Sensors, Volume 20, Issue 22

Mercury ions (Hg${}^{2+}$) pollution in the water environment can cause serious harm to human health. Trace Hg${}^{2+}$ detection is of vital importance for environmental monitoring. Herein, we report a novel design of Ru-MOFs modified gold microelectrode for Hg${}^{2+}$...

Speech emotion recognition predicts the emotional state of a speaker based on the person’s speech. It brings an additional element for creating more natural human–computer interactions. Earlier studies on emotional recognition have been p...

Sandwich panels consisting of two Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) outer skins and an aluminium honeycomb core are a common structure of surfaces on commercial aircraft due to the beneficial strength–weight ratio. Mechanical defects such...

A tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) system based on an atomic force microscope (AFM) and radially polarized laser beam was developed. A TERS probe with plasmon resonance wavelength matching the excitation wavelength was prepared with the help of...

In foggy or hazy conditions, images are degraded due to the scattering and attenuation of atmospheric particles, reducing the contrast and visibility and changing the color. This degradation depends on the distance, the density of the atmospheric par...

This paper presents a new wearable e-textile based system, named SWEET Sock, for biomedical signals remote monitoring. The system includes a textile sensing sock, an electronic unit for data transmission, a custom-made Android application for real-ti...

In scenarios, like critical public safety communication networks, On-Scene Available (OSA) user equipment (UE) may be only partially connected with the network infrastructure, e.g., due to physical damages or on-purpose deactivation by the authoritie...

This paper presents an overview of semiconductor materials used in gas sensors, their technology, design, and application. Semiconductor materials include metal oxides, conducting polymers, carbon nanotubes, and 2D materials. Metal oxides are most of...

Audio-integrated feedback active noise control (AFANC) systems deliver wideband audio signals and cancel low frequency narrowband noises simultaneously. The conventional AFANC system uses single-rate processing with fullband adaptive active noise con...

The understanding of rider/vehicle interaction modalities remains an issue, specifically in the case of bend-taking. This difficulty results both from the lack of adequate instrumentation to conduct this type of study and from the variety of practice...

Mobile manipulation, which has more flexibility than fixed-base manipulation, has always been an important topic in the field of robotics. However, for sophisticated operation in complex environments, efficient localization and dynamic tracking grasp...

Map-matching is a popular method that uses spatial information to improve the accuracy of positioning methods. The performance of map matching methods is closely related to spatial characteristics. Although several studies have demonstrated that cert...

Imbalanced learning is a common problem in remote sensing imagery-based land-use and land-cover classifications. Imbalanced learning can lead to a reduction in classification accuracy and even the omission of the minority class. In this paper, an imp...

Time domain complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) temperature sensors estimate the temperature of a sensory device by measuring the frequency, period and/or delay time instead of the voltage and/or current signals that have been traditionall...

The paper investigates the operation of a wideband universal exhaust gas oxygen (UEGO) sensor in a diesel engine under elevated exhaust backpressure. Although UEGO sensors provide the excess air ratio feedback signal primarily in spark ignition engin...

We introduce SodSAR, a fully polarimetric tower-based wide frequency (1–10 GHz) range Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) aimed at snow, soil and vegetation studies. The instrument is located in the Arctic Space Centre of the Finnish Meteorological...

Tribological experiments (i.e., characterizing the friction and wear behavior of materials) are crucial for determining their potential areas of application. Automating such tests could hence help speed up the development of novel materials and coati...

In this paper, we compare the performances of impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) and frequency modulation continuous wave (FMCW) radars in measuring noncontact vital signs such as respiration rate and heart rate. These two type radars have been wi...

Water safety and quality can be compromised by the proliferation of toxin-producing phytoplankton species, requiring continuous monitoring of water sources. This analysis involves the identification and counting of these species which requires broad...

In some applications of linear ultrasonic motors (LUSMs), not installing speed/position sensors can reduce the size and cost of the system, changes in load will cause fluctuations in the speed of the LUSM. To eliminate the influence of load changes o...

Cancers of the abdominal cavity comprise one of the most prevalent forms of cancers, with the highest contribution from colon and rectal cancers (12% of the human population), followed by stomach cancers (4%). Surgery, as the preferred choice of trea...

Gyrocardiography (GCG) is a non-invasive technique of analyzing cardiac vibrations by a MEMS (microelectromechanical system) gyroscope placed on a chest wall. Although its history is short in comparison with seismocardiography (SCG) and electrocardio...

As the autonomous driving technology develops, research on related sensors is also being actively conducted. One system that is widely used today uses a light source with a wavelength in the 905 nm band for the pulse Light Detection And Ranging (LiDA...

In the bioremediation field, geophysical techniques are commonly applied, at lab scale and field scale, to perform the characterization and the monitoring of contaminated soils. We propose a method for detecting the dielectric properties of contamina...

The number of sensors, ground-based and remote, exploiting the relationship between soil dielectric response and soil water content continues to grow. Empirical expressions for this relationship generally work well in coarse-textured soils but can br...

