM nanocomposites. The strategies of nanocomposite preparation can be briefly classified into three methods, namely blending, encapsulation, and impregnation. The review paper discusses the effect of nanomaterial morphology on the form-stabilization of PCM. The nanomaterials can modify thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and mechanical properties as per application requirements. This article highlights the benefits of using thermal energy storing nanocomposites in widely used application areas such as textiles, building materials, electronics systems, and solar energy storage devices. They can also be utilized for niche applications such as shape memory polymers and infrared thermal stealth. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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9 pages, 2798 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Study of Beeswax–Carbon Nanotubes–Paperboard Nanocomposite for Temperature Regulation of Packaging Container

by Tejashree Amberkar and Prakash Mahanwar

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009009 - 29 Apr 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1277

Abstract

Beeswax is a bio-based organic phase change material. It undergoes solid to liquid phase transition at 61 °C with the phase transition enthalpy of 216 J/g. The high thermal energy storage enthalpy of beeswax is suitable for maintaining a constant temperature. However, the [...] Read more.

Beeswax is a bio-based organic phase change material. It undergoes solid to liquid phase transition at 61 °C with the phase transition enthalpy of 216 J/g. The high thermal energy storage enthalpy of beeswax is suitable for maintaining a constant temperature. However, the low thermal conductivity of beeswax limits the heat transfer rate. Furthermore, beeswax should be form-stabilized to minimize leakage in the molten state. In this study, the thermal conductivity of beeswax was improved with carbon nanotube (CNT) incorporation. The leakage of molten beeswax was minimized by coating it on paperboard. The beeswax–CNT–paperboard nanocomposite was further coated with silicone adhesive. It ensured the retention of molten wax. FTIR spectrum and SEM morphology analysis of the nanocomposites confirmed the physical dispersion of CNTs into the matrix. DSC analysis of nanocomposites showed a reduction of TES enthalpy to 98.52 J/g. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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8 pages, 5681 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

pH Responsive Tunable Plasmonic Resonators Based on Gold-Polysaccharide Nanocomposites

by Sergii Kravchenko, Praskoviya Boltovets, Oleksiy Kovalenko and Borys Snopok

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 10; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009010 - 29 Apr 2022

Viewed by 1005

Abstract

The development of advanced compositions that combine a high stability and tunable activity is a forefront trend in modern interdisciplinary science. This important scientific problem is solved by the formation of plasmonic nanostructures (Au nanoparticles) embedded in the structure of the adaptive organic [...] Read more.

The development of advanced compositions that combine a high stability and tunable activity is a forefront trend in modern interdisciplinary science. This important scientific problem is solved by the formation of plasmonic nanostructures (Au nanoparticles) embedded in the structure of the adaptive organic matrix of natural polysaccharides (glucuronoxylomannan, GXM). The dualistic nature of the composite opens up possibilities for optimizing the material for specific tasks both at the stage of synthesis and during use, this is due to the possibility of varying the spatial structure of the polysaccharide by trigger factors, on the one hand, and excitation of the states of the local surface plasmon resonance of the inorganic architecture by external light, on the other hand. We report the results of a study of the pH-dependent behavior of Au-GXM bionanocomposite, visualized by the absorption of polysaccharide-associated plasmonic nanoparticles. The irreversible conformational changes in polysaccharide macromolecules was shown during the few cycles of the pH level change. Considering a nanocomposite as a molecular nanobot, the “…autonomic preprogrammed structure of atomic level…” opens the way to designing an adaptive natural nanomachine, whose properties can be controlled by external influences. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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10 pages, 4103 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Straightforward Approach for Electrochemical Deposition and Modification of Conductive Polythiophene Thin Films for Bioreceptor Immobilization

by Franziska Verena Oberhaus and Dieter Frense

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009011 - 24 Apr 2022

Viewed by 1230

Abstract

Biosensors offer exciting opportunities for various clinical applications and constitute a rapidly growing research branch due to new generations of bioreceptors, transducers, and biomaterials with versatile characteristics, such as conductive polymers. Polythiophene is a prominent example of conducting polymers and convinces with excellent [...] Read more.

