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Cancers, Volume 12, Issue 2

February 2020 - 270 articles

Cover Story: The unfolded protein response (UPR) is an adaptive response triggered by the endoplasmic reticulum stress due to altered cell protein homeostasis. The UPR can be activated by three main mediators: PERK, ATF6α, and IRE1α. Proteostasis is frequently deregulated in cancer, and the UPR is emerging as a crucial signaling network in controlling the survival of several neoplasias, including acute leukemias. The activation of the ATF6 pathway in AML cells upregulates the calreticulin that suppresses the translation of C/EBPα, contributing to the block in myeloid differentiation. XBP1, IRE1α, and GRP78 are upregulated in B-ALL patients, leading to UPR-induced apoptosis resistance, while c-Myc regulates the UPR response in T-ALL cells via increased PERK activation (prosurvival signaling). Therefore, targeting UPR-driven prosurvival pathways could represent a novel therapeutic strategy in acute leukemias. View this paper
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Articles (270)

  • Review
  • Open Access
17 Citations
6,185 Views
13 Pages
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Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 Targeting Glioma Stem-Like Cells for Malignant Glioma Treatment: Latest Advances and Implications for Clinical Application

  • Sonali Nayak,
  • Ashorne Mahenthiran,
  • Yongyong Yang,
  • Mark McClendon,
  • Barbara Mania-Farnell,
  • Charles David James,
  • John A. Kessler,
  • Tadanori Tomita,
  • Shi-Yuan Cheng and
  • Samuel I. Stupp
  • + 1 author
Cancers2020, 12(2), 516;https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12020516

24 February 2020

Malignant gliomas are heterogeneous neoplasms. Glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) are undifferentiated and self-renewing cells that develop and maintain these tumors. These cells are the main population that resist current therapies. Genomic and epigenomi...

Full Article
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,844 Views
18 Pages
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Hypoxia-Induced Centrosome Amplification Underlies Aggressive Disease Course in HPV-Negative Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinomas

  • Karuna Mittal,
  • Da Hoon Choi,
  • Guanhao Wei,
  • Jaspreet Kaur,
  • Sergey Klimov,
  • Komal Arora,
  • Christopher C. Griffith,
  • Mukesh Kumar,
  • Precious Imhansi-Jacob and
  • Brian D. Melton
  • + 5 authors
Cancers2020, 12(2), 517;https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12020517

24 February 2020

Human papillomavirus-negative (HPV-neg) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) are associated with poorer overall survival (OS) compared with HPV-positive (HPV-pos) OPSCCs. The major obstacle in improving outcomes of HPV-neg patients is the...

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  • Article
  • Open Access
44 Citations
6,612 Views
25 Pages
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The Impact of Normalization Approaches to Automatically Detect Radiogenomic Phenotypes Characterizing Breast Cancer Receptors Status

  • Rossana Castaldo,
  • Katia Pane,
  • Emanuele Nicolai,
  • Marco Salvatore and
  • Monica Franzese
Cancers2020, 12(2), 518;https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12020518

24 February 2020

In breast cancer studies, combining quantitative radiomic with genomic signatures can help identifying and characterizing radiogenomic phenotypes, in function of molecular receptor status. Biomedical imaging processing lacks standards in radiomic fea...

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  • Review
  • Open Access
37 Citations
5,790 Views
20 Pages
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Monitoring Immune Responses in Neuroblastoma Patients during Therapy

  • Celina L. Szanto,
  • Annelisa M. Cornel,
  • Saskia V. Vijver and
  • Stefan Nierkens
Cancers2020, 12(2), 519;https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12020519

24 February 2020

Neuroblastoma (NBL) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood. Despite intense treatment, children with this high-risk disease have a poor prognosis. Immunotherapy showed a significant improvement in event-free survival in high-risk NB...

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  • Article
  • Open Access
54 Citations
7,373 Views
19 Pages
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Intratumoral Heterogeneity and Longitudinal Changes in Gene Expression Predict Differential Drug Sensitivity in Newly Diagnosed and Recurrent Glioblastoma

  • Ella L. Kim,
  • Maxim Sorokin,
  • Sven Rainer Kantelhardt,
  • Darius Kalasauskas,
  • Bettina Sprang,
  • Julian Fauss,
  • Florian Ringel,
  • Andrew Garazha,
  • Eugene Albert and
  • Nurshat Gaifullin
  • + 5 authors
Cancers2020, 12(2), 520;https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12020520

24 February 2020

Background: Inevitable recurrence after radiochemotherapy is the major problem in the treatment of glioblastoma, the most prevalent type of adult brain malignancy. Glioblastomas are notorious for a high degree of intratumor heterogeneity manifest thr...

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  • Review
  • Open Access
65 Citations
7,255 Views
22 Pages
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Nanotechnology-Based Biopolymeric Oral Delivery Platforms for Advanced Cancer Treatment

  • Vanessa T. Chivere,
  • Pierre P. D. Kondiah,
  • Yahya E. Choonara and
  • Viness Pillay
Cancers2020, 12(2), 522;https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12020522

24 February 2020

Routes of drug administration and their corresponding physiochemical characteristics play major roles in drug therapeutic efficiency and biological effects. Each route of delivery has favourable aspects and limitations. The oral route of delivery is...

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  • Article
  • Open Access
39 Citations
11,195 Views
22 Pages
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Antiparkinson Drug Benztropine Suppresses Tumor Growth, Circulating Tumor Cells, and Metastasis by Acting on SLC6A3/DAT and Reducing STAT3

  • Chiharu Sogawa,
  • Takanori Eguchi,
  • Manh Tien Tran,
  • Masayuki Ishige,
  • Kilian Trin,
  • Yuka Okusha,
  • Eman Ahmed Taha,
  • Yanyin Lu,
  • Hotaka Kawai and
  • Norio Sogawa
  • + 4 authors
Cancers2020, 12(2), 523;https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12020523

24 February 2020

Tumor growth, progression, and therapy resistance are crucial factors in the prognosis of cancer. The properties of three-dimensional (3D) tumor-like organoids (tumoroids) more closely resemble in vivo tumors compared to two-dimensionally cultured ce...

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  • Review
  • Open Access
32 Citations
5,159 Views
26 Pages
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Clinico-Biological Implications of Modified Levels of Cytokines in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Possible Therapeutic Role

  • Alessandro Allegra,
  • Caterina Musolino,
  • Alessandro Tonacci,
  • Giovanni Pioggia,
  • Marco Casciaro and
  • Sebastiano Gangemi
Cancers2020, 12(2), 524;https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12020524

24 February 2020

B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is the main cause of mortality among hematologic diseases in Western nations. B-CLL is correlated with an intense alteration of the immune system. The altered functions of innate immune elements and adaptiv...

Full Article
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
4,600 Views
17 Pages
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New Deployable Expandable Electrodes in the Electroporation Treatment in a Pig Model: A Feasibility and Usability Preliminary Study

  • Francesco Izzo,
  • Franco Ionna,
  • Vincenza Granata,
  • Vittorio Albino,
  • Renato Patrone,
  • Francesco Longo,
  • Agostino Guida,
  • Paolo Delrio,
  • Daniela Rega and
  • Dario Scala
  • + 7 authors
Cancers2020, 12(2), 515;https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12020515

23 February 2020

The aim of the study is to evaluate the usability aspects of new deployable, expandable, electrode prototypes, in terms of suitability solutions for laparoscopic applications on the liver, endoscopic trans-oral and trans-anal procedures, electroporat...

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