Genes, Volume 13, Issue 3

Identification of genomic variability in population plays an important role in the clinical diagnostics of human genetic diseases. Thanks to rapid technological development in the field of massive parallel sequencing technologies, also known as next-...

Some of the key genes and regulatory mechanisms controlling drought response in durum wheat have been identified. One of the major challenges for breeders is how to use this knowledge for the achievement of drought stress tolerance. In the present st...

The paper contains a discussion on mathematical modifying and redesigning DNA with the use of Markov chains. We give a simple mathematical technique for overwriting missing parts of DNA. With a certain probability (without even knowing the function o...

Impairing reconsolidation may disrupt drug memories to prevent relapse, meanwhile long-term transcription regulations in the brain regions contribute to the occurrence of emotional memories. The basolateral amygdala (BLA) is involved in the drug-cue...

Genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 is imperative to explore the transmission, evolution, and also pathogenicity of viruses. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern posed a severe threat to the global public health efforts. To assess the poten...

The reprogramming of energy metabolism is one of the hallmarks of cancer and is crucial for tumor progression. Altered aerobic glycolysis is a well-known characteristic of cancer cell metabolism. In the present study, the expression profiles of key m...

Schizophrenia is associated with low-grade systemic inflammation. Circulating cell-free DNA (c-cfDNA) belongs to the DAMP class. The major research question was: can the c-cfDNA of schizophrenic patients (sz-cfDNA) stimulate the DNA sensor genes, whi...

Successful duplication of the genome requires the accurate replication of billions of base pairs of DNA within a relatively short time frame. Failure to accurately replicate the genome results in genomic instability and a host of diseases. To faithfu...

The apricot species is characterized by a gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) system. While GSI is one of the most efficient mechanisms to prevent self-fertilization and increase genetic variability, it represents a limiting factor for fruit prod...

Rose (Rosa chinensis) is one of the most famous ornamental plants worldwide, with a variety of colors and fragrances. Terpene synthases (TPSs) play critical roles in the biosynthesis of terpenes. In this work, we report a comprehensive study on the g...

To generate gametes, sexually reproducing organisms need to achieve a reduction in ploidy, via meiosis. Several mechanisms are set in place to ensure proper reductional chromosome segregation at the first meiotic division (MI), including chromosome r...

Background: Preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) is a cancer testis antigen (CTA) identified in 1997 through analysis of the specificity of tumor-reactive T-cell clones derived from a patient with metastatic cutaneous melanoma. Althou...

We introduce interep, an R package for interaction analysis of repeated measurement data with high-dimensional main and interaction effects. In G × E interaction studies, the forms of environmental factors play a critical role in determining ho...

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by severe sensitivity of skin to sunlight and an increased risk of skin cancer. XP variant (XPV), a milder subtype, is caused by variants in the POLH gene. POLH e...

Gray mold disease caused by Botrytis in onions (Allium cepa L.) during growth and storage negatively affects their yield and quality. Exploring the genes related to gray mold resistance in onion and their application to the breeding of resistant onio...

Much debate surrounds the importance of top-down and bottom-up effects in the Southern Ocean, where the harvesting of over two million whales in the mid twentieth century is thought to have produced a massive surplus of Antarctic krill. This excess o...

RNA is critical to a broad spectrum of biological and viral processes. This functional diversity is a result of their dynamic nature; the variety of three-dimensional structures that they can fold into; and a host of post-transcriptional chemical mod...

Telomeric Repeat-containing RNA (TERRA) are long non-coding RNAs transcribed from telomeric DNA sequences from multiple chromosome ends. Major research efforts have been made to understand TERRA roles and functions in several physiological and pathol...

The lack of an easy and fast radiation-exposure testing method with a dosimetric ability complicates triage and treatment in response to a nuclear detonation, radioactive material release, or clandestine exposure. The potential of transcriptomics in...

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common type of motor neuron disease whose causes are unclear. The first ALS gene associated with the autosomal dominant form of the disease was SOD1. This gene has a high rate of rare variants, and an a...

Variants in NAA15 are closely related to neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). In this study, we investigated the spectrum and clinical features of NAA15 variants in a Chinese NDD cohort of 769 children. Four novel NAA15 pathogenic variants were detec...

Weaning in ruminants is characterized by the transition from a milk-based diet to a solid diet, which drives a critical gastrointestinal tract transformation. Understanding the regulatory control of this transformation during weaning can help to iden...

The COVID-19 pandemic has drawn the attention of many researchers to the interaction between pathogen and host genomes. Over the last two years, numerous studies have been conducted to identify the genetic risk factors that predict COVID-19 severity...

African history has been significantly influenced by the Sahara, which has represented a barrier for migrations of all living beings, including humans. Major exceptions were the gene flow events that took place between North African and sub-Saharan p...

Gypsies are a separate ethnic group living in Pakistan and some other countries as well. They are mostly known as ‘Roma’ and ‘untouchables’. They have different types of lifestyles as compared to other common people, as they a...