Biosensors offer exciting opportunities for various clinical applications and constitute a rapidly growing research branch due to new generations of bioreceptors, transducers, and biomaterials with versatile characteristics, such as conductive polymers. Polythiophene is a prominent example of conducting polymers and convinces with excellent conductivity and stability—and is yet barely used for the construction of biosensors. We want to address the fundamental lack of straightforward fabrication procedures for bioreceptor immobilization platforms based on polythiophene. We investigate the literature-known monomer 3-thiopheneacetic acid and present our newly developed method for electrochemical coupling of the linker p-aminobenzoic acid to deposited polythiophene films. Aminated bioreceptors can subsequently be immobilized via EDC/NHS click chemistry. Films were electropolymerized and modified by chronopotentiometry, characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, as well as energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Both of the presented methods allow for the fabrication of functionalized polythiophene thin films of high conductivity and good reproducibility while convincing with their ease in synthesis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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6 pages, 1435 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Application of Ferrocene in the Treatment of Winery Wastewater in a Heterogeneous Photo-Fenton Process

by Nuno Jorge, Ana R. Teixeira, Leonilde Marchão, Pedro B. Tavares, Marco S. Lucas and José A. Peres

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009012 - 24 Apr 2022

Viewed by 1048

Abstract

Recent studies in the literature have shown successful applications of the nanomaterial precursor ferrocene (Fc) as a catalyst in heterogeneous photo-Fenton; however, ferrocene has never been used for the treatment of winery wastewater (WW). Therefore, the aim of this work is to: (1) [...] Read more.

Recent studies in the literature have shown successful applications of the nanomaterial precursor ferrocene (Fc) as a catalyst in heterogeneous photo-Fenton; however, ferrocene has never been used for the treatment of winery wastewater (WW). Therefore, the aim of this work is to: (1) characterize Fc by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM); (2) optimize heterogeneous photo-Fenton in WW treatment; and (3) study the kinetic rate and regeneration of Fc. The FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of Fe²⁺ in its composition and SEM images showed that Fc is a porous compound. Under the best operational conditions—[Fc] = 0.50 g/L, [H₂O₂] = 194 mM, pH = 3.0, agitation = 350 rpm, T = 298 K, radiation UV-C, t = 240 min—significant TOC removal was achieved (82.7%). The results showed that the Fc catalyst decreased its stability across three consecutive cycling processes, with the TOC removals decreasing to 82.7, 76.2 and 63.9% for the first, second and third cycles. Fermi’s non-linear kinetic model was applied, observing a k_TOC of 4.77 × 10⁻² min⁻¹. In conclusion, ferrocene is a suitable compound for the treatment of WW with the heterogeneous photo-Fenton process. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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7 pages, 2187 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Novel Electrodes Based on the Electropolymerized Nanocoatings for the Selective Voltammetric Quantification of Flavanones

by Guzel Ziyatdinova, Elvira Yakupova and Anastasiya Zhupanova

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009013 - 22 Apr 2022

Viewed by 1058

Abstract

Chemically modified electrodes based on polymer nanocoatings as sensitive layers are some of the intensively developed areas in modern electroanalysis. Electropolymerization of compounds containing phenolic fragments is a promising approach for electrode surface modification. Novel electrodes based on a combination of carbon nanotubes [...] Read more.

