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Volume 14
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10.3390/v14030617
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Article

Avidity of IgG to SARS-CoV-2 RBD as a Prognostic Factor for the Severity of COVID-19 Reinfection

by
Victor Manuylov
1,2,*,
Olga Burgasova
1,3,
Olga Borisova
4,
Svetlana Smetanina
5,
Daria Vasina
1,
Igor Grigoriev
1,
Alexandra Kudryashova
4,
Maria Semashko
1,
Bogdan Cherepovich
4,
Olga Kharchenko
4,
Denis Kleymenov
1,
Elena Mazunina
1,
Artem Tkachuk
1 and
Vladimir Gushchin
1
1
Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, 123098 Moscow, Russia
2
MedipalTech LLC, 141981 Dubna, Russia
3
Medical Institute, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
4
Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia
5
Infectious Disease Clinical Hospital № 1, 125367 Moscow, Russia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2022, 14(3), 617; https://doi.org/10.3390/v14030617
Submission received: 7 February 2022 / Revised: 7 March 2022 / Accepted: 12 March 2022 / Published: 16 March 2022
(This article belongs to the Collection SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19)
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Abstract

The avidity index (AI) of IgG to the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 was determined for 71 patients with a mild (outpatient) course of COVID-19, including 39 primarily and 36 secondarily reinfected, and 92 patients with a severe (hospital) course of COVID-19, including 82 primarily and 10 secondarily infected. The AI was shown to correlate with the severity of repeated disease. In the group of outpatients with a mild course, the reinfected patients had significantly higher median AIs than those with primary infections (82.3% vs. 37.1%, p < 0.0001). At the same time, in patients with a severe course of COVID-19, reinfected patients still had low-avidity antibodies (median AI of 28.4% vs. 25% in the primarily infected, difference not significant, p > 0.05). This suggests that the presence of low-avidity IgG to RBD during reinfection is a negative prognostic factor, in which a patient’s risk of developing COVID-19 in a severe form is significantly increased. Thus, patients with IgG of low avidity (AI ≤ 40%) had an 89 ± 20.5% chance of a severe course of recurrent COVID-19, whereas the detection of high-avidity antibodies (AI ≥ 50%) gave a probability of 94 ± 7.9% for a mild course of recurrent disease (p < 0.05).
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 reinfection; IgG avidity SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 reinfection; IgG avidity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Manuylov, V.; Burgasova, O.; Borisova, O.; Smetanina, S.; Vasina, D.; Grigoriev, I.; Kudryashova, A.; Semashko, M.; Cherepovich, B.; Kharchenko, O.; et al. Avidity of IgG to SARS-CoV-2 RBD as a Prognostic Factor for the Severity of COVID-19 Reinfection. Viruses 2022, 14, 617. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14030617

AMA Style

Manuylov V, Burgasova O, Borisova O, Smetanina S, Vasina D, Grigoriev I, Kudryashova A, Semashko M, Cherepovich B, Kharchenko O, et al. Avidity of IgG to SARS-CoV-2 RBD as a Prognostic Factor for the Severity of COVID-19 Reinfection. Viruses. 2022; 14(3):617. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14030617

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manuylov, Victor, Olga Burgasova, Olga Borisova, Svetlana Smetanina, Daria Vasina, Igor Grigoriev, Alexandra Kudryashova, Maria Semashko, Bogdan Cherepovich, Olga Kharchenko, and et al. 2022. "Avidity of IgG to SARS-CoV-2 RBD as a Prognostic Factor for the Severity of COVID-19 Reinfection" Viruses 14, no. 3: 617. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14030617

APA Style

Manuylov, V., Burgasova, O., Borisova, O., Smetanina, S., Vasina, D., Grigoriev, I., Kudryashova, A., Semashko, M., Cherepovich, B., Kharchenko, O., Kleymenov, D., Mazunina, E., Tkachuk, A., & Gushchin, V. (2022). Avidity of IgG to SARS-CoV-2 RBD as a Prognostic Factor for the Severity of COVID-19 Reinfection. Viruses, 14(3), 617. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14030617

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