Large intelligent surfaces (LIS) promises not only to improve the signal to noise ratio, and spectral efficiency but also to reduce the energy consumption during the transmission. We consider a base station equipped with an antenna array using the ma...

The article presents a throughput maximization approach for UAV assisted ground networks. Throughput maximization involves minimizing delay and packet loss through UAV trajectory optimization, reinforcing the congested nodes and transmission channels...

This research introduces a new multifunction biquad filter based on voltage mode (VM) current-feedback operational amplifier (CFOA) and a fully uncoupled quadrature oscillator (QO) based on the proposed VM multifunction biquad filter. The proposed VM...

Anonymous technology is an effective way for protecting users’ privacy. Anonymity in sensor networks is to prevent the unauthorized third party from revealing the identities of the communication parties. While, in unstable wireless sensor netwo...

In this paper, we introduce a simple method based on image analysis and deep learning that can be used in the objective assessment and measurement of tremors. A tremor is a neurological disorder that causes involuntary and rhythmic movements in a hum...

Fluid intake is important for people to maintain body fluid homeostasis. Inadequate fluid intake leads to negative health consequences, such as headache, dizziness and urolithiasis. However, people in busy lifestyles usually forget to drink sufficien...

With the aim of increasing the efficiency of maintenance and fuel usage in airplanes, structural health monitoring (SHM) of critical composite structures is increasingly expected and required. The optimized usage of this concept is subject of intensi...

The use of time domain reflectometry (TDR) for real-time monitoring of bridge scour process has gone through several stages of development. The recently-proposed concept of bundled TDR sensing cable, in which two sets of insulated steel strands are t...

In recent years, growing interest in deep learning neural networks has raised a question on how they can be used for effective processing of high-dimensional datasets produced by hyperspectral imaging (HSI). HSI, traditionally viewed as being within...

The natural characteristics of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) enable its advanced applications in nanotechnology as a special tool that can be detected by high-resolution imaging with precise localization. Super-resolution (SR) microscopy enables the ex...

Moving away from hand-crafted feature extraction, the use of data-driven convolution neural network (CNN)-based algorithms facilitates the realization of end-to-end automated forgery detection in multimedia forensics. On the basis of fingerprints acq...

On-site manual inspection of metro tunnel leakages has been faced with the problems of low efficiency and poor accuracy. An automated, high-precision, and robust water leakage inspection method is vital to improve the manual approach. Existing approa...

Nowadays, wearable technology can enhance physical human life-log routines by shifting goals from merely counting steps to tackling significant healthcare challenges. Such wearable technology modules have presented opportunities to acquire important...

The spectra fingerprint of drinking water from a water treatment plant (WTP) is characterised by a number of light-absorbing substances, including organic, nitrate, disinfectant, and particle or turbidity. Detection of disinfectant (monochloramine) c...

The sooner disruptive emergent behaviors are detected, the sooner preventive measures can be taken to ensure the resilience of business processes execution. Therefore, organizations need to prepare for emergent behaviors by embedding corrective contr...

In high-resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) ship detection, the number of SAR samples seriously affects the performance of the algorithms based on deep learning. In this paper, aiming at the application requirements of high-resolution ship dete...

Due to the intrinsic side-looking geometry of synthetic aperture radar (SAR), time series interferometric SAR is only able to monitor displacements in line-of-sight (LOS) direction, which limits the accuracy of displacement measurement in landslide m...

By incorporating electrically conductive yarns into a waterproof membrane, one can detect epoxy resin cracking or liquid leakage. Therefore, this study examined the electrical conductivity variations of several yarns (metallic or carbon-based) for cr...

As energy efficiency (EE) is a key performance indicator for the future wireless network, it has become a significant research field in communication networks. In this paper, we consider multi-cell multi-carrier non-orthogonal multiple access (MCMC-N...

In this paper, an endlessly single mode microstructured polymer optical fiber (mPOF) in a Mach–Zehnder (M–Z) interferometer configuration is demonstrated for temperature and strain measurement. Because there is no commercial splicer applied for POF-s...

Biosensors are analytical devices that are able to convert a biological response into an electrical signal [...]

Underwater robots emit sound during operations which can deteriorate the quality of acoustic data recorded by on-board sensors or disturb marine fauna during in vivo observations. Notwithstanding this, there have only been a few attempts at character...

Cable termination is a weak point in an underground cable system. The transient earth voltage (TEV) method is an effective and nonintrusive method for estimating the insulation condition of cable termination. However, the practical application of TEV...

Convolutional neural networks have recently been used for multi-focus image fusion. However, some existing methods have resorted to adding Gaussian blur to focused images, to simulate defocus, thereby generating data (with ground-truth) for supervise...

In recent years, integral imaging, a promising three-dimensional imaging technology, has attracted more and more attention for its broad applications in robotics, computational vision, and medical diagnostics. In the visible spectrum, an integral ima...