Chemically modified electrodes based on polymer nanocoatings as sensitive layers are some of the intensively developed areas in modern electroanalysis. Electropolymerization of compounds containing phenolic fragments is a promising approach for electrode surface modification. Novel electrodes based on a combination of carbon nanotubes and electropolymerized ellagic acid or aluminon were developed for the direct quantification of flavanones (naringin and hesperidin)—the major flavonoids of Citrus fruits. The conditions of monomers’ potentiodynamic electropolymerization were optimized. Electrode surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical methods. A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and poly(ellagic acid) allowed for the quantification of naringin in the ranges of 0.050–1.0 and 1.0–100 µM with the detection and quantification limits of 14 and 47 nM, respectively. Simultaneous voltammetric quantification of naringin and hesperidin in the ranges of 0.10–2.5 and 2.5–25 µM for both analytes with the detection limits of 20 nM and 29 nM for naringin and hesperidin, respectively, was achieved on GCE modified with polyaminobenzene sulfonic acid functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (f-SWCNTs) and polyaluminon. High selectivity of the electrodes’ responses to flavanones in the presence of typical interferences and natural phenolics was confirmed. The approaches were successfully applied to Citrus juices. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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5 pages, 1208 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Effects of Exceptional Points on the Optical Properties of a Quantum Dot in a Microcavity

by Adamantios P. Synanidis, Andreas F. Terzis and Emmanuel Paspalakis

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009014 - 25 Apr 2022

Viewed by 943

Abstract

We theoretically study the effect of quantum exceptional points on the optical properties of a quantum dot placed inside an optical microcavity and interacting with a weak probe field. Using a quantum approach, we study the steady-state behavior of the system and calculate [...] Read more.

We theoretically study the effect of quantum exceptional points on the optical properties of a quantum dot placed inside an optical microcavity and interacting with a weak probe field. Using a quantum approach, we study the steady-state behavior of the system and calculate the optical susceptibility. By separating the total susceptibility into two equivalent susceptibilities, corresponding to fictitious free quantum emitters, we show exceptional points’ drastic effect on the optical properties of the system close to the region where the exceptional point is formed. We further examine the optical properties of the system in the regions of the parameter space that arise from the exceptional condition, namely the strong coupling regime and the weak coupling regime. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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6 pages, 2027 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Metal-Catechol Network (MCN) Based Bioactive Surface Engineering of Iron Reinforced Hydroxyapatite Nanorods for Bone Tissue Engineering

by Zahid Hussain, Ismat Ullah, Zhuangzhuang Zhang and Renjun Pei

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009016 - 22 Apr 2022

Viewed by 1327

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a calcium phosphate-based inorganic constitute in bones and teeth. The synthesis of nanostructured rods that mimic the natural bone apatite has attracted significant attention. Unfortunately, pristine HAp is unsuitable for clinical translation due to its brittleness, limited strength, uncontrolled leaching, [...] Read more.

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a calcium phosphate-based inorganic constitute in bones and teeth. The synthesis of nanostructured rods that mimic the natural bone apatite has attracted significant attention. Unfortunately, pristine HAp is unsuitable for clinical translation due to its brittleness, limited strength, uncontrolled leaching, and poor surface properties. These limitations necessitate size reduction, surface modification, and ion incorporation to expand their scope in bone reconstruction. Herein, iron-reinforced hydroxyapatite nanorods (Fe-HAp) were used as an inorganic component, and catechol-modified gelatin methacryloyl was employed as a surface functional modifier agent. Our study highlighted that Fe-doped HAp nanomaterials are more promising for developing bioactive surfaces than other ion-incorporated nanomaterials due to their metal-catechol network (MCN) surface engineering. Nanostructural, surface chemistries, cytocompatibility, and matrix mineralization characteristics of Fe-HAp and Fe-HAp/MCN nanorods have been comparatively studied. The results support that MCN-coated nanorod surfaces improved HAp cytocompatibility, bioactivity, and phase compatibility between organic/inorganic nanomaterials, which could be crucial for bone reconstruction. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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5 pages, 704 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Strong Light–Matter Interaction of a Quantum Emitter near a Graphene Nanodisk

by Ioannis Thanopulos, Vasilios Karanikolas and Emmanuel Paspalakis

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009017 - 25 Apr 2022

Viewed by 950

Abstract

We study the spontaneous emission dynamics of a quantum emitter near a graphene nanodisk. We analyze the population dynamics of the excited state of the quantum emitter and also explore its dynamics as a non-Markovian open system. Specifically, we quantify the non-Markovian spontaneous [...] Read more.

