Energies, Volume 13, Issue 7

At any time of the day, a spherical mirror reflects the rays coming from the sun along a line that points to the sun through the center of the sphere. This makes it possible to build concentrated solar power(CSP) plants with fixed solar fields and mo...

Electric vehicles (EVs) have been around for more than a hundred years. Nevertheless, their deployment has not been a sustainable success up until now. Many scientists, engineers and policymakers argue that EVs are a promising, maybe even indispensab...

In Poland, various solar collector systems are used; among them, the most popular are flat plate collectors (FPCs) and evacuated tube collectors (ETCs). The work presents two installations located at a distance of 80 km apart, working in similar exte...

Engines waste a major part of their fuel energy in the jacket water and exhaust gas. Transcritical Rankine cycles are a promising technology to recover the waste heat efficiently. The working fluid selection seems to be a key factor that determines t...

A hydrophobic perfluoropolyether (PFPE)-based polymer, namely Fluorolink^® P56, was studied instead of the commonly used polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), in order to enhance gas diffusion media (GDM) water management behavior, on the basis of a pre...

One of the established unstable power swing (out-of-step) detection algorithms in micro grid/smart grid power systems uses a trajectory of apparent impedance in the R-X plane. However, this algorithm is not suitable for fast out-of-step conditions an...

As an important driving force to promote the energy revolution, the emergence of the energy internet has provided new ideas for the marketization and flexibility of multi-energy transactions. How to realize multi-energy joint trading is a key issue i...

Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) turbogenerators are a well-established technology to recover from medium to ultra-low grade heat and generate electricity, or heat and work as cogenerative units. High firmness, good reliability and acceptable efficiency g...

Eco-driving is one of the most important strategies for significantly reducing the energy consumption of railways with low investments. It consists of designing a way of driving a train to fulfil a target running time, consuming the minimum amount of...

This paper presents the results of a research project aimed at evaluating the unconventional natural gas potential of the autochthonous Miocene sediments in the Polish part of the Carpathian Foredeep. The primary objective of the study was to re-eval...

Data Distribution Service (DDS) has emerged as a potential solution for data communication challenges in smart grids. DDS is designed to support quality communication for large scale real-time systems through a wide range of QoS policies. However, a...

Hydraulic hybrid powertrains provide an opportunity for specific applications, such as heavy-duty vehicles based on high-power density, which has not been included in other types of hybrid powertrains. Among the various architectures of hybrid vehicl...

The major drawback of photovoltaic (PV) systems is their dependence on environmental conditions, such as solar radiation and temperature. Because of this dependency, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control methods are used in PV systems in order...

Successful transitioning to a circular economy city requires a holistic and inclusive approach that involves bringing together diverse actors and disciplines who may not have shared aims and objectives. It is desirable that stakeholders work together...

Demand response (DR) is an integral component of smart grid operations that offers the necessary flexibility to support its decarbonisation. In incentive-based DR programs, deviations from the scheduled DR capacity affect the grid’s energy bala...

This paper presents the wind energy potential and wind characteristics for 25 wind sites in Eritrea, based on wind data from the years 2000–2005. The studied sites are distributed all over Eritrea, but can roughly be divided into three regions:...

With the global increase in demand for energy, energy conservation of research and development buildings has become of primary importance for building owners. Knowledge based on the patterns in energy consumption of previous years could be used to pr...

While the vast majority of the wind energy market is dominated by megawatt-size wind turbines, the increasing importance of distributed electricity generation gives way to small, personal-size installations. Due to their situation at relatively low h...

In this paper a comparison of the wideband power sources of a pulse width modulation (PWM) inverter and a power supply composed of an audio power amplifier and a two-channel arbitrary generator is discussed. Their application is to supply a step-up c...

The whey is a byproduct of the dairy industry that, if not treated properly, can cause serious environmental pollution problems. Anaerobic treatment is an alternative for its recovery, since, in addition to reducing the organic load. it allows the ge...

This paper deals with the application of an electric vehicle (EV) motor inverter and its batteries as an energy storage device supporting the operation of home electrical installation. This additional functionality of EV is called a Vehicle-to-Home (...

The effects of particle shape differences on binary mixture shear flows are investigated using the Discrete Element Method (DEM). The binary mixtures consist of frictionless rods and disks, which have the same volume but significantly different shape...

Railways around the world are experiencing growth in traffic flow, but the problem concerning how to optimize the utilization of capacity is still demands significant research. To accommodate the increasing traffic demand, the high-speed railway oper...

This paper presents the results of numerical experiments on fire development and the backdraft phenomenon. The numerical model of fire development built with the use of Ansys Fluent was then validated based on literature data taken from real fire exp...

Three-level converters have drawn extensive attention due to their ability to deliver high-quality power. High semiconductor count is the main drawback of three-level converters. As a solution to this, a 10-switch converter is presented, that has adv...

