Malagasy Amphibian Wildlife Trade Revisited: Improving Management Knowledge of the Trade
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Database Field | Search Input |
---|---|
Search date | 25 February 2023 |
Year range | 1975–2022 |
Exporting countries | Madagascar |
Importing countries | All countries |
Source | Wild (W), Ranched (R), Source unknown (U) |
Purpose | Commercial (T), Bred in captivity or artificially propagated (B), Botanical Garden (G), Circus and travelling exhibitions (Q), Personal (P) |
Trade terms | Live (LIV), Specimens (SPE), Bodies (BOD) |
Taxon | Amphibia (Amphibians) |
Amphibian Species | Year | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | |
Dyscophus antongilii | 20 | 75 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dyscophus guineti | 170 | 437 | 202 | 30 | 182 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Dyscophus insularis | 62 | 286 | 215 | 60 | 108 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Dyscophus spp. | 45 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mantella aurantiaca | 100 | 5515 | 6185 | 10,720 | 13,403 | 7815 | 5676 | 7545 | 1450 | 2681 | 135 | 1490 | 396 | 230 | 341 | 170 | 13 | 298 | 191 | 176 | 119 | 38 | 58 | |||||
Mantella baroni | 10 | 650 | 313 | 2670 | 1359 | 1570 | 2237 | 1872 | 2100 | 415 | 2302 | 3005 | 2880 | 1142 | 2003 | 1584 | 1642 | 1811 | 80 | 160 | ||||||||
Mantella bernhardi | 30 | 440 | 543 | 400 | 60 | 105 | 60 | 88 | 49 | 14 | 82 | 12 | ||||||||||||||||
Mantella betsileo | 1000 | 435 | 175 | 872 | 2926 | 460 | 1490 | 995 | 3110 | 1599 | 2238 | 1340 | 1818 | 1845 | 3396 | 2366 | 2239 | 2187 | 1331 | 2423 | 1248 | 1472 | 1551 | 22 | 392 | |||
Mantella cowanii | 52 | 150 | 170 | 434 | 241 | 500 | 120 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Mantella crocea | 395 | 250 | 763 | 1223 | 330 | 125 | 1020 | 2295 | 346 | 425 | 410 | 436 | ||||||||||||||||
Mantella expectata | 100 | 624 | 105 | 220 | 660 | 1390 | 1125 | 1280 | 2475 | 272 | 278 | 145 | 219 | 45 | 147 | 11 | ||||||||||||
Mantella haraldmeieri | 180 | 350 | 410 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mantella laevigata | 100 | 435 | 415 | 869 | 2155 | 533 | 1606 | 1795 | 2910 | 991 | 665 | 973 | 808 | 813 | ||||||||||||||
Mantella madagascariensis | 125 | 2192 | 1535 | 450 | 3231 | 3325 | 4873 | 4245 | 3235 | 329 | 212 | 192 | 203 | 102 | 85 | 53 | 81 | 50 | 73 | 105 | 20 | 20 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Mantella milotympanum | 710 | 1780 | 850 | 1575 | 304 | 400 | 267 | 157 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Mantella nigricans | 200 | 315 | 150 | 382 | 192 | 272 | 144 | 1421 | 721 | 556 | 853 | 709 | 1048 | 721 | 716 | 956 | 204 | 282 | ||||||||||
Mantella pulchra | 784 | 905 | 270 | 1658 | 1870 | 2585 | 2205 | 3455 | 1269 | 868 | 1197 | 1480 | 1116 | 241 | 297 | 193 | 184 | 78 | 193 | 122 | 68 | 97 | 12 | |||||
Mantella spp. | 330 | 820 | 260 | 6779 | 9738 | 545 | 1366 | 255 | 200 | 50 | ||||||||||||||||||
Mantella viridis | 125 | 690 | 385 | 1434 | 2945 | 1110 | 2065 | 955 | 1260 | 295 | 269 | 224 | 299 | |||||||||||||||
Scaphiophryne gottlebei | 980 | 776 | 270 | 216 | 465 | 171 | 377 | 302 | 191 | 163 | 171 | 48 | ||||||||||||||||
Scaphiophryne marmorata | 22 | 80 | 93 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Scaphiophryne spinosa | 170 | 220 | 20 |
Amphibian Species | Total Traded | CITES Listing | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
% of Trade | Population Trend | IUCN Redlist Status | |||
Mantella aurantiaca | 64,745 | 23.89 | II | ↓ | EN |
Mantella betsileo | 38,930 | 14.37 | II | ↔ | LC |
Mantella baroni | 29,805 | 11.00 | II | ? | LC |
Mantella madagascariensis | 24,753 | 9.14 | II | ↓ | VU |
Mantella pulchra | 21,147 | 7.80 | II | ↓ | NT |
Mantella spp. | 20,343 | 7.51 | / | / | |
Mantella laevigata | 15,068 | 5.56 | II | ↓ | LC |
Mantella viridis | 12,056 | 4.45 | II | ↓ | EN |
Mantella nigricans | 9842 | 3.63 | II | ↓ | LC |
Mantella expectata | 9096 | 3.36 | II | ↓ | EN |
Mantella crocea | 8018 | 2.96 | II | ↓ | VU |
Mantella milotympanum | 6043 | 2.23 | II | ↓ | CR |
Scaphiophryne gottlebei | 4130 | 1.52 | II | ↓ | EN |
Mantella bernhardi | 1883 | 0.69 | II | ↓ | VU |
Mantella cowanii | 1667 | 0.62 | II | ? | EN |
Dyscophus guineti | 1021 | 0.38 | II | ↓ | LC |
Mantella haraldmeieri | 940 | 0.35 | II | ↓ | EN |
Dyscophus insularis | 731 | 0.27 | II | ↓ | LC |
Scaphiophryne spinosa | 410 | 0.15 | II | ? | LC |
Scaphiophryne marmorata | 195 | 0.07 | II | ↓ | VU |
Dyscophus antongilii | 95 | 0.04 | II | ↓ | LC |
Dyscophus spp. | 45 | 0.02 | / | / |
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Carpenter, A.I.; Andreone, F. Malagasy Amphibian Wildlife Trade Revisited: Improving Management Knowledge of the Trade. Animals 2023, 13, 2324. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13142324
Carpenter AI, Andreone F. Malagasy Amphibian Wildlife Trade Revisited: Improving Management Knowledge of the Trade. Animals. 2023; 13(14):2324. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13142324
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarpenter, Angus I., and Franco Andreone. 2023. "Malagasy Amphibian Wildlife Trade Revisited: Improving Management Knowledge of the Trade" Animals 13, no. 14: 2324. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13142324
APA StyleCarpenter, A. I., & Andreone, F. (2023). Malagasy Amphibian Wildlife Trade Revisited: Improving Management Knowledge of the Trade. Animals, 13(14), 2324. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13142324