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Symmetry, Volume 13, Issue 11

November 2021 - 257 articles

Cover Story: Individuals with chronic low back pain (LBP) report impaired somatosensory function and balance. The aim of this study was to compare gait parameters, as well as combined limb motions for the kinematic similarity index (KSI), between subjects with and without LBP. The overall index during gait was significantly different between groups, especially at the midstance and swing phases. Although the gait parameters did not provide significant differences, the KSI measurements detected sensitive gait deviations. These results indicated that the LBP subjects may have modified their walking patterns during these specific phases. The KSI is warranted to investigate for early detection of gait deviations.View this paper
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Articles (257)

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,344 Views
12 Pages

The North–South Asymmetry of Sunspot Relative Numbers Based on Complex Network Technique

  • Hengyu Xu,
  • Yu Fei,
  • Chun Li,
  • Jiajuan Liang,
  • Xinan Tian and
  • Zhongjie Wan

22 November 2021

Solar magnetic activity exhibits a complex nonlinear behavior, but its dynamic process has not been fully understood. As the complex network technique can better capture the dynamics of nonlinear system, the visibility graphs (VG), the horizontal vis...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,117 Views
12 Pages

22 November 2021

Photonic topological materials with a broken time-reversal symmetry are characterized by nontrivial topological phases, such that they do not support propagation in the bulk region but forcibly support a nontrivial net number of unidirectional edge-s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
3,641 Views
8 Pages

Terahertz Metamaterial Modulator Based on Phase Change Material VO2

  • Yanfei Dong,
  • Dingwang Yu,
  • Gaosheng Li,
  • Mingtuan Lin and
  • Li-An Bian

22 November 2021

In this paper, a new type of terahertz (THz) metamaterial (MM) modulator has been presented with bifunctional properties based on vanadium dioxide (VO2). The design consists of a VO2 resonator, polyimide substrate, frequency selective surface (FSS) l...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,144 Views
18 Pages

22 November 2021

The classical Hopefield neural networks have obvious symmetry, thus the study related to its dynamic behaviors has been widely concerned. This research article is involved with the neutral-type inertial neural networks incorporating multiple delays....

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
2,290 Views
17 Pages

Linear and Nonlinear Electrostatic Excitations and Their Stability in a Nonextensive Anisotropic Magnetoplasma

  • Muhammad Khalid,
  • Ata-ur-Rahman,
  • Ali Althobaiti,
  • Sayed K. Elagan,
  • Sadah A. Alkhateeb,
  • Ebtehal A. Elghmaz and
  • Samir A. El-Tantawy

22 November 2021

In the present work, the propagation of (non)linear electrostatic waves is reported in a normal (electron–ion) magnetoplasma. The inertialess electrons follow a non-extensive q-distribution, while the positive inertial ions are assumed to be wa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
2,440 Views
12 Pages

21 November 2021

Resident combustion of solid fuel has been widely acknowledged as a high potential for pollutant reduction. However, there is a marked asymmetry between more pollutant emission and less burned volatiles of biomass and coal in the combustion process....

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,964 Views
16 Pages

Synchronizability of Multi-Layer-Coupled Star-Composed Networks

  • Haiping Gao,
  • Jian Zhu,
  • Xianyong Li and
  • Xing Chen

21 November 2021

In this paper, several multi-layer-coupled star-composed networks with similar symmetrical structures are defined by using the theory of graph operation. The supra-Laplacian matrix of the corresponding multi-layer networks is obtained according to th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,609 Views
22 Pages

21 November 2021

An equivalent theoretical homogenization method was proposed for composite sandwich cylinders subjected to pure bending. Firstly, based on a homogeneous orthotropic layer hypothesis, the trapezoidal corrugated sandwich core was found to be equivalent...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,348 Views
8 Pages

21 November 2021

The study aimed to investigate the impact of a 12-week strength training program on force accuracy and steadiness changes in lower limbs in young healthy men. Twenty subjects with a dominant right lower limb were included. They performed a force matc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,842 Views
13 Pages

21 November 2021

The axially symmetric propagation of bending waves in a thin Timoshenko-type cylindrical shell, interacting with a nonlinear elastic Winkler medium, is herein studied. With the help of asymptotic integration, two analytically solvable models were obt...

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Symmetry - ISSN 2073-8994Creative Common CC BY license