182 Results Found

Waste biomass coming from a local coffee company, which supplied burnt ground coffee after an incorrect roasting process, was employed as a starting material in the composting plant of the Experimental Station of the University of Naples Federico II...

Microbial inoculation is widely used to improve composting performance, yet its effectiveness hinges on inoculum composition, substrate characteristics, and composting technology, which remain poorly understood. This study compared single versus mixe...

The accumulation of sewage sludge is a severe problem in many countries. Its utilization through composting has the potential to become a widely applied technology. From this perspective, our study investigated the diversity of fungi in mesophilic an...

Inefficient chromium (III)–collagen cross-linking during leather tanning generates solid waste and effluents containing residual chromium, raising environmental and health concerns. Biological strategies are increasingly popular for tannery was...

Composting is widely used to recycle a variety of different organic wastes. In this study, dairy manure, chicken litter, biosolids, yard trimmings and food waste were selected as representative municipal and agricultural feedstocks and composted in s...

A transformation towards sustainable food production requires improved circular nutrient management. Urban organic waste contains relevant nutrients and organic matter, yet only 4% of global urban nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) sources are presently...

A lignocellulose-degrading strain isolated from thermophilic compost was identified as Geobacillus stearothermophilus B5, and found able to secrete considerable amounts of enzymes at optimal temperature (60 °C) and pH (7.5). One circular contig o...

The accumulation of biowastes is one of the main concerns of modern society. One of the most environmentally friendly solutions to convert biowaste into a product is composting. Biowastes may contain unknown substances that are persistent in the fina...

Compost-bedded pack barns (CBP) are of increasing interest in dairy farming due to their positive effect on animal welfare. The temperature and the moisture content of the bedding material characterising the composting process can promote the growth...

Composting is the natural, exothermic process where the huge amount of heat that is created is an issue of organic matter decomposition. However, too high temperature can reduce the microbial activity during the thermophilic composting phase. The aim...

Thermophilic composting is a suitable treatment for the recycling of organic wastes for agriculture. However, using human excreta as feedstock for composting raises concerns about antibiotic resistances. We analyzed samples from the start and end of...

The composting of organic waste is a sustainable strategy for waste management and soil fertility improvement. However, the composting process is often associated with greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, having a negative impact on the environment. This...

In the last decade, a growing demand for sustainable cosmetic ingredients has yielded numerous biodegradation protocols. While OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) aquatic assays are suitable for water-borne chemicals, it is...

Thermophilic microbial inoculant (CI) has been demonstrated to optimize the green waste composting (GWC) process. The pathways through which it enhances lignocellulose degradation remain unclear. This study evaluated composting performance under four...

Although toxicogenic moulds have been identified in municipal waste and composting facilities, only a few reports exist on the occurrence of mycotoxins in compost. Those reports mostly concern sewage sludge as a substrate, tested only a limited range...

Food waste generation is increasing at an exponential rate, affecting the environment, food security, and causing major economic issues worldwide. The main aim of the current research is to investigate a novel composting technology that is still in i...

Antibiotic resistance caused by antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) threatens human health. ARGs in animal manure can be degraded by composting. This study explored the changes in ARGs and microbial communities during co-composting of pig manure and t...

Lack of sanitation is the underlying cause of many diarrheal infections and associated deaths. Improving sanitation through the set-up of ecological sanitation dry toilets, followed by the thermophilic composting of human excreta, could offer a solut...

As a widely adopted approach for the resource utilization of pig manure, the ability of composting to reduce risk pollutants such as antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) has gained significant attention. Temperature plays a pivotal role in determining...

This work studied the effect of cellulose nanocrystal (NCC) content on the biodegradation kinetics of PLA-based multiscale cellulosic biocomposites (PLAMCBs). To facilitate biodegradation, the materials were subjected to thermo-oxidation before compo...

This study aims to establish the relationship between ambient parameters and the diversity, composition, and function of microbial communities that predominate at each stage of the co-composting of food and agricultural waste. Culture-based and cultu...

The biodegradation of polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) ternary biocomposites containing nature-based plasticizer acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC), heterogeneous nucleation agents—calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) and spray-dried lignin-coate...

Composting is a complex process in which various micro-organisms, mainly fungi and bacteria, are involved. The process depends on a large number of factors (biological, chemical, and physical) among which microbial populations play a fundamental role...

We investigated the effects of organic amendments (thermophilic compost, vermicompost, and coconut coir) on the bioavailability of trace heavy metals of Zn, Cd, Pb, Co, and Ni from heavy metal-spiked soils under laboratory conditions. To test switchg...

We report a detailed characterization of five thermophilic bacteriophages (phages) that were isolated from compost heaps in Vilnius, Lithuania using Geobacillus thermodenitrificans strains as the hosts for phage propagation. The efficiency of pl...

