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On the Search of a Silver Bullet for the Preparation of Bioinspired Molecular Electrets with Propensity to Transfer Holes at High Potentials

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Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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Department of Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Present address: Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
Present address: College of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
§
Present address: Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Biomolecules 2021, 11(3), 429; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11030429
Received: 29 January 2021 / Revised: 1 March 2021 / Accepted: 7 March 2021 / Published: 15 March 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Natural and Bio-inspired Molecules)
Biological structure-function relationships offer incomparable paradigms for charge-transfer (CT) science and its implementation in solar-energy engineering, organic electronics, and photonics. Electrets are systems with co-directionally oriented electric dopes with immense importance for CT science, and bioinspired molecular electrets are polyamides of anthranilic-acid derivatives with designs originating from natural biomolecular motifs. This publication focuses on the synthesis of molecular electrets with ether substituents. As important as ether electret residues are for transferring holes under relatively high potentials, the synthesis of their precursors presents formidable challenges. Each residue in the molecular electrets is introduced as its 2-nitrobenzoic acid (NBA) derivative. Hence, robust and scalable synthesis of ether derivatives of NBA is essential for making such hole-transfer molecular electrets. Purdie-Irvine alkylation, using silver oxide, produces with 90% yield the esters of the NBA building block for iso-butyl ether electrets. It warrants additional ester hydrolysis for obtaining the desired NBA precursor. Conversely, Williamson etherification selectively produces the same free-acid ether derivative in one-pot reaction, but a 40% yield. The high yields of Purdie-Irvine alkylation and the selectivity of the Williamson etherification provide important guidelines for synthesizing building blocks for bioinspired molecular electrets and a wide range of other complex ether conjugates. View Full-Text
Keywords: Purdie-Irvine alkylation; etherification; molecular electrets; dipoles Purdie-Irvine alkylation; etherification; molecular electrets; dipoles
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MDPI and ACS Style

Derr, J.B.; Rybicka-Jasińska, K.; Espinoza, E.M.; Morales, M.; Billones, M.K.; Clark, J.A.; Vullev, V.I. On the Search of a Silver Bullet for the Preparation of Bioinspired Molecular Electrets with Propensity to Transfer Holes at High Potentials. Biomolecules 2021, 11, 429. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11030429

AMA Style

Derr JB, Rybicka-Jasińska K, Espinoza EM, Morales M, Billones MK, Clark JA, Vullev VI. On the Search of a Silver Bullet for the Preparation of Bioinspired Molecular Electrets with Propensity to Transfer Holes at High Potentials. Biomolecules. 2021; 11(3):429. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11030429

Chicago/Turabian Style

Derr, James B., Katarzyna Rybicka-Jasińska, Eli M. Espinoza, Maryann Morales, Mimi K. Billones, John A. Clark, and Valentine I. Vullev. 2021. "On the Search of a Silver Bullet for the Preparation of Bioinspired Molecular Electrets with Propensity to Transfer Holes at High Potentials" Biomolecules 11, no. 3: 429. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11030429

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