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Hematology Reports
Volume 17
Issue 4
10.3390/hematolrep17040036
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Case Report

Diagnostic Challenges in Acute Leukemia: From Dental Pain to Catastrophic Intracerebral Hemorrhage

by
Anatoli Pinchuk
1,
Stefan P. Roch
1,
Christian Mawrin
2,
Daniel Behme
3,
Klaus-Peter Stein
1,
Belal Neyazi
1,
Martin Mikusko
4,
Ibrahim Erol Sandalcioglu
1 and
Ali Rashidi
1,*
1
Department of Neurosurgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
2
Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke Unviersity, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
3
Department of Neuroradiology, Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
4
Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cell Therapy, Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Hematol. Rep. 2025, 17(4), 36; https://doi.org/10.3390/hematolrep17040036
Submission received: 26 May 2025 / Revised: 9 July 2025 / Accepted: 11 July 2025 / Published: 23 July 2025
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Abstract

Background and Clinical significance: Acute leukemias are neoplasms of the hematopoietic system that are caused by the extensive proliferation of immature precursor cells (‘blasts’), mainly in the bone marrow. They frequently manifest with vague and non-specific clinical symptoms, making early diagnosis particularly challenging. Case Presentation: This case report describes the clinical course of a female patient who initially sought dental care due to a persistent toothache—an atypical and misleading symptom. Subsequent investigations revealed a diagnosis of acute leukemia. Although the malignancy was identified promptly and the appropriate therapeutic measures were initiated, the disease progressed with alarming rapidity. The patient ultimately developed a massive intracerebral hemorrhage—a devastating complication likely related to leukemia-associated coagulopathy. Despite emergent neurosurgical intervention, the hemorrhage proved fatal. Conclusions: This case highlights the critical need for heightened clinical suspicion in the presence of unusual symptoms and illustrates the complex interplay between hematologic malignancies and coagulopathic complications.
Keywords: acute leukemia; toothache; fatal hemorrhage; intracerebral hemorrhage; disseminated intravascular coagulation; thrombocytopenia; case report acute leukemia; toothache; fatal hemorrhage; intracerebral hemorrhage; disseminated intravascular coagulation; thrombocytopenia; case report

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MDPI and ACS Style

Pinchuk, A.; Roch, S.P.; Mawrin, C.; Behme, D.; Stein, K.-P.; Neyazi, B.; Mikusko, M.; Sandalcioglu, I.E.; Rashidi, A. Diagnostic Challenges in Acute Leukemia: From Dental Pain to Catastrophic Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Hematol. Rep. 2025, 17, 36. https://doi.org/10.3390/hematolrep17040036

AMA Style

Pinchuk A, Roch SP, Mawrin C, Behme D, Stein K-P, Neyazi B, Mikusko M, Sandalcioglu IE, Rashidi A. Diagnostic Challenges in Acute Leukemia: From Dental Pain to Catastrophic Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Hematology Reports. 2025; 17(4):36. https://doi.org/10.3390/hematolrep17040036

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pinchuk, Anatoli, Stefan P. Roch, Christian Mawrin, Daniel Behme, Klaus-Peter Stein, Belal Neyazi, Martin Mikusko, Ibrahim Erol Sandalcioglu, and Ali Rashidi. 2025. "Diagnostic Challenges in Acute Leukemia: From Dental Pain to Catastrophic Intracerebral Hemorrhage" Hematology Reports 17, no. 4: 36. https://doi.org/10.3390/hematolrep17040036

APA Style

Pinchuk, A., Roch, S. P., Mawrin, C., Behme, D., Stein, K.-P., Neyazi, B., Mikusko, M., Sandalcioglu, I. E., & Rashidi, A. (2025). Diagnostic Challenges in Acute Leukemia: From Dental Pain to Catastrophic Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Hematology Reports, 17(4), 36. https://doi.org/10.3390/hematolrep17040036

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