We study the spontaneous emission dynamics of a quantum emitter near a graphene nanodisk. We analyze the population dynamics of the excited state of the quantum emitter and also explore its dynamics as a non-Markovian open system. Specifically, we quantify the non-Markovian spontaneous emission dynamics using different non-Markovianity measures and calculate the quantum speed limit under non-Markovian evolution. We find strong light-matter coupling conditions for the quantum emitter near the graphene nanodisk, which are manifested in either distinct decaying Rabi oscillations or population trapping effects in the excited state population dynamics of the quantum emitter, depending on the parameters of the system. We also show that the values of the non-Markovianity measures and of the potential quantum speed up are large under strong light–matter coupling conditions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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5 pages, 354 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Optical Transparency near a MoS₂ Nanodisk

by Nikos Iliopoulos, Ioannis Thanopulos, Vasilios Karanikolas and Emmanuel Paspalakis

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009018 - 24 Apr 2022

Viewed by 973

Abstract

It has recently been shown that the molybdenum disulfide (MoS

_{2}

) nanodisk leads to sharp and high peaks in the Purcell enhancement factor of a quantum emitter nearby the nanodisk, leading to strong light–matter coupling with nearby quantum systems. In this work, [...] Read more.

It has recently been shown that the molybdenum disulfide (MoS

_{2}

) nanodisk leads to sharp and high peaks in the Purcell enhancement factor of a quantum emitter nearby the nanodisk, leading to strong light–matter coupling with nearby quantum systems. In this work, we show that the strong coupling at the nanoscale can lead to vacuum-induced transparency. For example, we study the case where a three-level quantum system is placed near an MoS

_{2}

nanodisk. We find that we may obtain either single or multiple vacuum-induced transparency effects, depending on the distance between the quantum system and the MoS

_{2}

nanodisk and the resonance energy of the quantum system. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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5 pages, 798 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Resonance Fluorescence of a Quantum Dot near a Metallic Nanoparticle: Quantum Interference Effects

by Spyridon G. Kosionis, Vassilios Yannopapas, Ioannis Thanopulos and Emmanuel Paspalakis

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 19; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009019 - 22 Apr 2022

Viewed by 938

Abstract

In recent years, significant attention was given to the quantum or nonlinear optical properties of semiconductor quantum dots coupled to plasmonic nanostructures. A phenomenon that was studied is the modification of the resonance fluorescence spectrum of the quantum dot by the presence of [...] Read more.

In recent years, significant attention was given to the quantum or nonlinear optical properties of semiconductor quantum dots coupled to plasmonic nanostructures. A phenomenon that was studied is the modification of the resonance fluorescence spectrum of the quantum dot by the presence of the plasmonic nanostructure. The most common plasmonic nanostructure studied is the metallic (mainly gold or silver) nanosphere and, in most studies, the quantum dot is modeled as a two-level quantum system. In this work, we model the quantum dot structure with a three-level V-type quantum system, which can naturally arise in quantum dots, and study the resonance fluorescence spectrum near a metallic nanosphere. We show that the present system leads to quantum interference effects due to the presence of the metallic nanoparticle and specifically due to the anisotropic Purcell effect that occurs in the photon emission of the quantum dot near the metallic nanosphere. We then study the resonance fluorescence spectrum for different distances between the quantum dot and the metallic nanosphere, and show that the resonance fluorescence spectrum changes significantly from a single-peak spectrum to a multipeak spectrum. The effects of quantum interference in the resonance fluorescence spectrum are also explored. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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5 pages, 1016 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Formation of Polaron Bands in Oxidized 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene Oligomer

by Mariia Terebinska, Oksana Filonenko, Olha Tkachuk, Andrii Datsiuk and Viktor Lobanov

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009020 - 29 Apr 2022

Viewed by 892

Abstract

The results of calculations by the DFT method with the exchange–correlation functional B3LYP 6–31 G** of the electronic and spatial structure of the 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene oligomer containing 12 units (E12) in the charge states 0, +1, +2, +3 and +4 were obtained. Increasing the [...] Read more.

