- Article
Electrothermally Driven Hydrogel-on-Flex-Circuit Actuator for Smart Steerable Catheters
- Madeshwaran Selvaraj and
- Kenichi Takahata
This paper reports an active catheter-tip device functionalized by integrating a temperature-responsive smart polymer onto a microfabricated flexible heater strip, targeting at enabling the controlled steering of catheters through complex vascular ne...