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Journal of Clinical Medicine, Volume 10, Issue 20

2021 October-2 - 174 articles

Cover Story: The central nervous system (CNS) is closely related to the gastrointestinal tract, mainly through regulating its function and homeostasis. Simultaneously, the gut flora affects the CNS and plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of neurologic and neuropsychological disorders such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or autism spectrum disorder. The microbiota–gut–brain axis is a bidirectional nervous, endocrine, and immune communication between these two organs. In this article, a review is presented and discussed, with a specific focus on the changes of gut microbiota, gut–brain axis, related disorders, and the factors that influence gut imbalance. View this paper
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Articles (174)

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,031 Views
10 Pages

Long-Term Influence of Paraspinal Muscle Quantity in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Following Deformity Correction by Posterior Approach

  • Hong Jin Kim,
  • Jae Hyuk Yang,
  • Dong-Gune Chang,
  • Se-Il Suk,
  • Seung Woo Suh,
  • Yunjin Nam,
  • Sang-Il Kim and
  • Kwang-Sup Song

19 October 2021

Pedicle screw instrumentation (PSI) through posterior approach has been the mainstay of deformity correction for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, changes in the quantity of paraspinal muscles after AIS surgery has remained largely unkn...

  • Review
  • Open Access
49 Citations
8,075 Views
14 Pages

19 October 2021

Numerous clinical and research investigations conducted during the last two decades have implicated excessive oxidative stress caused by high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the development of the severe and frequently progressive fibrotic...

  • Review
  • Open Access
25 Citations
5,017 Views
25 Pages

19 October 2021

Glycation and glycosylation are non-enzymatic and enzymatic reactions, respectively, of glucose, glucose metabolites, and other reducing sugars with different substrates, such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Increased availability of glucose...

  • Review
  • Open Access
30 Citations
17,733 Views
27 Pages

The Pathophysiology and Management of Hemorrhagic Shock in the Polytrauma Patient

  • Alison Fecher,
  • Anthony Stimpson,
  • Lisa Ferrigno and
  • Timothy H. Pohlman

19 October 2021

The recognition and management of life-threatening hemorrhage in the polytrauma patient poses several challenges to prehospital rescue personnel and hospital providers. First, identification of acute blood loss and the magnitude of lost volume after...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,671 Views
7 Pages

Update on Pulmonary Ossifications in the Differential Diagnosis of Solitary Pulmonary Nodules

  • Jan F. Gielis,
  • Lawek Berzenji,
  • Vasiliki Siozopoulou,
  • Marloes Luijks and
  • Paul E. Y. Van Schil

19 October 2021

Pulmonary ossifications have often been regarded as rare, post-mortem findings without any clinical significance. We have investigated the occurrence of pulmonary ossifications in patients undergoing thoracic procedures, and how this may affect the d...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
2,863 Views
10 Pages

Recurrence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: To Assess Glucose Metabolism and Clinical Risk Factors at the Beginning of a Subsequent Pregnancy

  • Grammata Kotzaeridi,
  • Julia Blätter,
  • Daniel Eppel,
  • Ingo Rosicky,
  • Veronica Falcone,
  • Gabriela Adamczyk,
  • Tina Linder,
  • Gülen Yerlikaya-Schatten,
  • Karen Weisshaupt and
  • Christian S. Göbl
  • + 2 authors

19 October 2021

Women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at high risk of developing hyperglycemia in a subsequent pregnancy. This study aimed to assess parameters of glucose metabolism at the beginning of a subsequent pregnancy in women with a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
3,271 Views
10 Pages

Plasma Neurofilament Light (NfL) in Patients Affected by Niemann–Pick Type C Disease (NPCD)

  • Andrea Dardis,
  • Eleonora Pavan,
  • Martina Fabris,
  • Rosalia Maria Da Riol,
  • Annalisa Sechi,
  • Agata Fiumara,
  • Lucia Santoro,
  • Maximiliano Ormazabal,
  • Romina Milanic and
  • Maurizio Scarpa
  • + 2 authors

19 October 2021

(1) Background: Niemann–Pick type C disease (NPCD) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the NPC1 or NPC2 genes. The clinical presentation is characterized by visceral and neurological involvement. Apart from a s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
4,390 Views
17 Pages

Effect of Age on Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients

  • Lamin B. Cham,
  • Marie Høst Pahus,
  • Kristoffer Grønhøj,
  • Rikke Olesen,
  • Hien Ngo,
  • Ida Monrad,
  • Mads Kjolby,
  • Martin Tolstrup,
  • Jesper Damsgaard Gunst and
  • Ole S. Søgaard

19 October 2021

An effective but balanced cellular and inflammatory immune response may limit the severity of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), whereas uncontrolled inflammation leads to disease progression. Older age is associated with higher risk of COVID-19 and a w...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,820 Views
14 Pages

19 October 2021

In many countries, the implementation and dissemination of e-services for healthcare systems are important aspects of projects and strategies, as they contribute to significantly improving the access to such a system. The aim of the study is to analy...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
4,984 Views
11 Pages

Sex Differences in Age-Related Physical Changes among Community-Dwelling Adults

  • Takuhiro Okabe,
  • Makoto Suzuki,
  • Hiroshi Goto,
  • Naoki Iso,
  • Kilchoon Cho,
  • Keisuke Hirata and
  • Junichi Shimizu

19 October 2021

The prevalence of physical functioning limitations is positively correlated with age in both men and women. However, whether the appearance of deterioration differs depending on physical function and sex remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify t...

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J. Clin. Med. - ISSN 2077-0383