The results of calculations by the DFT method with the exchange–correlation functional B3LYP 6–31 G** of the electronic and spatial structure of the 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene oligomer containing 12 units (E12) in the charge states 0, +1, +2, +3 and +4 were obtained. Increasing the charge reproduces the increase in the degree of doping. The received results allow us to conclude that in the oxidized oligomer of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene containing 12 monomer units, conductivity is provided by the formation of two polarons at the ends of the chain at a high degree of doping. For oligomers with a different number of units in poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene, more complex polaron structures can be realized by charge carriers. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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5 pages, 1772 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Toxic Effects of Nickel Nanoparticles in a Subacute Oral Administration to Rats

by Ivan V. Gmoshinski, Vladimir A. Shipelin, Nikolay A. Riger, Anastasia S. Balakina, Nikita V. Trusov, Galina V. Guseva and Sergey A. Khotimchenko

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009021 - 22 Apr 2022

Viewed by 1100

Abstract

The toxic effects of nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) in their 92-day oral administration to male Wistar rats at doses of 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/kg body weight were evaluated. An increase in glycemia, triglyceride, LDL, total protein, and its globulin fraction levels were noticed [...] Read more.

The toxic effects of nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) in their 92-day oral administration to male Wistar rats at doses of 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/kg body weight were evaluated. An increase in glycemia, triglyceride, LDL, total protein, and its globulin fraction levels were noticed in NiNPs exposed rats. NiNPs caused a decrease in reserves of liver glutathione and excretion of selenium in the urine, and an increase in serum levels of cytokines IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-12p70, TNF-α, and INF-γ, with a simultaneous decrease in IL-17A as well as increased fibrosis-marking gene and Tp53 expression. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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7 pages, 1732 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Impurity Ferromagnetism of Pd-Fe and Pd-Co Alloys: Ab Initio vs. Experiment

by Alexandra Korableva, Irina Piyanzina, Amir Gumarov, Igor Yanilkin and Rustam Khaibullin

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009022 - 22 Apr 2022

Viewed by 1323

Abstract

We have performed full-stack research of Pd_1−xFe_x and Pd_1-xCo_x (x = 0.01–0.1) alloys. At the first stage, the occurrence of impurity ferromagnetism in the considered alloys was studied employing the density functional theory (DFT). [...] Read more.

We have performed full-stack research of Pd_1−xFe_x and Pd_1-xCo_x (x = 0.01–0.1) alloys. At the first stage, the occurrence of impurity ferromagnetism in the considered alloys was studied employing the density functional theory (DFT). At the second stage, magnetic impurities of Fe and Co atoms were implanted into epitaxial Pd thin films to verify the DFT results. The magnetic properties of implanted Pd films were investigated by a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) in the temperature range from 5 to 300 K. It has been established that VSM results are in good agreement with ab initio calculations. In particular, 4 and 5 µ_B for Co found from VSM for x = 0.025 and x = 0.035 agree well with DFT value of 5.5 µ_B for x = 0.025. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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17 pages, 5717 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Immobilization of Fungal Peroxidase on Paramagnetic Nanoparticles for Synthetic Dye Decolorization

by Kingsley O. Omeje, Chinonso Magbo, Emmanuel C. Ossai, Juliet N. Ozioko, Benjamin O. Ezema, Nonso E. Nnolim and Sabinus O. O. Eze

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 24; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009024 - 19 Jul 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1480

Abstract

Peroxidase was produced by Aspergillus flavus KIGC on the 11th day of fermentation when grown on banana peel as the sole carbon source. It was purified 8.86-fold with a percentage of recovery of 49.72%. The purified peroxidase was immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles and [...] Read more.