An increase in the neutral current results in a malfunction of the low energy over current (LCO) protective relay and raises the neutral-to-ground voltage in three-phase, four-wire radial distribution feeders. Thus, the key point for mitigating its e...

In order to improve the Direct Current (DC) bus utilization ratio and realize harmonic suppression of a five-phase induction motor, the SVPWM (Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation) algorithm was researched in depth. Based on an analysis of the present...

A fractal discrete fracture network based model was proposed for the gas production prediction from a fractured shale reservoir. Firstly, this model was established based on the fractal distribution of fracture length and a fractal permeability model...

Crude oil is one of the strategic energies and plays an increasingly critical role effecting on the world economic development. The fluctuations of crude oil prices are caused by various extrinsic and intrinsic factors and usually demonstrate complex...

In the power industry, the deployment of smart grid resources in power systems has become an issue of major interest. The deployment of smart grid resources represents an additional uncertainty in the integrated generation and transmission planning t...

Considering the fact that electric vehicle battery charging based on the current charging station is time-consuming, the charging technology needs to improve in order to increase charging speed, which could reduce range anxiety and benefit the user e...

Compared with the traditional multi-agent models, the hierarchical leader–follower network (HLFN) can describe some real-world multi-agent systems more precisely due to its layered properties. The distributed event-based consensus control probl...

For biomass compaction, it is important to determine all aspects of the process that will affect the quality of pellets and briquettes. The low bulk density of biomass leads to many problems in transportation and storage, necessitating the use of a c...

The state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) are two crucial indicators needed for a proper and safe operation of the battery. Coulomb counting is one of the most adopted and straightforward methods to calculate the SOC. Although it can be imp...

We experimentally explored the impact of a wind turbine with truncated blades on the power output and wake recovery, and its effects within $2\times 3$ arrays of standard units. The blades of the truncated turbine covered a fraction of the ou...

The accessibility of cheap fossil fuels, due to large government subsidies, promotes the accelerated gross domestic product (GDP) per capita growth in Southeast Asia. However, the ambient air pollution from fossil fuel combustion has a latent cost, w...

In the distribution system, customers have increasingly use renewable energy sources and battery energy storage systems (BESS), transforming traditional loads into active prosumers. Therefore, methodologies are needed to provide prosumers with tools...

Through the analysis of the recovery inrush current generated by the external fault removal of the converter transformer, it is pointed out that the zero-sequence current caused by the recovery inrush may result in the saturation of the neutral curre...

This study makes a novel attempt to analyse the effect of the bypass control and room control modes on ventilation energy saving in an 84 m² housing unit, which is the most frequently constructed unit-type among newly constructed apartment buildings...

The first industrial-scale pyrolysis plant for solid tire wastes has been installed in Jenin, northern of the West Bank in Palestine, to dispose of the enormous solid tire wastes in the north of West Bank. The disposable process is an environmentally...

The converter transformer is a key equipment in high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system. Its oil-paper insulation system in the valve winding and outlet bushing experiences AC, DC, AC/DC, and transient impulse voltages simultaneously....

In this paper, an interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous machine with multiflux barriers is proposed to meet the wide speed regulation application requirements of electric vehicles. Based on the flux barrier characteristic, an electromagnetic&nd...

This paper is concerned with resilient triggered control problem for load frequency control and virtual synchronous generation (LFC-VSG) scheme of discrete-time multi-area power system with parameter uncertainty, governor dead band (GDB), and low ine...

A dynamic Smagorinsky–Lilly model (DSLM) subgrid model on the basis of the Smagorinsky–Lilly subgrid model (SLM) was introduced in the OpenFOAM software. The flow field of the vehicle was simulated, and the pressure coefficient and sound...

The variability of rail surfaces can result in wheel–rail slippage, which reduces the accuracy of subway braking systems, or even endangers the operation safety. It is necessary to conduct optimal anti-slip control with the estimation of the wh...

In this study, the effects of the use of improved fusel oil on engine performance and on exhaust emissions in a spark-ignition engine were investigated experimentally in consideration of the water, gum, and moisture content at high compression ratios...

The operation feasibility of small hydropower plants in mountainous sites is subjected to the run-of-river flow, which is also dependent on a high variability in precipitation and snow cover. Moreover, the management of this kind of system has to be...

Fire-induced thermal flow is the greatest threat to trapped people and the heat-resistant quality of building structures. This paper presents an experimental investigation of the effects of external wind on the ceiling temperature distribution of fir...

Changing the connection type of a medium voltage (MV) cable screen is linked to a decrease in power loss, although it may also lead to the generation of overvoltage in a metallic cable screen, which is hazardous for proper cable line work. In this pa...

Slaughterhouse waste management is an important technological, economic, and environmental challenge. Recently, more and more attention has been paid to the possibility of obtaining biogas from waste generated by slaughterhouses. The aim of the paper...