Accumulated evidence suggests that the endosymbiotic Trichomonasvirus (TVV) may play a role in the pathogenesis and drug susceptibility of Trichomonas vaginalis. Several reports have shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from TVV-positive...

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic heterogeneous disorder and the main cause of sudden cardiac death in adolescents and young adults. This study was aimed at identifying potential diagnostic biomarkers and biological pathways to help to d...

Pericentromeric heterochromatin is mostly composed of repetitive DNA sequences prone to aberrant recombination. Cells have developed highly specialized mechanisms to enable ‘safe’ homologous recombination (HR) repair while preventing aber...

Phelan–McDermid syndrome (PMS) is a multi-systemic disorder characterized by both genetic and phenotypic variability. Genetic abnormalities causing PMS span from pathogenic variants of the SHANK3 gene to chromosomal rearrangements affecting the...

Over the last one and a half decades, copy number variation and whole-genome sequencing studies have illuminated the considerable genetic heterogeneity that underlies the etiologies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID)....

Background: We examined the role of rs1333049 polymorphism of the CDKN2B Antisense RNA 1 (CDKN2B-AS1) on the prevalence of myocardial infarction (MI) in Slovenian subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A total of 1071 subjects with T...

A parasite’s lifestyle is characterized by a critical dependency on its host for feeding, shelter and/or reproduction. The ability of parasites to exploit new host species can reduce the risk associated with host dependency. The number of host...

Calcium acts as a universal secondary messenger that transfers developmental cues and stress signals for gene expression and adaptive growth. A prior study showed that abiotic stresses induce mutually independent cytosolic Ca²⁺ ([Ca²⁺]_cyt) and nucleo...

The authors have requested that the following change be made to their paper [...]

Animal mitochondrial (mt) genomes are typically double-strand circular DNA molecules, but diverse structural variations have been widely found in multiple groups. In parasitic lice (Phthiraptera), the structure of mt genomes varies remarkably across...

Rubia yunnanensis Diels (R. yunnanensis), a Chinese perennial plant, is well-known for its medicinal values such as rheumatism, contusion, and anemia. It is rich in bioactive anthraquinones, but the biosynthetic pathways of anthraquinones in R. yunna...

MicroRNA (miRNA) is of great importance to muscle growth and development, including the regulation of the proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle satellite cells (SMSCs). In our research group’s previous study, we found that miR-18...

Large-scale genome-wide association studies have identified hundreds of single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) significantly associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, collectively, these explain <20% of the heritability. Hypothesis: Here,...

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is categorized by rapid malignant cellular growth in the central nervous system (CNS) tumors. It is one of the most prevailing primary brain tumors, particularly in human male adults. Even though the combination therapy...

Despite the importance of and current demand for abaca (Musa textilis Nee) fiber, there has been limited study that capitalizes on RNA-seq to identify candidate genes associated with high fiber quality and bunchy top virus (AbBTV) resistance. Three v...

Phenylketonuria (PKU) was the first disorder for which newborn screening (NBS) was introduced in the early 1960s. Slovenia started the NBS program for PKU in 1979, and the fluorimetric method was implemented in 1992, with a phenylalanine (Phe) cut-of...

Echinochloa colona and other species in this genus are a threat to global rice production and food security. Quinclorac, an auxin mimic, is a common herbicide for grass weed control in rice, and Echinochloa spp. have evolved resistance to it. The com...

KMT2A (Lysine methyltransferase 2A) is a member of the epigenetic machinery, encoding a lysine methyltransferase responsible for the transcriptional activation through lysine 4 of histone 3 (H3K4) methylation. KMT2A has a crucial role in gene express...

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease that causes a great clinical burden. However, its exact molecular pathologies are not fully understood. Whilst there are a number of avenues for research into slowing, halting...

There is growing evidence that gallstone formation may be genetically determined. Recent studies have shown that polymorphism of genes encoding proteins involved in bile acid transport may be associated with the risk of gallstone disease. The aim of...

Although the conditional gene knockout (KO) is a better choice for observing its phenotype in a specific cell, tissue, and/or organ, the simple null gene KO could nevertheless be attempted initially to scan its overall phenotypes at the level of the...

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major risk for atherosclerosis and its complications. Apoe-null (Apoe^−/−) mouse strains exhibit a wide range of variations in susceptibility to T2D and carotid atherosclerosis, with the latter being a major caus...

Rice is one of the most important crops in Egypt. Due to the gap between the demand and the availability of the local edible oils, there is need to raise the nutritional value of rice and, therefore, to improve the nutritional value of the consumer....

Understanding the genetic architecture of metabolic epilepsies is of paramount importance, both to current clinical practice and for the identification of further research directions. The main goals of our study were to identify the scope of metaboli...

In palaeognathous birds, several PCR-based methods and a range of genes and unknown genomic regions have been studied for the determination of sex. Many of these methods have proven to be unreliable, complex, expensive, and time-consuming. Even the m...