Peroxidase was produced by Aspergillus flavus KIGC on the 11th day of fermentation when grown on banana peel as the sole carbon source. It was purified 8.86-fold with a percentage of recovery of 49.72%. The purified peroxidase was immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles and characterized using DLS, DSC, XRD, FTIR, and SEM analyses. The results suggested an adequate nanoparticle formulation and an effective enzyme immobilization. The optimal temperatures for free and immobilized peroxidase were 75 and 70 °C, respectively; an optimum pH of 5.0 and 9.0 was obtained for the free enzyme and 6.5 and 9.0 for the immobilized peroxidase, respectively. AKm of 0.075mM and a catalytic efficiency of 90.66Mol/S-1 were achieved by the immobilized peroxidase on guaiacol as the substrate. The immobilized peroxidase exhibited enhanced synthetic dye decolorization ability. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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6 pages, 2298 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Lipid-Based Nanosystems to Carry Manganese Derivatives for Diagnostic Purpose

by Maddalena Sguizzato, Walter Pula, Markus Drechsler, Lorenza Marvelli and Rita Cortesi

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009025 - 25 Apr 2022

Viewed by 1176

Abstract

This study focuses on the design, production, and characterization of lipid-based nanosystems for the delivery of manganese-based compounds in diagnostic multimodal imaging techniques. Anionic liposomes, obtained by the direct hydration method and extrusion, were homogeneous, monodispersed, and negatively charged. The loading of manganese-based [...] Read more.

This study focuses on the design, production, and characterization of lipid-based nanosystems for the delivery of manganese-based compounds in diagnostic multimodal imaging techniques. Anionic liposomes, obtained by the direct hydration method and extrusion, were homogeneous, monodispersed, and negatively charged. The loading of manganese-based compounds was nearly quantitative, their magnetic properties were retained, and the in vitro cytotoxicity on human keratinocytes highlighted that liposomes loaded with hydrophilic manganese derivatives did not affect cell viability, while liposomes loaded with lipophilic manganese derivatives showed a dose-dependent antiproliferative effect. Further experiments need to be carried out to clarify both the type and concentration of manganese derivative to be used. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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8 pages, 2397 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Self-Assembly of Y-Shaped Polymer Brushes with Low Poly-Dispersity

by Petr Fridrich and Zbyšek Posel

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009026 - 22 Apr 2022

Viewed by 865

Abstract

Y-shaped polymer brushes contain two homopolymer branches attached at single grafting points. So far, monodisperse systems have mostly been studied in theory and through simulation. Introducing polydispersity can reveal new options to control the surface morphology. Here, we employ dissipative particle dynamics and [...] Read more.

Y-shaped polymer brushes contain two homopolymer branches attached at single grafting points. So far, monodisperse systems have mostly been studied in theory and through simulation. Introducing polydispersity can reveal new options to control the surface morphology. Here, we employ dissipative particle dynamics and vary the brush grafting density, composition of the branches, and their incompatibility to describe complex behavior of brushes at good solvent conditions. We show that scaling of the brush height obtained from simulations agrees with the theory and that usual structures, ripples, and aggregates, are shown for monodisperse systems. Finally, we observe the formation of a perforated layer instead of a ripple structure for polydisperse systems and formation of slightly asymmetric phase diagram. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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6 pages, 4325 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

SERS Detection of Methylene Blue and Crystal Violet Using Silver Nanostars

by José Luis Zamora-Navarro, Daniela González-Zárate, Mario A. Díaz-Solís, María Guadalupe Soriano-Rosales, Yuri B. Okolodkov and Luis Zamora-Peredo

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009027 - 24 Apr 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1991

Abstract

In this work, silver nanostars were synthesized using silver nitrate, ascorbic acid and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), where the concentration of PVP varied from 0.1 to 10 mM. The morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy where it was observed that the diameter decreases as [...] Read more.

