Fire, Volume 6, Issue 3

Carbon capture and use may provide motivation for the global problem of mitigating global warming from substantial industrial emitters. Captured CO₂ may be transformed into a range of products such as methanol as renewable energy sources. Polymers, c...

Communities and ecosystems may be particularly vulnerable to fire hazard. In addition, modern societies are connected with interdependent infrastructures, and the assessment of their resilience to fire may be extremely challenging. In this regard, fi...

Longitudinal ventilation and smoke extraction by shaft are common smoke control methods in road tunnel fires. Tunnels often adopt one of these methods in practical engineering. However, it may have a better effect to adopt the method of mixing the tw...

As thermoplastic materials are widely used in buildings, the fire hazards of thermoplastic materials are increasingly becoming a central issue in fire safety research due to their unique pyrolysis and melting mechanisms. In this paper, the features a...

This paper presents experimental research into the propagation of a liquid fuel combustion front interacting with a fire barrier made of CO₂ hydrate and ice. The combustible liquids studied here were kerosene, gasoline, Diesel fuel, oil, petroleum, a...

Closed coal bunkers emerged as a novel form of coal storage for coal-fired power stations. Nevertheless, heat builds continually in the storage process because of the constant oxidation of coal and combined with the impact of a confined coal bunker e...

In 2019, the southern region of Eastern Siberia (located between 45° N and 60° N) experienced heavy floods, while the northern region (between 60° N and 75° N) saw intense forest fires that lasted for almost the entire summer, from 25...

Storage tank fires can endanger society and the environment by generating intense heat radiation, rapidly spreading blazes, and cataclysmic explosions. Various types of foam and even two or more mixed foams are commonly used in storage tank fire disp...

The Fire Weather Index (FWI) is used to assess meteorological fire danger worldwide. It has been argued that it lacks an atmospheric instability term. A new enhanced FWI (FWIe) was recently developed incorporating atmospheric instability in the form...

Steel-fiber-reinforced scoria aggregate concrete (SFSAC), which contains scoria aggregate and steel fiber, was developed to reduce the environmental impacts and improve the energy efficiency of buildings. Experimental studies were performed. The test...

Providing high-quality care services and fire safety for long-term care institutions is an important issue in Taiwan, which became an aging society in 2018. The fire incidents in Taiwan over the years show that nighttime fires in care institutions of...

Since it is low in cost and low in toxicity and has good biodegradability, gas-liquid-foam three-phase flow has been widely used in industrial fire protection. Due to the different characteristics of gas, liquid, and foam, liquid precipitation is lia...

With the rapid development of worldwide computer data center construction, the reliability requirements of the fire-fighting system for data center rooms are also increasing. By using the self-designed simulation platform of liquid nitrogen spray, th...

In order to study the characteristics of fire smoke spread and temperature distribution of a large indoor pedestrian street under different heat release rates and smoke exhaust modes, this paper focuses on the analysis of fire smoke spread, visibilit...

Glass is widely used for the manufacture of the facades and interior glazing of buildings. Glass structures are subject to high fire safety requirements. Two methods are employed in this work: experimental studies of small-sized and large-sized sampl...

Volatile oils in forest fuel can significantly affect forest fire behavior, especially extreme fire behavior, e.g., deflagration, fire storms, blowups, eruptive fires and crown fires. However, how these oils influence fire behavior remains unclear, a...

We characterize fire regimes in central Portugal and investigate the degree to which the differences between regimes are influenced by a set of biophysical drivers. Using civil parishes as units of analysis, we employ three complementary parameters t...

Single-ended tunnels are a typical structure and an important part during tunnel construction. In the case of a fire in a single-ended tunnel, forced ventilation is commonly used to create a safe area near the excavation face. This work is aimed at e...

Fire occurrence affects the distribution of key resources for fauna in natural ecosystems worldwide. For fire management strategies adequate for biodiversity conservation, the understanding of how species respond to fire-induced changes is essential....

Smoke production in a smoke chamber is characterized by the accumulation of smoke and the continuous consumption of oxygen leading to a vitiated atmosphere. However, a method is proposed to predict the smoke evolution in a smoke chamber at 25 kW/m² b...

Increasing global temperatures and variability in the timing, quantity, and intensity of precipitation and wind have led to longer fire season lengths, greater fuel availability, and more intense and severe wildfires [...]

Identifying the regions with urban vulnerability to potential fire hazards is crucial for designing effective risk mitigation and fire prevention strategies. The present study aims to identify urban areas at risk of fire using 19 evaluation factors a...

Metastable intermolecular composites (MICs) based on Al/PVDF have become one of the most important materials in the field of additive manufacturing of energetic materials due to their high energy density and designability. In this work, the energy ut...

Gulf cordgrass (Spartina spartinae [Trin.] Merr. ex Hitchc.) and seacoast bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium [Michx.] Nash var. littorale [Nash] Gould) are dominant native warm season grasses in the Texas Coastal Prairies and Marshes ecoregion. Mature...

