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Review

PS, It’s Complicated: The Roles of Phosphatidylserine and Phosphatidylethanolamine in the Pathogenesis of Candida albicans and Other Microbial Pathogens

by
Chelsi D. Cassilly
and
Todd B. Reynolds
*
Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Fungi 2018, 4(1), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof4010028
Submission received: 19 January 2018 / Revised: 9 February 2018 / Accepted: 13 February 2018 / Published: 20 February 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Candida and Candidiasis)
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Abstract

The phospholipids phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) play important roles in the virulence of Candida albicans and loss of PS synthesis or synthesis of PE from PS (PS decarboxylase) severely compromises virulence in C. albicans in a mouse model of systemic candidiasis. This review discusses synthesis of PE and PS in C. albicans and mechanisms by which these lipids impact virulence in this fungus. This is further compared to how PS and PE synthesis impact virulence in other fungi, parasites and bacteria. Furthermore, the impact of PS asymmetry on virulence and extracellular vesicle formation in several microbes is reviewed. Finally, the potential for PS and PE synthases as drug targets in these various kingdoms is also examined.
Keywords: phospholipid; phosphatidylserine; phosphatidylethanolamine; virulence phospholipid; phosphatidylserine; phosphatidylethanolamine; virulence

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MDPI and ACS Style

Cassilly, C.D.; Reynolds, T.B. PS, It’s Complicated: The Roles of Phosphatidylserine and Phosphatidylethanolamine in the Pathogenesis of Candida albicans and Other Microbial Pathogens. J. Fungi 2018, 4, 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof4010028

AMA Style

Cassilly CD, Reynolds TB. PS, It’s Complicated: The Roles of Phosphatidylserine and Phosphatidylethanolamine in the Pathogenesis of Candida albicans and Other Microbial Pathogens. Journal of Fungi. 2018; 4(1):28. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof4010028

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cassilly, Chelsi D., and Todd B. Reynolds. 2018. "PS, It’s Complicated: The Roles of Phosphatidylserine and Phosphatidylethanolamine in the Pathogenesis of Candida albicans and Other Microbial Pathogens" Journal of Fungi 4, no. 1: 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof4010028

APA Style

Cassilly, C. D., & Reynolds, T. B. (2018). PS, It’s Complicated: The Roles of Phosphatidylserine and Phosphatidylethanolamine in the Pathogenesis of Candida albicans and Other Microbial Pathogens. Journal of Fungi, 4(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof4010028

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