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Article

Evidence for the Existence of Mating Subtypes Within the Schizophyllum commune: Mating Behavior and Genetic Divergence

by
Chen Chu
,
Dongxu Li
,
Linqing Gu
,
Sihai Yang
* and
Changhong Liu
*
State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Fungi 2025, 11(4), 277; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof11040277
Submission received: 20 February 2025 / Revised: 27 March 2025 / Accepted: 31 March 2025 / Published: 1 April 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Fungal Genomics, Genetics and Molecular Biology)
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Abstract

Schizophyllum commune, a Basidiomycota fungus with a tetrapolar mating system, serves as a key model for studying sexual reproduction. In this study, two distinct mating subtypes (I and II) were identified in strain 20R-7-ZF01, isolated from subseafloor sediment, which exhibited eight different mating interaction phenotypes. Intra-subtypes exhibited colony-symmetric tetrapolar interactions (G1), whereas inter-subtype crosses yielded colony-asymmetric phenotypes (G2) and a reduced number of fruiting bodies. Nuclear migration analysis revealed that both subtypes follow the same sexual reproductive process, suggesting functional similarities despite the different reproductive outcomes. Gene silencing of mating-type loci identified the genes bbp2-9 and bbp2-7 within the B locus as key factors in determining mating subtype identity. Additionally, a similar pattern of mating subtype differentiation was observed in five other S. commune strains from both subseafloor and terrestrial environments. These findings highlight the genetic diversity within S. commune, challenge the classical understanding of fungal mating systems, and provide new insights into the genetic evolutionary mechanisms governing fungi with tetrapolar mating systems.
Keywords: fungi; fungal genetics; genetic diversity; mating type; tetrapolar mating system fungi; fungal genetics; genetic diversity; mating type; tetrapolar mating system

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MDPI and ACS Style

Chu, C.; Li, D.; Gu, L.; Yang, S.; Liu, C. Evidence for the Existence of Mating Subtypes Within the Schizophyllum commune: Mating Behavior and Genetic Divergence. J. Fungi 2025, 11, 277. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof11040277

AMA Style

Chu C, Li D, Gu L, Yang S, Liu C. Evidence for the Existence of Mating Subtypes Within the Schizophyllum commune: Mating Behavior and Genetic Divergence. Journal of Fungi. 2025; 11(4):277. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof11040277

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chu, Chen, Dongxu Li, Linqing Gu, Sihai Yang, and Changhong Liu. 2025. "Evidence for the Existence of Mating Subtypes Within the Schizophyllum commune: Mating Behavior and Genetic Divergence" Journal of Fungi 11, no. 4: 277. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof11040277

APA Style

Chu, C., Li, D., Gu, L., Yang, S., & Liu, C. (2025). Evidence for the Existence of Mating Subtypes Within the Schizophyllum commune: Mating Behavior and Genetic Divergence. Journal of Fungi, 11(4), 277. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof11040277

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