An Estimate of the Burden of Fungal Disease in Norway
1
Section for Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway
2
Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway
3
Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway
4
Department of Microbiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
5
Department of Microbiology, St. Olav’s Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
6
Department of Microbiology, University Hospital of Northern Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
7
Department of Microbiology, Sørlandet Hospital, 4615 Kristiansand, Norway
8
Department of Microbiology, Oslo University, 0371 Oslo, Norway
9
National Aspergillosis Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital and The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
10
Leading International Fungal Education (LIFE), Cheshire SK10 9AR, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Fungi 2018, 4(1), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof4010029
Received: 22 January 2018
/
Revised: 18 February 2018
/
Accepted: 19 February 2018
/
Published: 21 February 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fungal Burden in Different Countries)
The aim of this study was to examine the burden of fungal disease in Norway, contributing to a worldwide effort to improve awareness of the needs for better diagnosis and treatment of such infections. We used national registers and actual data from the Departments of Microbiology from 2015 and estimated the incidence and/or prevalence of superficial, allergic and invasive fungal disease using published reports on specific populations at risk. One in 6 Norwegians suffered from fungal disease: Superficial skin infections (14.3%: 745,600) and recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis in fertile women (6%: 43,123) were estimated to be the most frequent infections. Allergic fungal lung disease was estimated in 17,755 patients (341/100,000). Pneumocystis jirovecii was diagnosed in 262 patients (5/100,000), invasive candidiasis in 400 patients (7.7/100,000), invasive aspergillosis in 278 patients (5.3/100,000) and mucormycosis in 7 patients (0.1/100,000). Particular fungal infections from certain geographic areas were not observed. Overall, 1.79% of the population was estimated to be affected by serious fungal infections in Norway in 2015. Even though estimates for invasive infections are small, the gravity of such infections combined with expected demographic changes in the future emphasizes the need for better epidemiological data.
View Full-Text
Keywords:
epidemiology; fungal burden; allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA); severe asthma with fungal sensitization (SAFS); Pneumocystis; Candida; aspergillosis; mucorales; Norway
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Nordøy, I.; Hesstvedt, L.; Torp Andersen, C.; Mylvaganam, H.; Kols, N.I.; Falch, B.M.; Tofteland, S.; Müller, F.; Denning, D.W. An Estimate of the Burden of Fungal Disease in Norway. J. Fungi 2018, 4, 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof4010029
AMA Style
Nordøy I, Hesstvedt L, Torp Andersen C, Mylvaganam H, Kols NI, Falch BM, Tofteland S, Müller F, Denning DW. An Estimate of the Burden of Fungal Disease in Norway. Journal of Fungi. 2018; 4(1):29. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof4010029
Chicago/Turabian StyleNordøy, Ingvild, Liv Hesstvedt, Cecilie Torp Andersen, Haima Mylvaganam, Nicola I. Kols, Birgit M. Falch, Ståle Tofteland, Fredrik Müller, and David W. Denning. 2018. "An Estimate of the Burden of Fungal Disease in Norway" Journal of Fungi 4, no. 1: 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof4010029
Find Other Styles
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.