In this work, silver nanostars were synthesized using silver nitrate, ascorbic acid and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), where the concentration of PVP varied from 0.1 to 10 mM. The morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy where it was observed that the diameter decreases as the PVP concentration decreases. By UV–Vis absorption measurements typical nanostar spectra were found. In addition, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates were fabricated by depositing silver nanostars over copper film to detect methylene blue and crystal violet. This study allowed us to identify nanostars as an excellent nanostructure for the fabrication of ultrasensitive SERS substrates for the detection of persistent organic pollutants. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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4 pages, 496 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Comparison of Optoelectronic Properties of Doped and Pristine Nanotubes Based on Carbon and Tungsten Disulfide

by Maxim I. Paukov, Anastasia E. Goldt, Gennadiy A. Komandin, Alexander V. Syuy, Dmitry I. Yakubovskiy, Sergei Novikov, Reshef Tenne, Alla Zak, Albert G. Nasibulin, Alexey V. Arsenin, Valentin Volkov and Maria G. Burdanova

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009028 - 22 Apr 2022

Viewed by 876

Abstract

The optoelectronic properties of one-dimensional nanomaterials play an important role in electronic devices. In the present work, pristine and doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and WS₂ nanotubes (WS₂NT) are investigated by using absorption, Raman, and THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). We demonstrate [...] Read more.

The optoelectronic properties of one-dimensional nanomaterials play an important role in electronic devices. In the present work, pristine and doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and WS₂ nanotubes (WS₂NT) are investigated by using absorption, Raman, and THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). We demonstrate that the one-dimensional materials share similar properties associated with curvature and location in comparison with two-dimensional materials. In addition, we show how doping influences these properties. Our results pave the way toward the application of such materials as prospective materials for optoelectronic devices, including future wireless communication devices. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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14 pages, 2497 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Dispersion Stability of MWCNTs Decorated with Ag Nanoparticles through Pulse-Reversed Current Electrodeposition Using a Deep Eutectic Solvent

by Ana T. S. C. Brandão, Sabrina Rosoiu, Renata Costa, A. Fernando Silva, Liana Anicai, Carlos M. Pereira and Marius Enachescu

Mater. Proc. 2022, 9(1), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022009029 - 29 Apr 2022

Viewed by 1487

Abstract

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) represent a unique class of nanomaterials with remarkable properties with a wide variety of applications in diverse scientific and technical domains. However, one of the many challenges still requiring improvement is undoubtedly their dispersion stability. The control of the dispersion [...] Read more.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) represent a unique class of nanomaterials with remarkable properties with a wide variety of applications in diverse scientific and technical domains. However, one of the many challenges still requiring improvement is undoubtedly their dispersion stability. The control of the dispersion stability of CNTs is a challenge due to the strong van der Waals forces that lead to their aggregation. Metallic nanoparticles (NPs), such as silver (AgNPs), in the presence of a capping agent, e.g., poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP 10), are recognized as having a key role in the increase of the stability of NP dispersions, and if incorporated in multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs), may help surpass the MWCNTs’ aggregation problem. The present work reports the enhancement of the stability of MWCNTs upon decoration by AgNPs, using an electrochemical method to generate the silver ions and promote the electrodeposition of silver. To validate the increase in stability of the Ag-decorated MWCNTs, two solvents were used, water and glyceline, a eutectic mixture of choline chloride and glycerol. The time stability of bare MWCNT and AgMWCNT nanofluids was characterized through dynamic light scattering (DLS) and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectrophotometry. Compared to commercial MWCNTs, MWCNTs decorated with AgNPs presented a significant stability enhancement, in both water and glyceline. Glyceline also presented higher stability over time, with a retention of UV–Vis absorbance up to 97%, compared to 50% for water media. The DLS and turbidity experiments showed the same trend of MWCNTs’ stability in water and glyceline. In both cases, the use of AgMWCNT materials improved the stability of the dispersions 25× in glyceline and 2.5× in water, when compared to the stability of bare MWCNT dispersions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials)

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