Fuel and wildfire management decisions related to fuel break construction, maintenance, and use in fire suppression suffer from limited information on fuel break success rates and drivers of effectiveness. We built a dataset of fuel break encounters...

Fire is a key disturbance affecting plant biodiversity patterns and evolution. Although a wide range of studies have shown important impacts of fire on vegetation, most have focused on taxonomic diversity, with less emphasis on other aspects of biodi...

Landscape patterns and composition were identified as key drivers of fire risk and fire regimes. However, few studies have focused on effective policymaking aimed at encouraging landowners to diversify the landscape and make it more fire-resilient. W...

Few fires are known to have burned the tundra of the Arctic Slope north of the Brooks Range in Alaska, USA. A total of 90 fires between 1969 and 2022 are known. Because fire has been rare, old burns can be detected by the traces of thermokarst and di...

As the research on hybrid rocket motors advances, more accurate tools are needed to estimate the performance of the system by determining its fundamental parameters. One of them is certainly the regression rate of the solid fuel. Unfortunately, it de...

The spatiotemporal distributions of wildfire areas and FRP values for the territory of Russia and its large regions (the European part of Russia, as well as the Ural, Siberian, and Far Eastern Federal Districts) during 2001–2022 were analyzed u...

Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) data can offer a means to estimate subcanopy fuel characteristics to support site characterization, quantification of treatment or fire effects, and inform fire modeling. Using field and TLS data within the New Jersey...

In the flame retardancy of the biopolymer matrix and natural fibre reinforcement containing green composites, researchers face multiple challenges, such as low thermal stability, the candlewick effect of fibres and compatibility issues. Cellulosic fi...

We analyzed the distribution and number of forest fire occurrences, burned areas, and seasonality, and their trends of human- and lightning-caused small (<200 ha) and large (≥200 ha) fires from 1959 to 2021 in the forested 14 subregions of Albe...

Underground mining, including underground coal mining, is accompanied by accidents and fire hazards that pose a threat to the life safety of miners. The fire hazard increases with an increase in the mining depth. Currently, most accidents in coal min...

Swirling flames are widely used in engineering to intensify mixing and stabilize combustion in gas turbine power plants and industrial burners. Swirling induces new instability modes, leading to intensification of coherent structures, asymmetric geom...

Indoor fire accidents have become increasingly common in recent years. More and more firefighting robots have been designed to solve the problem of fires. However, the indoor environment is very complex, with high temperatures, thick smoke, more turn...

Fully or partially sealing the openings of tunnels to accelerate the self-extinction of fires provides a promising firefighting tactic to beat large fires in a long tunnel. So far, most experimental studies on the characteristics of fire with differe...

The main objective of this study is to compare the results in terms of gas temperature and structural elements temperature, using different localized fire models. In particular, with reference to an open car park fire, the simplified Hasemi localized...

The semiphysical method is presently the most widely used for predicting litter moisture content, but it produces some errors. These are mainly due to the simplification of the water loss process and not accounting for the fuelbed structure, which ca...

Nitrated phenols from residential combustion aggravate the greenhouse effect and endanger human health. To search for an ideal residential fuel which produces low nitrated phenols, high-sodium coal, conventionally used in coal-fired power plants, has...

Agricultural and other residues are promising renewable energy sources. However, they can cause problems in combustion processes. One of these problems is also low ash melting temperatures. Except, the ash melting behavior can be impacted by many fac...

Due to high heat generation within closely packed smart electronic devices, some efficient thermal management systems are required for their reliable performance, avoid overheating, long lifecycle and safety. In this study, a novel thermal management...

Smoke pollution from landscape fires is a major health problem, but it is difficult to predict the impact of any particular fire. For example, smoke plumes can be mapped using remote sensing, but we do not know how the smoke is distributed in the air...

Pool fires cause immense damage to fuel storage tank farms. Reduced fire escalation risk in tank farms improves fire safety. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has proven effective in assessing escalation of fire-related domino effects and is being u...

Laminated glass is prominently used nowadays as building construction material in the façade and architectural glazing of high-rise buildings. On the other hand, the fire safety of the high-rise building with laminated glass is also receiving...

Fire safety evacuation has been used in numerous different kinds of buildings. This research conducts a scientometric review of fire safety evacuation applications and advances in the buildings to clarify the research trends of fire evacuation in the...

This paper presents the experimental findings on fire containment and suppression by dropping CO₂ hydrate granules and tablets on burning solid materials. We used the combustible materials typical of compartment fires—wood, linoleum, and cardboard—to...

The state of Michoacán in central Mexico supplies nearly 50% of the global avocado trade in a region known as the Michoacan Avocado Belt or Avocadoland. Fire has been a component associated with regional land-use change processes. We documente...

In the original publication [...]