The Hercules beetle larvae grow by feeding on humus, and adding a thermophile-fermented compost to the humus can upregulate the growth of female larvae. In this study, the effects of compost on the intestinal environment, including pH, cation concent...

Aerobic composting is an important technology for resource utilization, yet substantial greenhouse gas emissions and carbon–nitrogen losses limit its environmental benefits. Although biochar amendment has been widely applied, the stage-specific...

Composting organic waste and human excreta could significantly reduce the amount of waste dumped and increase soil fertility and agricultural yields. However, studies focusing on the replacement of mineral fertilizer with compost from these resources...

Owing to rapid population growth, sewage sludge poses a serious environmental threat across the world. Composting and vermicomposting are biological technologies commonly used to stabilize sewage sludge. The objective of this study was to assess the...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄) emissions during the composting and vermicomposting of sewage sludge under the effect of different proportions of straw pellets. Four treatments, including a control wit...

Composting is a common treatment for the high amounts of sewage sludge produced in wastewater treatment plants, and the product is used in agriculture. Composting reduces the levels of biodegradable organic pollutants, although other compounds presen...

Although bacterial and fungal communities play essential roles in organic matter degradation and humification during composting, their composition, interactions, abiotic compost properties, and succession patterns remain unclear. In this study, the s...

The ubiquity and character of thermophilic poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT)-degrading microorganisms in soils were investigated and compared to the process in an industrial composting plant. PBAT degraders were sought in 41 temperate zo...

Humus is the core product and key indicator of compost maturity. How to improve the humus content and accelerate its formation in composting is critical for the improvement of compost quality. This study investigated the effects of adding compost der...

The aim of this work was to analyze the influence of thermal conditions and the presence of biomass in the chamber on the composting process. The work analyzed the process of the aerobic decomposition of grass, the inoculating fraction and the struct...

The composting of sewage sludge and maize straw mixtures was investigated in this study. The aim was to analyze the influence of different proportions of sewage sludge and maize straw in the mixtures on composting process dynamics (expressed by heat...

In this study, the effects of composting phase and bulking agent on macronutrient extraction and the chemical, physicochemical, and biological properties of 20 compost teas from poultry waste composting mixtures were evaluated. Phosphorus (P) extract...

The amount of biowaste generated by university canteens (BWUC) in the faculties of the University of A Coruña (UDC) varies between 6 and 100 kg/day. In addition, the gardening services of the campus generate even higher amounts of garden waste...

Nitrogen loss is an unavoidable problem during organic waste composting, while exogenous microbial inoculation is a promising strategy for reducing nitrogen loss and improving compost quality. This study was designed to probe available nitrogen level...

The composting of green waste (GW) proceeds slowly due to the presence of slowly degradable compounds in that substrate. The introduction of amendments and bulking materials can improve organic matter degradation and end-product quality. However, add...

Technology that would result in a high-quality product with minimal environmental impact throughout the on-site composting process of hop biomass after harvest has not yet been developed. It is crucial to introduce composting practices that do not re...

Livestock and poultry manure is an important recyclable nutrient resource in Chinese agriculture, and heap composting, a low-input static method, is the most common treatment approach on farms. However, most studies have focused on aerobic composting...

Increasing concerns about environmental issues have recently intensified the search for sustainable alternatives to conventional plastics that minimize ecological impacts. This study evaluates the biodegradability, compostability, and ecotoxicity of...

Humic acids (HAs) are redox-active components that play a crucial role in catalyzing relevant redox reactions in various ecosystems. However, it is unclear what role the different compost-derived Has play in the dissimilatory Fe(III) bioreduction and...

Direct agricultural use of digestate from food waste is hindered by its high phytotoxicity, and the addition of common auxiliary materials during composting increases the project cost. In this study, mature compost (MC) was used to replace part of mu...

Canteen food waste (FW) and Chinese medicine residues (CMR) are difficult to compost. Additive addition can enhance compost maturity, probably by reshaping microbial communities. Yet, the synergistic effect of biochar and gypsum on compost quality re...

Despite the development of biorefinery processes, the possibility of coupling the “conventional” composting process with the production of biochemicals is not taken into account. However, net carbon monoxide (CO) production has been obser...

Compost instability and low nutrient content remain the primary constraints on the resource utilization of livestock manure compost. Although biochar and zeolite have individually demonstrated ameliorative effects, their combined application and the...

Background: Efficient bioconversion of organic waste requires microorganisms with the potential to degrade complex organic compounds and transform biogenic elements. Methods: In this study, two thermophilic bacterial strains, RKM-1 and RKM-2, isolate...

Composting is an adequate method for treating and valorizing agricultural waste such as those from spring onion (SO) cultivation and chicken breeding (chicken manure–CM). However, the low content of Total Organic Carbon in the waste from SO and...